Ortuť v životnom prostredí ako rizikový faktor zdravia

 Kvetoslava Rimárová 

The theme of the presented university textbook is a summary of selected basic knowledge of hygiene - environmental medicine. The script includes significant areas of environmental medicine as a science: the basics of environmental medicine, health and prevention issues of environmental health and risk assessment of potential exposure, the issue of air pollution, indoor pollution, problems of drinking water, the action of soil and solid waste, further issue of housing, nutrition and the impact of working conditions on health. Nutritional factors textbooks dealing with issues of rational nutrition, describe the individual components of nutrition, but also address the issue of food hygiene and the possibilities of foodborne infections. One chapter is also devoted to the impact of environmental conditions on health of children and youth. 

University textbook as a manuscript consists from 199 manuscript pages, is divided into 12 basic chapters, contains 36 citations in the literature.  In the Preface, the issue of categorization of diseases and define the basic concepts of health, prevention. Other chapters deal with the above selected chapters hygiene.

This university textbook comes as a basic university textbook for students of general  medicine in the English language, for students of bachelor's and master's studies  of medical schools - mainly bachelor's and master' program of  "Public health". Students of medicine and dentistry can also use these textbooks as an educational tool in the study of other subjects in the teaching of public health.

Autor

E-book

Iveta Cimboláková a kol.

Premisa „dnešný výskum tvorí zdravotnú starostlivosť zajtrajška“ vyjadruje význam medicínskeho výskumu a dôvod jeho vykonávania. Vedecký výskum a pokroky v biomedicínskych vedách a ich aplikácia v lekárskej praxi a v procese poskytovania zdravotnej starostlivosti, však prinášajú nové problémy v oblasti etiky. Samotný biomedicínsky výskum si vyžaduje presné definovanie hypotéz, ktoré sú overované jednak v laboratórnych podmienkach ako aj na pokusných zvieratách. Aj keď klinické štúdie na ľudských subjektoch predpokladajú prospech jednotlivým účastníkom a rozvíjajú základné biomedicínske poznatky, predsa však znamenajú aj určité riziká v závislosti od charakteru výskumu. Tieto riziká musia byť minimalizované, pričom experiment sa má vykonávať slobodne a zároveň musí prebiehať v rámci špecifických opatrení na ochranu všetkých zúčastnených, a to nielen pokusných osôb, ale aj samotných výskumníkov. Je zrejmé, že každý výskum s účasťou ľudí je nevyhnutné realizovať v súlade so všeobecne prijatými etickými princípmi ako sú prospešnosť, autonómia, spravodlivosť a neškodnosť. V biomedicínskom výskume sa princíp autonómie uplatňuje osobitne v procese slobodného informovaného súhlasu, ktorý môže účastník, či už terapeutického alebo bádateľského experimentu, kedykoľvek odvolať. Je nutné uviesť, že pokroky v medicíne sú takmer vždy spojené s výskumom na zvieratách, čo si taktiež vyžaduje zabezpečenie špecifických etických noriem a prístupov. Z etického pohľadu sú zvlášť kritizované pokusy na zvieratách vykonávané pre potreby kozmetických firiem. Významnú úlohu pri posudzovaní etických aspektov a kontrole výskumných projektov či už na zvieratách alebo na človeku, zohrávajú nezávislé etické komisie. Predložená publikácia poskytuje prehľad všeobecných podmienok a etických zásad výskumu zahrňujúceho laboratórne zvieratá a ľudské subjekty, problematiku odborného a etického posudzovania projektov ako aj podvodu a publikovania výsledkov. V súčasnosti sme svedkami nesmierneho pokroku v molekulárne-biologických vedách, čo prináša etické dilemy aj v oblasti genetiky. Z uvedeného dôvodu je jedna z kapitol venovaná najnovším poznatkom v tejto oblasti.

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Tatiana Kimáková

Vedecká monografia sa zaoberá determinantmi zdravia, zdravou výživou, jej základnými zložkami, dôsledkami nezdravej výživy a alternatívnymi trendmi vo výžive. Súčasťou práce je aj výskum zameraný na vybrané faktory životného štýlu vysokoškolákov, najmä výživu, stravovanie a pohybovú aktivitu. Vedecká monografia je vhodná pre vedeckú komunitu, študentov medicínskych, a prírodovedných odborov, verejného zdravotníctva troch stupňov vysokoškolského štúdia. Monografia je učená pre záujemcov z radov informovanej verejnosti.

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Adriana Boleková (ed.)

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Sylvia Dražilová • Laura Gombošová • Martin Janičko • Ľubomír Skladaný • Eduard Veseliny

Obsah

1. Refluxová choroba pažeráka a jej komplikácie (E.Veseliny). 17

2. Poruchy motility pažeráka (E.Veselíny)34

3. Tumory pažeráka (E.Veselíny). 45

4. Dyspepsia horného typu (E.Veselíny)53

5. Peptická vredová choroba gastroduodéna (E.Veselíny). 63

6. Nádory žalúdka (E.Veselíny)74

7. Malabsorpcia (L. Gombošová)83

8. Celiakia (L. Gombošová). 87

9. Zlyhanie tenkého čreva (L. Gombošová)92

10. Nádory tenkého čreva (L. Gombošová). 96

11. Nádory hrubého čreva a kolorektálny karcinóm (L. Gombošová). 98

12. Neuroendokrinné tumory tráviaceho traktu (L. Gombošová). 106

13. Chronické črevné zápaly- IBD inflammatory bowel diseases (L. Gombošová). 111

14. Anatómia a fyziológia pankreasu (Ľ. Skladaný). 127

15. Akútna pankreatitída (Ľ. Skladaný). 128

16. Chronická pankreatitída (Ľ. Skladaný). 146

17. Klinická výživa – Nutricionistika (Ľ. Skladaný). 160

18. Úvod do ochorení pečene (M. Janičko). 178

19. Akútne poškodenie a zlyhanie pečene (M. Janičko). 180

20. Pokročilé chronické ochorenie pečene (ACLD)/cirhóza (M. Janičko). 193

21. Vírusové hepatitídy (S.Dražilová). 221

22. Nealkoholová tuková choroba pečene (S.Dražilová). 249

23. Primárne cholestatické choroby pečene (S.Dražilová). 266

24. Alkoholová choroba pečene (M. Janičko). 279

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Ján Varga

The cancer is the second most common reason of the death in human population. lt is responsible for approximately 10 million of death every year. Oncogynecology represents · one of the most pr ogressive part of gynecology. The interest is focused on vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, uterine cancer, fallopian tube carcinoma, ovarian cancer as well as breast cancer. Due to the range of the issue there are own workplaces ta king care just for the patients with oncogyneco logical diseases. The knowledge from oncogynecology are inevitably needed to pass the state exam as well as specialization from Gynecology and obstetrics. The presented publication is focused to mentioned oncogynecological diseases. The anatomy and histology of the vulva, vagína, cervix, uterus, fallop ian tube and ovary are described in detail. Every described carcinoma contains part about etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic, classification and therapy. The paper contains information suitable for students of medical faculties as well as young doctors before specialization.

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Alžbeta Blichárová a kolektív

“Pathology Part 1 (winter semester) - Practical lessons for students of general medicine” represents the first half of the university textbook designed for the pregradual study of pathology. The textbook complements the lectures of pathology and serves as a source of information for students of general medicine, that are preparing for the practical as well as the final oral examination.

In this part of the “Pathology” series, seventy selected histopathological slides are presented. Each selected slide is provided with general information in relation to etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as with corresponding morphological features, including the gross appearance and the most important histopathological characteristics. The textbook summarizes the basic concepts of general pathology that are necessary to master the broad field of systemic pathology in the second semester.

Keywords: general pathology – histopathological slides – general medicine – gross appearance – microscopic image

E-book

Zuzana Dankulincová, Daniela Husárová, Andrea Madarasová Gecková, Jaroslava Kopčáková

Annotation: The publication entitled Health Psychology serves as background and teaching material. The text is structured to bring theoretical knowledge about the topic, current research findings in the field, and practical tips. It provides comprehensive information on key areas of the field of health psychology and is designed for students to acquire and deepen their knowledge that could be implemented in their everyday practice.

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Silvia Mišíková

This learning text deals with heart rhythm disorders. The book is intended for medical students. There are in a simple way characterized bradycardic and tachycardic heart rhythm disorders. The script explains mechanism of arrhythmias, symptoms, diagnostics, and differential diagnostics and treatment. The greatest emphasis is focused on detection of the arrhythmias based on the surface ECG. All arrhythmias are explained by clinical ECG. In conclusion, there is ECG quiz which consists of 27 clinical ECG records.

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Darina Kluchová a kol. 

At present, there is a wide range of anatomy textbooks for medical students but at the same time there is an absence of anatomy books suitable for dental students. This book was designed as a base for study of trunk and limbs for dental students which should gain a sense of anatomy structures, but they do not need know details from these regions.

The amount of information in the book was extensively discussed with colleagues from clinical departments and with anatomy specialists from Slovakia and from abroad as well. Because of serious diversity of opinions we took into consideration also opinions of our specialists from dental medicine. Final material is considered to be a key information required for future dental doctors.

Authors

Jozef Mihalik - Silvia Rybárová

Vysokoškolské učebné texty sú určené pre študentov 1. ročníka odboru Všeobecné lekárstvo, pričom pozostávajú zo všeobecnej a špeciálnej časti. Vo všeobecnej časti sa študenti oboznámia so základnými pitevnými nástrojmi a pracovným postupom používanými pri pitve ľudského tela. V špeciálnej časti je horná končatina opísaná podľa jednotlivých krajín. V tejto časti učebných textov sú podrobne opísané hranice jednotlivých oblastí, kožné rezy, ako aj podkožné a hĺbkové štruktúry ktoré sa tu nachádzajú.

E-book

Silvia Danková,Lucia Dimunová, Beáta Grešš Halász, Jana Sušinková

The present multimedia university textbook is intended for students of the bachelor's degree programme in nursing, not excluding both medical and nursing degree courses. The purpose of the present publication is to provide a comprehensive view of the nature of surgical nursing, focusing on the method of providing nursing care - the nursing process. It comprehensively describes the individual steps of perioperative nursing care and the subsequent possible complications associated with surgical procedures. Documents the depth of knowledge and skills training in chronic wound care management issues. Respects the culture of patient and healthcare professional safety. The college textbook uses e-learning methods in combination with traditional face-to-face education. Based on the latest resources, it respects the concept of health care delivery and professional training of nurses.

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Mária Mareková a kol. 

Medical biochemistry is integral parts of basic theoretic knowledge of contemporary graduate at medical faculties. This textbook intends to help the undergraduate students of study branches General Medicine and Dental Medicine for the course of “Medical Biochemistry”. It is structured into 10 chapters concerning several topics: enzymology, cells membrane, metabolism, biochemistry of blood and organs, as well as some parts of clinical biochemistry.

The theoretical knowledge of this subject, which student obtains in the lectures, is verified in laboratory practices and is expanded in seminaries. Our selection of topics makes the text especially appropriate for medical students and managing of problems gives the students satisfactory ground for effective study of medical biochemistry and other related study subjects (e.g. clinical biochemistry, physiology, pathophysiology) in the sense of comprehension of relative continuity and interdependence of biochemical process or their function respectively.

Since the textbook brings only the skeleton survey on the biochemical problematic concerning medicine, students should broaden presented facts by additional study from lectures and/or from other sources. We expect this study literature to serve as a basic study material for mentioned medical study branches for preparation to written part of exam from “Medical Biochemistry”.

Authors

E-book

Štefan Tóth

Dyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted, leading to changes in therapeutic recommendations for dyslipidemia. These scripts aim to provide readers in the introductory chapters with information on the basic management of patients with dyslipidemia, procedures, target levels, and available medications and their combinations for achieving target levels, focusing on the practical aspect of dyslipidemia treatment. In the special section of the script, an overview is provided of the basic characteristics, studies of individual available hypolipemics, as well as hypolipemics that are not yet on our market or are still in the stage of clinical trials

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Erik Dosedla

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Peter Berek 

S vývojom endovaskulárnej chirurgie dochádza postupne k rozvoju stentingu ACI. Minimálne invazívny prístup spravil túto metodiku vhodnú pre pacientov s vážnymi konkomitatnými kardiálnymi alebo pľúcnymi ochoreniami. Ďalšou výhodou v porovnaní s chirurgickou liečbou bol lepší prístup k ACI u pacientov po rádioterapii, po predchádzajúcich operáciách na krku, ale aj u pacientov so stenózami blízko lebečnej bázy. Porovnanie CEA vs CAS je zaujímavou a diskutabilnou témou mnohých štúdií. Avšak, aj napriek celosvetovému mohutnému rozvoju endovaskulárnej liečby karotická endarterektómia ostáva zlatým štandardom liečby stenózy ACI u symptomatických aj asymptomatických pacientov.

V tejto monografii by sme radi akcentovali a systematizovali problematiku chirurgickej prevencie CMP z pohľadu cievneho chirurga.