Výchova a vzdelávanie 2014: Kontexty vzdelávania a výchovy v súčasnej perspektíve

Vladimír Lichner • Dušan Šlosár a kol.

It is very difficult to refer to any act of extremism or action having extremist characteristics, or to exclude it unambiguously. The boundary between extremism and accepted, conformal behavior is very broad and vaguely worded. Each company tends to set certain criteria to determine what can be considered as unwanted, violent, radical or extreme, or what signs of such a manifestation do not have. Therefore, when comparing the individual countries of the European Union in this area, we come across a different definition of what is or is not considered to be radical or extremist. In essence, the level of tolerance to some of the manifestations and the setting of indicators for the evaluation of the proceedings as extremist.

The presented monograph aims to present the basic social contexts of extremism and radicalization in the form of their philosophical and theoretical backgrounds, influencing the factors, the basic directions. In the author's work, the authors focus on the target group of adolescents, which they consider to be one of the most endangered groups in society in terms of development of the radicalization process. At the conclusion of the monograph is also offered the criminal level of these phenomena, which is not unavoidable in terms of complex analysis.

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Iveta Bónová - Ivica Hajdučeková - Lucia Jasinská (eds.)

The proceedings maps three significant events organised in 2018 – 2019 within the project KEGA No. 008UPJŠ-4/2017 Science without barriers (Interdisciplinary inspirations of contemporary literary scholarship and linguistics in university educational practice; principal investigator prof. PhDr. J. Gbúr, CSc.) at the Department of Slovak Studies, Slavonic Philologies and Communication, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice.

The first activity was a scholarly and artistic symposium Science without barriers held in March 6 – 8, 2019 on the occassion of the 80^th birthday of Dr. h. c. prof. PhDr. Ján Sabol, DrSc. It brought extended abstracts of participants in two sections (Slovak studies and literary scholarship in interdisciplinary contexts) as its outcome. The next two parts describe artistically oriented events: Interpretational afternoon (a competition for the best interpretation of Ján Sabol´s book of verse Love in Blue) with the winning works added, and the vernissage Literature through an objective lens with the share of students of the School of Industrial Visual Arts in Košice.

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Beata Gajdošová

Nedá sa byť v kontakte s prístupom orientovaným na človeka a nebyť ním ovplyvnený. Carl Random Rogers bol a je vnímaný aj v súčasnosti ako jeden z najvplyvnejších psychológov 20. storočia (Cook, et al., 2009). Ako prvý psychológ bol počas svojho života odmenený Americkou psychologickou asociáciou dvakrát; v roku 1957 za prínos vo výskume na poli psychoterapie a v roku 1973 za význačný profesionálny prínos. Vyvinul vlastný psychoterapeutický prístup, terapiu zameranú na klienta, kde na rozdiel od existujúcich psychoterapeutických prístupov má liečivú silu samotný vzťah medzi klientom a terapeutom a nie aplikujúca metóda. Rogers a jeho spolupracovníci boli prví, ktorí nahrali, prepísali a spublikovali kompletné prípady terapeutických rozhovorov a spustili systematický výskum na poli psychoterapie. Použitím pojmu klient namiesto pacient s hľadaním zdrojov zmeny vo vnútri človeka vytvoril nemedicínsky model pomoci ako súčasť pomáhajúcich profesií (Capuzzi, Gross, 2001). Rogersom vytvorená teória self je teóriou, ktorá je vkladaná do mnohých súčasných textov psychológie (Cloninger, 2003; Feist, Feist, 2001; Ryckman, 2004).

Rogers radikálne ovplyvnil chápanie a poslanie psychoterapie; hlavne chápanie vzťahu medzi terapeutom a klientom. Vníma klienta ako toho, kto má v sebe potenciál zmeny, sily podporujúce rozširovanie a rast a najlepšie rozumie svojmu vnútornému svetu. Terapeut, poradca je ten, ktorý sa snaží vytvoriť prostredníctvom vzťahu bezpečné prostredie pre zmenu klienta, pre možnosť prejavenia sa vnútorným silám rastu a zrenia sídliacich v každom človeku. Bezpečné prostredie, tzn. samotný terapeutický vzťah porozumenia, bezpodmienkového prijatia a vnútornej harmónie terapeuta, ak je takto vnímaný aj klientom, je liečivý a je prostriedkom zmeny osobnosti klienta.

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Vladimír Leško - Věra Schifferová - Róbert Stojka - Pavol Tholt  a kol.

Filozofické dedičstvo Jana Patočku ponúka vo svojom celku významné reflektovanie novovekého filozofického myslenia. V našich doterajších domácich historicko-filozofických skúmaniach sa však doposiaľ tejto skutočnosti venovala len veľmi malá pozornosť. Z uvedeného dôvodu je preto prirodzené, že sa chceme po prvýkrát pokúsiť o celostnejšie zachytenie Patočkovho chápania novovekej filozofie. Kolektívna monografia Patočka a grécka filozofia, ktorú sme spracovali ako prvý výstup riešenia projektu APVV, dostáva tak svoje pokračovanie v druhej monografii Patočka a novoveká filozofia. Zavŕšenie nášho úsilia bude potom predstavovať kolektívna monografia Patočka a filozofia 20. storočia.

V predkladanej práci nám ide o predstavenie rozhodujúceho odkazu novovekej filozofie v Patočkovom filozofickom diele. Význam jeho filozofickej výpovede k tomuto dejinno-filozofickému útvaru je prekvapujúco stále živým, aktuálnym filozofickým dedičstvom, bez pochopenia ktorého sa dá len veľmi ťažko komplexne uchopiť hodnota Patočkovho filozofického odkazu. Tomuto poznaniu sme podriadili ako výber, tak aj obsahové naplnenie jednotlivých kapitol našej novej práce.

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Peter Fedoročko (eds.)

From June 14 to June 17, 2022, the 8th annual Spring School for Doctoral Students at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice will take place in Liptovský Ján. The scientific program of the spring school will comprise 3 plenary lectures by leading scientific experts and 1 workshop. Doctoral students will present their research papers in two sections: 22 doctoral students of Faculty of Public Administration, Faculty of Law and Faculty of Arts, and 26 doctoral students of Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science. The scientific programme of the spring school will also include a panel discussion with the management of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice.

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Eugen Andreanský

Predložená monografia si kladie za cieľ kriticky zmapovať chápanie pojmu možných svetov. Prvá kapitola opisuje formovanie sémantiky možných svetov, spolu s naznačením niektorých problémov, ktoré so sebou prináša a ktoré prenikavým spôsobom odhaľoval predovšetkým W. V. O. Quine. V ďalších dvoch kapitolách sa práca zameriava na modernejšie názory na povahu možných svetov, pričom hlavná pozornosť je venovaná dichotómii medzi posibilistickým a aktualistickým prístupom k otázke modalít, popri ktorom je nevyhnutné posúdiť aj iné rozlíšenia (esencializmus - antiesencializmus, realizmus - redukcionizmus (príp. ersatzimus či fikcionalizmus), naturalizmus - nenaturalizmus a pod.). Zvýšená pozornosť je v práci špeciálne venovaná posibilizmu D. Lewisa a aktualistickým koncepciám S. Kripkeho, A. Plantingu, R. M. Adamsa, N. Reschera, D. Armstronga a J. Hintikku. Neštandardný prístup k problematike možných svetov je zachytený vo štvrtej kapitole. Tá je predovšetkým venovaná významnej koncepcii Jaaka Hintikku, ktorá pracuje s pojmom epistemických možných svetov a dokumentuje príklon k modifikácii a relativizácii modálneho diskurzu. Záver poskytuje zhodnotenie diskusie, ktorá sa dotýka hlavných problémov spätých s úvahami o možných svetoch. V predkladanej monografii sú objasnené niektoré reprezentatívne koncepcie možných svetov, resp. možných indivíduí a je v nej naznačený celkový postup od posudzovania možných svetov ako ideálnych logických konštruktov cez ich relativizáciu prostredníctvom oddelených oblastí indivíduí pre jednotlivé svety a ďalej prostredníctvom vzťahu dosiahnuteľnosti až k finančným, nemožným a neštandardným možným svetom.

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Ivica Hajdučeková - Iveta Bónová

https://unibook.upjs.sk/en/filozoficka-fakulta/995-masa-halamova-in-the-dar-cerveny-mak-smrt-tvoju-zijem-triad.html

The first personal monograph, On the Lyrical Triptych of Maša Haľamová (Life and Work), by co-authors Ivica Hajdučeková and Iveta Bónová, presents the results of archival research and analytical-interpretative insights into the structure of poetic texts. Life events at key points (V znamení osmičiek, Domov na brehu jazera, V ruchu redakčnej práce, Fáza po Mladých letách) are reconstructed based on autobiographical memories, archival documents, personal correspondence, as well as unpublished or published articles and interviews. An intriguing perspective on the author´s work is offered by self-referential notes and a reconstruction of opinions on her poetics and the artistic value of her poetry from the years 1928 – 2017, as expressed by contemporary and modern literary critics. The reconstruction of the genesis of the poem Dar (Gift), which relates to her connections with A. Kostolný and E.B. Lukáč, revealed the underpinnings of poetic inspiration and confirmed the productivity of archival research and exegetical methods. The analytical-interpretative insight into lyrical triptych Dar – Červený mak – Smrť tvoju žijem, realized through a spectrum of differentiated spirituality and the method of hermeneutic reading with an emphasis on the function of polyvocality, demonstrated that meta-empirical reality is shaped through natural imagery and the function of allusion. Across the three poetry collections, the lyrical parable and the process of spiritualization or spiritual growth of the lyrical subject are depicted, emblemized by the red poppy, blooming limber pine, and flowering moss. In conjunction with the analysis of the rhythmic-melodic structure of free yet phonetically organized verse – utilizing not only the folkloric inspirations of folk songs and ballads but also the religious tradition of spiritual hymns, prayers, and psalms – which confirmed that the poet´s sense and sensitivity for the „colourfulness“ of sounds and the „melodiousness“ of tones contributed to the architectural formation of the final form. This form is inseparably infused with the meta-empirical dimension of spirituality (eisos – eidos – Logos).

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Renáta Orosová

The scientific and professional journal Edukácia focuses on issues related to education and upbringing in the areas of primary, secondary, and higher education. It emphasizes the current state and perspectives of educational practice, contemporary aspects of undergraduate teacher training, social pedagogy, special pedagogy, as well as pedagogical and psychological aspects of education in basic educational institutions from the perspective of a broad pedagogical public. The journal is intended for researchers, young university teachers, doctoral students, as well as professional and pedagogical staff with the aim to present trends in education and stimulate discussion on current issues within these areas of education.

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Lenka Lukáčová • Eva Žiaková

The burnout syndrome in the simplest sense is a state of total physical and psychological exhaustion. Its cyclical course may be misleading, often underestimated and neglected on the part of a burned-out individual, as well as by its surroundings. The neglection of warning signals strengthens the field of its occurrence and impact.

Helping professions are characterized by a number of specificities, including phenomenom associated with frequent and intense contact with "unknown" people. In addition to the many positive aspects, work with people also involves burnout syndrome. This is a very unpleasant "experience" with possible devastating effects on a potentially highly effective expert. Burning syndrome affects ot those people who practice their profession with a high intellectual and emotional attitude. The central interest of the helping profession is man in his bio-psycho-socio-spiritual unity. The helping worker in relation to client acts as the main tool and must be able to act against each client / patient not only in the context of these components but also in the context of their individuality. The Combination of lack of social support, inadequate motivation, or dissatisfaction with the work environment, these determinants can lead to the onset of burnout syndrome, which many times represents a treacherous gap that makes  lot of difficulties and can last for several years.

Monography is one of the methods with which we strive to draw attention to the problem of burnout syndrome in the performance of a helping profession. Based on this, we have focused on determining the frequency of occurrence of burnout syndrome in assisting professions based on predetermined risk factors (specific profesion, length of practice, motivators) in order to verify, confirm or refute  predefined factors. The subject of this research was also to examine the correlation between the aforementioned factors, the quality of professional life and the strategies for managing stress and stress situations. The monography is intended for helping profesions e.g. social workers, nurses, doctors etc. We also believe that, this monography will be also benefit for a wider range of helping professions, as well for all those involved in the his problematics.

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Katarína Gajdošová,Lucia Jasinská

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Iveta Bónová - Marián Gladiš (eds.)

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Soňa Lovašová - Veronika Bérešová (eds.)

Reviewed proceedings from the scientific conference with international participation held on December 1, 2023, in Košice.

This proceedings volume collects contributions from the 11th annual conference focused on adolescents, reflecting current interdisciplinary issues faced by this age group. It consists of 12 scholarly contributions addressing various aspects of adolescent life, including loneliness, risky behavior, and the phenomenon of radicalization. The contributions are organized into thematic sections, facilitating easier navigation for readers. Topics include prevention of radicalization, family factors, and mechanisms of cyberbullying. The proceedings offer both theoretical and practical insights valuable for professionals in social work, psychology, and other helping professions, aiming to enhance understanding of the current challenges faced by adolescents and propose effective solutions.

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Róbert Stojka

Cieľom predkladanej monografie je predovšetkým čo najkomplexnejšie predstaviť Patočkov koncept filozofie dejín, aj keď si uvedomujem, že to vôbec nie je ľahká úlo-ha, nielen preto, ako už bolo spomenuté, že v súčasnosti neexistuje rozsiahlejšia a vyčerpávajúca práca k tejto téme. Existuje síce pomerne veľké množstvo štúdií , venovaných Patočkovmu konceptu filozofie dejín, žiadna z nich však neskúma tento koncept komplexným pohľadom, ako určitý celok – zväčša sú zamerané na niektoré parciálne problémy (a nie je ich málo), vyplývajúce z tohto konceptu. Aj tento fakt, mimochodom, je pre mňa samého dôkazom toho, že ide jednoznačne o veľmi náročnú tému.

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Tatiana Žiaková • Dušan Šlosár

The last decade marks not only the average life expectancy increase in healthy population, but also life expectancy increase in group of people with intellectual disorders/disabilities. Due to their diagnosis that defines and classifies them into specific categories, people with intellectual disability are finding themselves in a constant confrontation with obstacles negatively affecting the saturation of their existential needs. It creates mostly educational, social, cultural, psycho-social and economical disadvantage in the context of their lives. Consequently, their active potential is weakened, making it unable for them to influence public affairs in society from a position of an adult or elderly citizen. Building up on this condition, the focus of this monograph is on understanding and explanation of prevailing concept of social inclusion and related concepts of social exclusion. These concepts influence the way we tend to define and think about the character of society, as such.

Simultaneously, we are examining that the quality of coexistence between dominant population and people with intellectual disabilities is dependent on the development of attitudes and opinions of major population towards this specific minority. These attitudes reflect the extent of social tolerance and at the same time serve as a quantification of moral values and equity in the society, whether it concerns any type of small everyday help or professional and institutionalised long-term support.

This monograph focuses on presenting professional care for people with mental disability in form of social services as a dominant type of support in our local environment. We show that the quality of social services inevitably depends on degree of professional competences social workers possess. The significance of professional competences social workers are capable of using is reflected in the degree of the competence and adequacy of their performance. The primary aim, in relation to which professional competences should be accustomed, is to enhance meaningfulness and dignity in life of mentally disabled receivers of the social services.

Competences of social workers are a dynamic phenomenon that modifies along the development of society and also with the frequently altering needs of people with intellectual disability as receivers of the social service. For this reason we designed the presented research to reflect our goal to reappraise the scope of professional competences and define the required professional functions of social workers working with people with intellectual disability. This monograph is dedicated not only to professionals working with this group of people but also aims at answering basic questions to practical issues that families with a intellectualy disabled member are coming into contact with.

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Vladimír Leško - Katarína Mayerová (eds.)

Hlavným cieľom predkladanej práce je snaha o zachytenie rozhodujúceho spôsobu Heideggerovho filozofického chápania ústredného problému gréckej filozofie, problému bytia, v učeniach Anaximandra, Herakleita, Parmenida, Platona a Aristotela. Autori jednotlivých častí predstavili svoje vlastné chápanie Heideggera a jeho osobitú filozofickú recepciu gréckej filozofie. V tomto kontexte je potrebné konštatovať, že autori sami hľadali svoj vlastný uhol pohľadu. Pri Heideggerovej tvorbe vôbec platí, že nájsť rovnaký interpretačný súzvuk je takmer nemožné. To zároveň platí aj pre jeho recepciu gréckeho dedičstva. O to viac však odborne provokuje ďalšie filozofické skúmania.

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