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  • Categories: Science
  • Categories: Social sciences
  • Year of publication:: 2014
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Heidegger a novoveká metafyzika

Heidegger a novoveká metafyzika

E-book

E-book

Vladimír Leško, Milan Sobotka a kol.

Filozofické dielo Martina Heideggera, ktorého hlavnou otázkou je otázka bytia, je v rozhodujúcej miere zviazané s pochopením filozo-fického reflektovania tejto otázky v gréckej a novovekej filozofii. Filozofický vývoj nemeckého mysliteľa túto dejinno-filozofickú sku-točnosť prezentuje v jedinečnej podobe od dvadsiatych rokov 20. storočia až do konca svojej tvorby. Problém Heideggerovej recepcie gréckej filozofie s jej chápaním metafyziky bol predmetom nášho skúmania v práci Heidegger, metafyzika a Gréci (Košice: UPJŠ 2016, 693 s.).

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Globálne navigačné satelitné systémy

Globálne navigačné satelitné systémy

E-book

E-book

Vladimír Sedlák

In the presented university textbooks, so-called satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS, from the English Satellite Based Augmentation Systems, in Slovak Systémy rozširujúce základné satelitné systémy) are also discussed. These systems enhance, expand, or refine the basic satellite navigation systems. They are supportive satellite systems for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems). Currently, the long-operational American GPS and Russian GLONASS systems, as well as the partially operational European Galileo system (since December 2016), have and will continue to have broad applications in various fields of human activity, both professional and personal.

The university textbook Globálne navigačné satelitné systémy (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) reflects the current progressive development in the technological and instrumental principles and components of such satellite navigation systems. It presents the state of these satellite technologies from their historical origins and development to the present. The rapid advancements, particularly in the instrumental base of satellite navigation systems, will require updates on their current state in future editions of these university textbooks.

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Pavol Jozef Šafárik v kontinuite

Pavol Jozef Šafárik v kontinuite

E-book

E-book

Marianna SedlákováMarián Gladiš (eds.)

The content of the book publication Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Continuity consists of contributions from two events organized by the Department of Slovak Studies, Slavic Philologies, and Communication at the Faculty of Arts of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice during its short existence.

The first event was a scientific seminar held on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the death of P. J. Šafárik, titled Pavol Jozef Šafárik – Scientist and Artist, which took place on January 27–28, 2012, in Košice and Kobeliarovo. The second event was an internal scientific seminar on the occasion of the 220th anniversary of Šafárik’s birth, held on December 15, 2015, under the title In the Quiet Home Circle. Symbolically—beginning with death and ending with birth (thus indicating the living continuity of Šafárik’s research legacy)—we aim to continue the study of Pavol Jozef Šafárik’s scientific work and increasingly involve the youngest generation of researchers (represented by doctoral students of the department in the field of literary studies). This is despite the fact that the literature on the life and work of this scholar and poet, who stood at the birth of Slavic studies, is very rich, and most of his works have already been scientifically analyzed. However, it appears that even seemingly outdated views of Šafárik still deserve scientific attention in the new context of humanities and natural sciences, as can be read in the contributions published in this volume.

Through the continuous publication of the Collected Works of Pavol Jozef Šafárik, both mentioned seminars, and the publication of this volume, the Faculty of Arts of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice has continued the activities of the Prešov Faculty of Arts from the time before its separation from the union of faculties of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice in 1997. The selection and arrangement of contributions in the volume symbolize the "passing of the baton" in research and publishing activities related to Pavol Jozef Šafárik—a scientific personality of global stature, who in 1959 gave his name to our university.

Compiled by the editors.

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Virtuálne a reálne prostredie dospievajúceho

Virtuálne a reálne prostredie dospievajúceho

E-book

E-book

Magdaléna Halachová - Denisa Rovenská

The monograph theoretically analyzes the virtual environment and its aspects, offers insight into the identity of the child in the virtual environment, the necessity of social support and the diversity of social relationships in the real world and virtual reality.

Furthermore, it contains the fundamental training program designed to minimize the risks of the virtual reality, because adolescents are often exposed to risks uncontrollably. For that reason it focuses on adolescent and empowering optimal self-image, as well as creating and maintaining real social networks.

The set of experiential-educational activities is conceptually divided into two main areas. The first one is content-focused on the adolescent, his/her psychological capability including opinions, attitudes, emotions, competences, and self-reflection.

The second one focuses on interpersonal real and virtual relationships, the recognition of the advantages and disadvantages of internet communication and face-to-face interaction, and last but not least for more optimal use of the Internet and preference for real social interaction.

Authors

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Problematické používanie internetu u adolescentov v kontextoch teórie a praxe sociálnej práce

Problematické používanie internetu u...

E-book

E-book

Vladimír Lichner - Dušan Šlosár

The scientific monograph focuses on the issue of adolescent risk behaviors on the internet in the form of its problematic use in the context of valid theories and practices of a social work. Text of the monograph is divided into four parts.

The first part focuses on the multidisciplinary definition of a risk behavior on the internet. It offers an up-to-date literary overview of the issue through the latest, especially foreign, theoretical knowledge.

The second part focuses on the problematic use of the internet in contexts of valid origins of the social work. The third part focuses on the presentation of the most important psychosocial factors correlating with the problematic internet use in the adolescent´s group. The theoretical knowledge is supplemented by the authors research into the present factors.

The final part is application-oriented and focuses on the possibilities that the social work offers at the praxis level to prevent and solve the presented problems.

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Antioxidanty a ich význam v prevencii chronických ochorení

Antioxidanty a ich význam v prevencii...

E-book

E-book

Tatiana Kimáková - Vladimír Pavlík

The scientific monograph focuses on the characteristics of free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, oxidative stress, and its impact on various diseases. A significant portion is dedicated to antioxidants, their classification based on multiple criteria, the characteristics of selected antioxidants in terms of their functions, manifestations of their deficiency and excess, and the overall antioxidant capacity of the body.

A special section is devoted to enzyme-based antioxidants, natural sources of antioxidants in the form of vitamins, trace elements, flavonoids, polyphenols, and coenzyme Q10. To provide a clearer understanding of antioxidants and their influence on population health, the monograph presents results from a research project included in the program "Research Support for Enhancing the Defense Capabilities of the Czech Republic in NATO Structures."

The research was conducted between 2010 and 2012 as part of preventive rehabilitation programs for professional soldiers with a sports component. The study involved 218 professional soldiers, including 180 men and 38 women, with an average age of 33.3 years. The current health status and dietary habits of the soldiers were assessed using questionnaires.

The study described the saturation of the observed group with antioxidant vitamins and statistically evaluated the relationship between their levels and the risk indicators for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Individual analyses were performed using the Reflotron device calibrated with Reflotron Precinorm control serum. Following blood collection, all participants underwent anthropometric examinations (body weight, height, waist circumference), blood pressure measurements, heart rate monitoring, and physical fitness assessments through simple functional tests.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical, veterinary, and natural sciences, as well as public health students at all levels of university education. It is also intended for informed members of the public.

Authors

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Rizikové správanie onkologicky chorých klientov sociálnej práce

Rizikové správanie onkologicky chorých klientov...

E-book

E-book

Lucia TóthováEva Žiaková

The current time is fast, hasty, with strongly asserted women's emancipation, absorbed by information and communication technologies that overcome distances but create them at the same time. The lifestyle of humans is changing, many diseases are on the rise, and cancer is becoming a "trend of the present". Claims on man, and especially on women, are now too great. Women perform multiple roles and perform many tasks. They become caregiving mothers, understanding and surrendered wives, workers with professionalism and flexibility, and idols the myth of beauty too. Due to the overlapping of the traditional gender division of labor, the life of women takes place on several levels. Their work day does not end when they leave the job, but they continue to care for their household and their own family. Besides all, they strive to fulfill not only personal expectations, but also the expectations of the family, social environment and society, reject failure and strive for perfectionism.

In our lives, situations that affect and burden us more or less appear. Even though we can not in control everything and everyone, we are able to control situations that are of direct concern to us. In life, we encounter problems in employment, financial problems, illness or death of near. As well as negative, also positive situations affect us. Each responds to each situation different ways.

Monograph is one of the ways in which we aim to draw attention to the so "C-coping style" as a maladaptive way of managing the burden that is typical of oncological ill patients. It is one of the possible concepts that affect the manifestation of breast cancer. Based on this, we have focused on the used coping strategies and we consider the life events to be a significant burden in the lives of cancer patients. The research is aimed at synthesizing the life events and the coping strategies used to coping them, conceived as a risk behavior of patients with breast cancer. As the coping of the burden can be different between men and women, the monograph is intended predominantly for women, to which we have also focused in realized research. They can be patients with oncological diagnosis, but also women who want to prevent this disease by use effective coping life events. We also believe that the monograph will enrich everyone who is interested in the same target group.

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Výsledky vedeckého výskumu ako inšpirácia pre vznik a rozvoj socioonkológie na Slovensku

Výsledky vedeckého výskumu ako inšpirácia pre...

E-book

E-book

Eva ŽiakováLucia Tóthová et al.

The scientific monograph was developed within the framework of the grant project Vega 1/0230/15 entitled "Social and Personality Characteristics of Oncological Ill Men and Women as one of the most important factors of sociotherapy with this group of men and women clients", with the aim of finding some common personal characteristics oncological men and women patients, to focus on choosing their coping strategies that can be significant in terms of oncological disease as well as suggesting ways and means of using the basic methods of sociotherapy as one of the most important methods of social work in working with this group of men and women clients, from the knowledge of their personal and social characteristics.

It is also a starting point for other necessary steps, namely to link the results of research to prax the themselves oncologists to hospitals, their outpatient clinics and patients as well as to support the merit of developing the sociooncology, a specific science discipline.

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Chemické výpočty vo všeobecnej a anorganickej chémii

Chemické výpočty vo všeobecnej a anorganickej...

E-book

E-book

Ivan Potočňák

The script is a study literature for the subject Chemical Calculations, which is a mandatory course in the bachelor's degree programs in Chemistry and Chemistry – Interdisciplinary Studies, first year. The script contains 10 chapters with a total of 207 pages, guiding students through solved and unsolved examples to help them understand the subject matter.

Author

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Ortuť v životnom prostredí ako rizikový faktor zdravia

Ortuť v životnom prostredí ako rizikový faktor...

E-book

E-book

Tatiana Kimáková

This scientific monograph is a comprehensive scientific work focused on the presence and effects of mercury in the environment, as well as the health risk factors associated with it.

The monograph presents a characterization of mercury in a multidisciplinary scope, discusses its use in industry and healthcare, and describes the negative impacts of mercury on the environment and public health. It also provides proposals and recommendations for at-risk groups. The monograph includes a comprehensive study of mercury concentration in samples of domestic and foreign production commodities and plant samples using the atomic absorption spectrometer AMA 254.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical, veterinary, natural sciences, and agricultural fields, as well as public health students at all three levels of university study. It is also intended for all interested members of the informed public.

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Cesty (k) textu. Inšpirácie Františka Mika

Cesty (k) textu. Inšpirácie Františka Mika

E-book

E-book

Iveta Bónová - Marián Gladiš (eds.)

About the personality of university professor František Miko, DrSc., much has rightly been written, especially after 1989. Indeed, anyone involved in language and literature, at least within the geographical scope of the West Slavic region, is familiar with his work, particularly his brilliant expressive conception of style.

Our ambition in the introduction of this presented collection is not to substitute a dictionary of linguists, nor to provide a comprehensive view of his life and professional career. Rather, it is to remind ourselves of an exceptional individual—a scientist whose attitude, contributions, and results have influenced and continue to influence not only entire generations of researchers but also scientific thinking as a whole.

In the presented collection, we supplement the characterization contained in the inventively and convincingly formulated title of the obituary The Quiet Revolutionary of Our Science, František Miko, with a set of thematically diverse contributions (from the fields of style, sound, translation studies, phraseology, didactics...) dedicated to this significant figure of Slovak science on the occasion of what would have been his ninety-fifth birthday.

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Základy školskej psychológie

Základy školskej psychológie

E-book

E-book

Ján Hvozdík

With great interest, I read the proposal for the reissue of the monograph by Prof. PhDr. Ján Hvozdík, DrSc., Základy školskej psychológie (Foundations of School Psychology). It was an honor for me to be part of the editorial board for the new edition of the textbook.

The reissue comes at a time when school psychology seems to be experiencing a renaissance in its application. This is no coincidence, as the professor’s conception of school psychology as a theoretical-applied and integrated psychological discipline strives not only directly but also indirectly, through the pedagogical practice of teachers, to influence specific situations in educational practice within the school environment. From my perspective, I also appreciate the attention given in the textbook to the ever-relevant topic of self-directed learning, that is, the autodidactics of pupils and students. School psychology has become a core subject, within which its specializations are also realized.

It is worth mentioning the fact that, under the conditions of totalitarianism, the professor was not a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, and yet he made significant contributions to the development of school counseling, both in theory and in practice, which commands respect and admiration. The reissue of the textbook is not an apology but rather a celebration of his positive contributions.

prof. PhDr. Ján Grác, DrSc.

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Význam a miesto resocializácie a reedukácie v sociálnej práci

Význam a miesto resocializácie a reedukácie v...

E-book

E-book

Eva Žiaková (ed.) 

The 5th edition of the Košice Days of Social Work

Proceedings of the scientific conference with international participation held on November 25, 2016, in Košice

The issue of re-education and resocialization is not new, but it is an increasingly urgent problem as various types of dependencies grow in both scope and content. It can be said that this issue represents one of the central themes of social work in its theoretical foundations as well as practical contexts.

This was the main reason for selecting this topic as the central theme of the 5th edition of the Košice Days of Social Work, which was the sixth continuation of the professional community’s gatherings to address social problems currently troubling our society. The presented proceedings include nearly three dozen contributions from more than twenty authors from Slovakia, as well as Poland and the Czech Republic. The content of the contributions deals not only with theoretical foundations and perspectives on the issue of resocialization and re-education but also with the consequences of these processes in various client social risk groups—whether it involves the addicted, aggressive, chronically ill, convicted, divorced, bullied, cyberbullied, etc.

I believe that such a wide range of contributions will enrich all those who work and study in the theoretical, research, and practical fields of social work.

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Doménové steny a ich dynamika

Doménové steny a ich dynamika

E-book

E-book

Rastislav Varga

The movement of domain walls in ferromagnetic materials is utilized in various magnetic devices for storing, processing, or transmitting signals and information. This mainly includes transformer cores, various sensors, memory devices (e.g., HDDs in PCs), as well as modern spintronic devices such as Racetrack memories, domain wall motion-based electronics, and so on.

This book is intended to serve as a textbook for advanced courses in the field of magnetic materials. It is primarily aimed at students interested in studying magnetic materials, as well as professionals from various fields who wish to understand the basics of domain structure and its changes. It is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter deals with a brief history of the study of domain structure in magnetic materials. The second chapter provides an introduction to the causes and manifestations of magnetic anisotropies. The third and fourth chapters are devoted to the causes of domain structure formation and domain walls. The fifth chapter discusses the structure of domain walls, their potential, and the critical field required for domain wall movement. The sixth chapter is dedicated to magnetization processes, one of which - domain wall movement - is discussed in detail in chapter 7. The eighth chapter contains a theoretical solution for domain wall movement. The final ninth chapter presents a modern method of domain wall movement induced by electric current.

The presented work assumes that the reader has at least basic knowledge in the field of magnetism. Otherwise, the author refers the reader to basic literature (e.g., [2.1 - 2.6]).

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Tvorba úloh pre programátorské súťaže

Tvorba úloh pre programátorské súťaže

E-book

E-book

Ľubomír ŠnajderJán Guniš

The publication lists interim results of qualitative educational research focused on the development and evaluation of programming tasks being carried out by authors since 2005 in the frame of programming competition PALMA junior.

The publication consists of three chapters: Computer science competitions in Slovakia, Tasks in computer science education, Selected problems of PALMA junior competition. The first chapter provides an overview of computer science competitions for a primary and secondary schools in Slovakia. The second chapter described the issue of learning tasks - their components, focus, formulation types, and development system of tasks. The third chapter contains the assignments and commented author solutions of selected problems represented focus of PALMA junior competition – programming, algorithms and mathematics.

For each problem is mentioned analysis of pupils’ solutions aimed to ways of thinking, typical misconceptions, sets of preparatory and extended problems. The publication is addressed to computer science teacher trainers, authors of programming competitions problems, and computer science teachers.  

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UNINFOS 2014 • Univerzitné informačné systémy (Zborník príspevkov)

UNINFOS 2014 • Univerzitné informačné systémy...

E-book

E-book

Gabriel Semanišin - Emil HutňanJana Oleničová

The proceedings contain contributions from participants of the UNIFOS 2014 conference, University Information Systems in Košice, which took place from October 27 to 29, 2014.

ICT centers are important element that provide functioning and development hardware and software infrastructure at Slovak Universities. There are more differences between them in real position, management, personal sources and financing. ICT centers provide a wide range of services to large number of university users and they implement the policy of information security recently.

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UNINFOS 2014 • Univerzitné informačné systémy (Zborník abstraktov)

UNINFOS 2014 • Univerzitné informačné systémy...

E-book

E-book

Gabriel Semanišin - Emil Hutňan - Jana Oleničová

The proceedings contain abstracts of contributions from participants of the UNIFOS 2014 conference, University Information Systems in Košice, which took place from October 27 to 29, 2014.

ICT centers are important element that provide functioning and development hardware and software infrastructure at Slovak Universities. There are more differences between them in real position, management, personal sources and financing. ICT centers provide a wide range of services to large number of university users and they implement the policy of information security recently.

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Základy astronómie a astrofyziky

Základy astronómie a astrofyziky

E-book

E-book

Rudolf Gális

The presented work provides basic knowledge of astronomy and astrophysics in a completely new multimedia format. The scope of the knowledge presented is mainly focused on stellar astrophysics and supplemented by cosmology beyond the title of the work.

A new approach in this work is the large proportion of visual materials, graphs, and video clips, contrasted with the brevity of the accompanying text. Such a form of presenting knowledge in this field is unprecedented in Slovakia, and therefore this work can be considered a completely innovative piece. It should be emphasized that the engaging form of the presented knowledge does not come at the expense of its content. The work contains all the necessary information that a physics student, especially one with a pedagogical focus, should master. The work can also be an invaluable aid to teachers in secondary and even primary schools, as well as professional astronomers in popularizing astronomical knowledge.

This suggests that the work covers a relatively wide range of needs at various institutions dealing with astronomy, from universities, through faculties of education and grammar schools, to observatories, planetariums, and astronomy clubs.

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Rizikové správanie v teórii a praxi sociálnej práce (3. ročník Košických dní sociálnej práce)

Rizikové správanie v teórii a praxi sociálnej...

E-book

E-book

Soňa Lovašová (ed.)

Proceedings of the Scientific Conference with International Participation held on November 28, 2014, in Košice

Social work is among the helping professions that can be considered highly risky from various perspectives. The clientele utilizing social services is very diverse, often consisting of individuals in extreme life situations. It is typical for help to be sought only when the client is at rock bottom. Along with other factors, this can lead to the emergence of various risky situations. The proceedings were created within the framework of the VEGA task No. 1/0332/12 titled Analysis of Selected Risk Factors of Client Violence in Social Work with an Emphasis on Prevention of Client Violence and Preparation of Social Workers - National Mapping of the Occurrence of Client Violence Against Social Workers in Slovakia. The thematic focus of the proceedings is broader, as client violence is only one of many risks in social work. In the proceedings, the reader will find 52 articles that address the riskiness of social work from many perspectives. They offer an interesting overview of theoretical foundations as well as research findings. The numerous thematic contributions indicate that the issue of risk in social work is highly relevant and that attention is paid to it in both theory and practice.

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Analýza vybraných faktorov klientskeho násilia v sociálnej práci

Analýza vybraných faktorov klientskeho násilia...

E-book

E-book

Soňa Lovašová a kol.

Violence in the workplace has been a problem that has received attention for fifty years. Client violence is one of its forms. These are cases where the aggressor is a person coming to an institution to use its services. Client violence affects all helping professions. This monograph deals with the specifics of client violence in social work.

In addition to theoretical outputs, it also offers research results conducted on a sample of 1170 respondents, frontline workers in selected entities providing services in the social field in Slovakia. The monograph represents a summary of three years of work by eight experts. Each author contributed within their area of expertise and brought a different perspective to the issue. The main aim was to bring a variety of views on the issue and attempt to combine them into a cohesive whole. Thus, a monograph was created that contains interesting theoretical foundations included in six theoretical chapters, starting with the introductory chapter on the position of client violence in the area of workplace violence.

The following chapters address the risk and riskiness of social work, ethical aspects, the personality of the social worker, and risk areas of social work. The research chapter presents the research project to the reader and three subchapters of findings processed in tables and described in detail.

The final part of the monograph deals with prevention and group work. An important part is also the appendices, which include a questionnaire battery, a program implemented for social work students, and a proposed program for workers in the social field.

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Výchova a vzdelávanie 2014: Kontexty vzdelávania a výchovy v súčasnej perspektíve

Výchova a vzdelávanie 2014: Kontexty...

E-book

E-book

Ján Juščák - Renáta OrosováZuzana Nováková

 

Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference February 5 -február 2014 6, 2014

Conference proceedings of abstracts is one of the outputs of the international scientific conference entitled Education 2014: Contexts of education in the current perspective held 5 to 6 Feb 2014 at University of Pavol Jozef Šafárika in Kosice. This conference focused on the issues of education and emphasizes the current state and prospects of educational practice, topical aspects of undergraduate teacher training, health psychology in educational practice, as well as pedagogical and psychological aspects of education in primary educational institutions in view of the broad educational community. It was aimed for scientists, young university teachers, PhD students as well as experts and teachers, to present trends in education and to stimulate discussion on topical issues presented in the field of education.

 

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K problému dichotómií v dejinách politického myslenia. (Vybrané kapitoly)

K problému dichotómií v dejinách politického...

E-book

E-book

Daniel Dobiaš

The work deals with the evolution in theory and practice of democracy, open society and humanism which is marked by dichotomy of its own progressive and regressive features. Civilization trajectory of human reality, the implementation strategy thought overlaps through a reality in the form of freedom, solidarity and human rights, formulation of normative ideas of man and his/her nature, rationalistic universalism and voluntaristic individualism created preconditions for the political background of modern societies which established democratic order with rules allowing to dispose with freedom to which the individual, as a rational being, is authorized. Moreover, the perspective of awareness of ambiguity and paradoxical content of individual parameters of democracy, open society and humanism, ideologically shaped and fixed by worldviews of economic and political elites, from our point of view, is a mirror image of how those conditions differ from the standard assumptions formulated in theory. 

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DEMOKRACIA • Stav – Kontexty – Perspektívy

DEMOKRACIA • Stav – Kontexty – Perspektívy

E-book

E-book

Gabriel Eštok - Mária Hrehová - Renáta Bzdilová (eds.)

Collection of contributions from II. year of the Student Scientific Conference held on May 17, 2013 by the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Pavel Jozef Šafárik in Košice

The collection was created on the basis of an event with a thematically defined and political science, perhaps the most frequently discussed issue of democracy. I would add that the event was also attended by doctoral students of other fields of study, who analyzed the topic of democracy from positions other than political science. I very much welcomed the fact that a contribution from the legal issues of the European Union appeared in the proceedings. Enriching the collection is also a contribution from international political issues, which sheds light on democratic rules applied in territory other than European. Other contributions focus on various aspects of the creation of a democratic political environment in Slovakia and the European Union, while several sympathetic attempts at non-traditional perspectives on the development of civil society, public and party politics appear in them.

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Zbierka úloh z fyziky elementárnych častíc

Zbierka úloh z fyziky elementárnych častíc

E-book

E-book

Marek Bombara

The collection of exercises summarises and supplements the exercises realised at the Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice within the lecture course Elementary Particle Physics. The collection is intended for the master students of the Nuclear and Subnuclear Physics subject, but it could be beneficial also for other physics subjects or even for interdisciplinary study. 

The division of chapters roughly copies the order of lectures. At the beginning, students will briefly familiarize themselves with the basics of special relativity and its practical use in particle physics.

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Fotonika

Fotonika

E-book

E-book

Gregor Bánó

Photonics is an application-oriented discipline at the interface of optics, opto-electronics and quantum optics. It includes classical optics extended by the description of physical phenomena and optical devices that rely on quantum (photon) nature of light.
The main objective of the Photonics course is to provide a comprehensive overview of essential optical and photonic phenomena routinely applied in experimental scientific research while working with various light sources (e.g. in the field of biophotonics). The first chapters are devoted to the description of light at different levels. The logical order of subsections in this part corresponds to the structure of the textbook: B. E. A. Saleh, M. C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics. The following chapters contain a description of laser operation and an overview of selected optical instruments and their applications.
The body text is complemented by practical notes on the use of theoretical knowledge during daily work in the laboratory. The course of Photonics requires a basic knowledge of mathematics, electromagnetism and optics, and thus it is recommended to students who previously passed through the courses of the Bachelor's program in Physics.

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Začínajúci učiteľ a školská legislatíva I.

Začínajúci učiteľ a školská legislatíva I.

E-book

E-book

Zuzana Boberová

The aim of this university textbook is primarily to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the basic legislative documents related to pedagogical activities and the educational work of teachers in school practice. The textbook is primarily intended for students of academic teacher training programs, as well as recent graduates of teacher education who are beginning their teaching careers.

This publication is unique in that it does not focus on specific legislative documents and their descriptions, but rather presents the meaning and wording of various legislative documents in the context of key concepts of educational activities and typical school situations. The publication does not include the full text of cited paragraphs from laws, decrees, and ministerial guidelines, but only excerpts that are relevant to the focus and needs of the textbook.

In this way, we aim to help teacher training students and beginning teachers orient themselves regarding their rights and responsibilities as defined and delineated by school legislation, and especially to help them understand the basic legislative requirements placed on every teacher in school practice. This includes participation in the preparation of the school educational program, understanding the professional development of teachers, student assessment, approaches to students with special needs, as well as handling common school situations such as disciplinary measures, school accidents, ski training, or school events.

Given the scope of these areas, we have divided the topics into two publications according to their thematic focus.

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Patočka a novoveká filozofia

Patočka a novoveká filozofia

€18.50
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Vladimír Leško - Věra SchifferováRóbert Stojka - Pavol Tholt  a kol.

Filozofické dedičstvo Jana Patočku ponúka vo svojom celku významné reflektovanie novovekého filozofického myslenia. V našich doterajších domácich historicko-filozofických skúmaniach sa však doposiaľ tejto skutočnosti venovala len veľmi malá pozornosť. Z uvedeného dôvodu je preto prirodzené, že sa chceme po prvýkrát pokúsiť o celostnejšie zachytenie Patočkovho chápania novovekej filozofie. Kolektívna monografia Patočka a grécka filozofia, ktorú sme spracovali ako prvý výstup riešenia projektu APVV, dostáva tak svoje pokračovanie v druhej monografii Patočka a novoveká filozofia. Zavŕšenie nášho úsilia bude potom predstavovať kolektívna monografia Patočka a filozofia 20. storočia.

V predkladanej práci nám ide o predstavenie rozhodujúceho odkazu novovekej filozofie v Patočkovom filozofickom diele. Význam jeho filozofickej výpovede k tomuto dejinno-filozofickému útvaru je prekvapujúco stále živým, aktuálnym filozofickým dedičstvom, bez pochopenia ktorého sa dá len veľmi ťažko komplexne uchopiť hodnota Patočkovho filozofického odkazu. Tomuto poznaniu sme podriadili ako výber, tak aj obsahové naplnenie jednotlivých kapitol našej novej práce.

Zoogeografia

Zoogeografia

€12.50
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Ľubomír Kováč

Učebný text „Zoogeografia“ objasňuje základné princípy a historický vývoj rozšírenia živočíchov na Zemi, a ďalej analyzuje faktory, ktoré ho ovplyvňujú. Vďaka moderným vedeckým metódam a technikám výskumu je zoogeografia veľmi dynamicky sa rozvíjajúcou disciplínou. Z geologických etáp je podrobnejšie spracovaná problematika paleoklimatických cyklov kvartéru, holocénu a vývoja postglaciálnej klímy, ktoré zohrali významnú úlohu pri dynamike vývoja živočíšnych areálov. Areálová analýza charakterizuje a triedi areály živočíchov a ich dynamiku v nadväznosti na speciáciu. Podrobne je spracovaná problematika zoogeografických oblastí s dôrazom na palearktickú oblasť. Časť zameraná na dynamickú zoogeografiu rieši najmä problematiku refúgií a reliktov v súvislosti s vývojom pleistocénnej paleoklímy. Text stručnou formou sumarizuje základné antropogénne faktory, ktoré v recentnej dobe drastickým spôsobom limitujú rozšírenie živočíchov v rýchlo ubúdajúcom prírodnom prostredí na Zemi. Text ďalej prehľadným spôsobom charakterizuje biogeografiu Karpát a faunu územia Slovenska. Záverečná časť prezentuje fylogeografiu ako modernú vednú disciplínu zameranú na rekonštrukciu migračných ciest v postglaciáli, ktorá je podložená analýzou molekulárnych markerov populácií živočíchov v širšom geografickom kontexte. 

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Dve úrovne vedomia: bazálne a rozvinuté vedomie

Dve úrovne vedomia: bazálne a rozvinuté vedomie

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Jozef Kafka

Význam vedomia pre každého človeka ale aj pre pozná­vanie je taký rozhodujúci, že by bolo nesprávne hovoriť o ňom iba pri psychických procesoch, lebo je jadrom ľudskej individuality a práve vedomím sa človek odlišuje od ostat­ných živých tvorov.

Je potešujúce, že nová oblasť poznávania označovaná ako veda o mysli začína sa vedomím zaoberať podrobnejšie a vylučuje tvrdenia, že vedomie nejestvuje hoci zatiaľ hovorí podľa mojej mienky iba o bazálnom vedomí a jej inter­pretácie prekračujú zistené fakty.

V svojej odbornej činnosti a aj v učebniciach som rozlišoval dve cesty poznávania vedomia a  iba postupne som si uvedomil, že mám pred sebou dva úrovne vedomia. V tejto práci  rozlišujem tieto dve úrovne:

  • bazálne vedomie,
  • rozvinuté vedomie.

Ak bazálne vedomie vyjadruje bdenie a spánok, tiež po­zornosť a gnostické rozpoznávanie, teda  idiognózia a somatognózia, rozvinuté vedomie predpokladá reč a vytvára také prejavy, ktoré označujeme ako duševné, teda identita, sebareali­záciu, čo vyjadruje schopnosť uvedomovania si seba, okolia, spoločnosti ale aj všetkého čo sme schopní poznať.

Také chápanie je blízke výkladu fyziológa Pavlova o dvoch signálnych sústavách a chápaniu Poppera o treťom sve­te ale aj ďalšie náhľady, nikto však neurobil určitejšie závery a nedošiel k náhľadu, že naše vedomie má dvojvrstevnú podobu, dve úrovne.

Napriek rozsiahlej a takmer neprehľadnej literatúre vieme o vedomí málo, okrem toho, že je to schopnosť uvedomo­vania, teda schopnosť uvedomiť si, že jestvujem, že som, že jest­vujú aj iní ľudia, že jestvuje niečo čo označujeme ako svet ako nepredstaviteľný vesmír. Uvedomujem si, že som individua­litou jedinečnou, ale limitovanou narodením a smrťou a že mám aj zmysel svojho bytia. Toto uvedomovanie, akokoľvek spo­chybňované je pre človeka prítomné v jeho poznávaní, hoci nemáme zmysly, ktorými by sme vedeli lokalizovať jeho prí­tomnosť v mozgu, ale svojou charakteristikou s dynamikou a integráciou má však duševný charakter, odlišný od    ostatných preja­vov mozgovej činnosti.

Práca sa pokúša v deviatich kapitolách osvetliť, čo sa chápe pojmom bazálne a rozvinuté vedomie    a možno ju rozdeliť do troch okruhov:

V prvých šiestich kapitolách diela hovorí o vedomí ako o doméne bytia človeka, podáva sa preto výklad vedomia a jeho rozlíšenie, potom sa hovorí o kolobehu života a rozvoji ve­domia, kladie sa otázka vedomia u stavovcov, potom náhľady filozofické a metodológia skúmania vedomia. Nasledujú ďalšie kapitoly, ktoré analyzujú podrobnejšie dve formy, úrovne vedomia, sú to kapitoly 7-9, začínajú ana­lýzou individuality človeka, lebo to je báza vedomia aj je­ho foriem, ďalej kapitoly o bazálnom vedomí a rozvinu­tom vedomí, čo považujem za jadro predkladanej práce. Napokon sa opisujú niektoré poruchy vedomia, ktoré dokladajú realitu vedomia v podobe  jej porúch ale aj možnosti rozlí­šenia dvoch úrovní, ktoré sa dajú zistiť pri starostlivom štúdiu a pri práci s chorými.

Násilie v ľudskej spoločnosti a agresia človeka

Násilie v ľudskej spoločnosti a agresia človeka

€8.36
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Jozef Kafka 

Otázky človeka, jeho bytia, násilie znepokojujú ľudí od najdávnejších čias ľudskej spoločnosti a sú nemalými problémami aj v prítomnosti. V tejto pôvodnej práci, ktorej predchádzali viaceré štúdie autora (najpodrobnejšie Kafka, 2002), sa zameriavam na opísanie násilia vo všetkých základných formách, čo je jednou z jej osobitostí. Podávam operačný výmer násilia:

Násilie je vedomá ľudská činnosť využívajúca ako prostriedok násilného činu fyzickú alebo psychickú silu na ovplyvnenie druhého človeka (pri pôsobení na seba ide o zvláštny prípad násilia), ktorý potom koná pod vplyvom tohto pôsobenia nedobrovoľne, z donútenia.

Nazdávam sa, že násilie charakterizuje určitá situácia, v ktorej sa stretávajú najmenej dvaja ľudia: aktér násilia a obeť násilia, alebo sa stretajú dvaja aktéri a jeden z nich sa zvyčajne stane obeťou. To je však osobitný prípad, ktorým sa teraz nebudem zaoberať. Ak je násilie zamerané proti vlastnej osobe, je aktér násilia súčasne aj obeťou. Aktér, ktorého osobnosť a motívy bývajú rôzne, začína násilný čin využívajúc pritom viaceré prostriedky a pôsobí nimi na druhého človeka, ktorého núti vykonávať svoju vôľu, čím sa tento stáva obeťou. Celý akt má určité následky. Napadnutý sa môže brániť tak, že násilie zvládne alebo to môže skončiť tragicky, keď násiliu podľahne. Táto relatívne jednoduchá reakcia sa stáva zložitejšou pri skupinovej forme násilia a celkom neprehľadnou pri hromadnom násilí.

Opisujem tieto základné formy násilia:

  • - násilie proti vlastnej osobe vrátane samovraždy,
  • - násilie individuálne, spôsobené jedným aktérom násilia,
  • - násilie skupinové, charakterizované malými skupinami,
  • - násilie hromadné alebo kolektívne medzi veľkými skupinami, vrátane vojen a revolúcií,
  • - násilie proti neživej a živej prírode.

Práca končí krátkou analýzou liečby násilného správania a dôsledkov násilia s možnosťami jej prevencie. Opieram sa aj o vlastné skúsenosti s prejavmi násilia v psychiatrických zariadeniach. Nazdávam sa, že je to práca veľmi aktuálna, informatívna, ale aj pôvodná, lebo podáva v koncentrovanej podobe celý rozsiahly fenomén násilia s jeho základnými charakteristikami. Podobnú prácu v našej literatúre nemáme.

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