Regionalizmus: Stav, východiská, perspektívy

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Adam Giertl (ed.)

Collection of Papers from the 9th Annual Student Symposium on International and European Law held on April 22, 2016 at the Faculty of Law, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice

As indicated by the very title of the 9th Annual Student Symposium on International and European Law, “Current Issues of Migration from the Perspective of International Law with Special Regard to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union,” the participants focused on the highly topical subject of European migration, which they examined from various aspects of both international and Union law (a total of 9 contributions).

In assessing the role of individual actors primarily involved in addressing the problems arising from migration to Europe, particular emphasis was placed on the role of international specialized organizations, which often provide direct assistance to migrants “in the field” through humanitarian or medical aid. However, this is not the only response of the international community, as it is complemented by the activities of the concerned states as well as various non-governmental organizations and volunteers. Regarding the evaluation of the European Union’s activities, the symposium participants agreed that the mass migration wave caught the EU relatively unprepared—institutionally, legislatively, and technically—accompanied by a lack of clarity in adopting a fundamental approach to this reality.

It was also emphasized that these shortcomings occurred despite the fact that developments in the preceding period clearly signaled the possibility of gradual migration to the European Union escalating into a mass phenomenon. According to the participants, additional ex post and sometimes delayed measures adopted in response to the ongoing migration process contributed to an overall increase in political tension within the EU and divided its member states into opposing camps.

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Radomír Jakab - Tibor Seman - Lukáš Jančát

The concept of a transterritorial administrative act is relatively new in administrative law, especially in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. It has practical applicability to the application of European Union law (including international law). Its essence lies in the fact that the effects of such an administrative act issued within one Member State exceed the territory of that Member State, have effects in other Member States, in all Member States of the European Union without being subject to the recognition process.

The purpose of the monograph is to present outputs of the scientific examination of this type of administrative acts, the definition of its characteristics and its effects, the examination of the possibilities of procedural defense against its effects by the State concerned, and possibly the possibility of unifying the action of the Member States of the European Union in case of procedural defense against the effects of transterritorial administrative acts. The monograph also contains analysis of certain types of transterrritorial administrative acts that are commonly used in the conditions of the European union and Slovak republic; they are also categorized under specific criteria.,

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Adam Giertl (ed.)

Proceedings of the Student Symposium on International Law and European Law held on April 28, 2017, at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice

The Student Symposium is regularly organized by the Institute of International Law and European Law, and in 2017, it marked the jubilee tenth edition of the symposium, which over time expanded its focus to include European law.

The tradition of holding student symposia is also associated with the good practice of preparing proceedings from each event. Understandably, the tenth edition is no exception, and thus, the tenth edition of the symposium proceedings is now available to readers. In previous years, the symposium has always focused on specific areas of international and European law. Thus, the subjects of study for symposium participants have included migration issues (2016), the protection of cultural values (2015), and the challenges of cyberspace (2013).

This year, given that it is the jubilee tenth edition, the symposium organizers have chosen to approach the symposium's focus thematically and recall some significant milestones in the development of international law that occurred in years ending with the number seven.

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Adrián Popovič  - Jozef Sábo

Reviewed proceedings from the student symposium organized on the occasion of IV. Slovak-Czech days of tax law.

The International Scientific Conference IV. Slovak-Czech days of tax law was held 16th - 18th June 2021 in Košice (Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice). On this occasion, a student symposium on the topic: "Current Challenges of Tax Law" was organized for students of the Pavol Jozef Šafárik University Faculty of Law in Košice on 15th June 2021. The focus of the symposium was chosen due to the content of the grant project APVV-19-0124 entitled "Tax law and new phenomena in the economy (digital services, shared economy, virtual currencies)", which is currently being addressed at the Department of Financial Law, Tax Law and Economy, Faculty of Law, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. The output of this symposium is a reviewed proceeding of papers, in which students focus on examining the current challenges of tax law. In this context, students examine not only the current challenges in the field of real estate tax and the introduction of taxation based on their market value of real estate, the decision-making of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the field of direct taxation and indirect taxation, but also new and extremely current taxation issues of cryptoactive (virtual currency) taxation, not only in the Slovak Republic but also in the world. The authors also assess in detail the current situation in the research area, and they also present de lege ferenda proposals that could contribute to the development and improvement of several aspects of taxation, which is a benefit not only for legal science but also for application practice.

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Valéria Ružičková (ed.)

Proceedings of the XIVth Student Symposium on International Law and European Law.

For the XIV Year of Student Symposium on International Law and European Law under the topic „Artificial Intelligence from the Perspective of Law“, students of the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Science prepared several papers regarding current questions related to the ongoing development of the artificial intelligence. From the legal point of view, the papers regard the importance of the artificial intelligence in human activities in space, its impact on fundamental rights, development of new human rights in relation to its application in healthcare and nursing care as well as personal data protection while making use of the artificial intelligence.

Apart from the papers concerning the artificial intelligence from the legal perspective, two of the papers regard the artificial intelligence from the scientific perspective, explaining the importance of the artificial intelligence in localization in indoor environment as well as its importance in prediction of healthcare costs.

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E-publication

Karin Cakoci-Ladislav Hrabčák

The proceedings of student papers from the V. Annual Student Symposium represent a collection of analytical and comparative studies in the fields of tax policy, public finance, and financial law, reflecting the current challenges of the Slovak and European economies. The authors (students) focus on a wide range of topics – from considerations regarding the reintroduction of inheritance tax in Slovakia, through issues of tax evasion and abuse of law in taxation, to measures aimed at public finance consolidation. The authors (students) in their contributions also analyse practical aspects of tax administration, such as tax enforcement proceedings, case law concerning the burden of proof, and the financing of civic associations through tax assignation mechanisms. Particular attention is paid to modern challenges of tax policy, including the taxation of digital giants, financial transaction tax, and the regulation of crypto-asset service provision in the V4 countries. The proceedings also highlight the connection between tax instruments, the financing of cultural institutions, and the broader social context of public expenditures. The publication thus offers a comprehensive overview of current trends and perspectives in the field of taxation and public finance within the conditions of the Slovak Republic and the European Union.
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Žofia Mrázová Natália Kalinák

On November 28, 2025, the Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law, in cooperation with the Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law of the Faculty of Law at UPJŠ in Košice, organized the 10th anniversary student symposium focused on commercial law, labor law, and IT law. The symposium, entitled "Decision-making practice of judicial authorities in private law II," built on the success of the previous year and once again provided students with an opportunity to showcase their analytical skills and legal creativity. The symposium was prepared as part of the APVV-23-0331 scientific project "Integration of the Capital Markets Union: Changes in Corporate Financing and the Rescue of Commercial Companies in Financial Difficulties."

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Marcel Dolobáč - Ľuboš Dobrovič (eds.)

Reviewed Proceedings of Contributions from a Scientific Conference

This reviewed collection of contributions from the scientific e-conference Legal Language in Application Practice, held from December 3 to 21, 2018, presents various academic contributions.

Legal language, as expressed in legal norms, is specific and should ideally be unambiguous, concise, and resistant to multiple interpretations. Is this an ideal world that does not exist but is worth striving for? Interpretative challenges and ambiguities in legal language and terminology (especially in the Labour Code) led the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law at UPJŠ in Košice to undertake the VEGA grant project No. 1/0526/17 titled Linguistic and Sanction Mechanisms in the Creation and Operation of Labour Law Norms.

As part of this grant project, the department organized an e-conference open not only to labor law specialists but also to experts from other legal fields. Unsurprisingly, interpretative issues extend beyond labor law. The contributions in this collection are thus somewhat interdisciplinary, though with a focus on labor law. We hope this collection serves as an introduction to broader research and deeper study of legal language by experts beyond legal theory. Additionally, we trust these contributions will inspire you, the readers.

Authors

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Ľudmila Pošiváková -  Zuzana Antošová - Milan Kočan (eds.)

Proceedings from the Student Debate held on April 24, 2013, at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice.

In the current period, the rule of law is widely debated both at the academic and political levels. This debate is not only related to the effort to establish the Rule of Law in states that have transitioned from socialist to democratic systems but also in states experiencing various unrests, whether political or religious.

However, it is not just a debate about certain characteristics of the Rule of Law that are missing in domestic law or at the level of international law, but also a debate about the very definition and meaning of the Rule of Law. The rule of law can be likened to an ideal that almost every state strives to achieve. Even in the case of the establishment of the independent Slovak Republic, the framers decided to include among the introductory provisions, which should form the core of the constitution, that the Slovak Republic is a state governed by the rule of law.

However, to achieve the ideal of the rule of law, it is necessary not only to declare it but also to adopt measures essential for an independent judiciary, democracy, the effective enforcement of human rights, the separation of powers, and many other elements that characterize a state governed by the rule of law.

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Ján Klučka - Ľudmila Elbert

The present monograph "Regionalism and its Contribution to General International Law" was written at the Institute of European Law and Department of International Law, Faculty of Law, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, as a part of the project (APVV-O823-11) carried out in 2011-2015, representing one of its final publication utputs. 

The main reason for choosing the topic was to evaluate regionalism in its various relationships and forms with respect to international law, and also to evaluate the place,importance and duties of international law in respect to the establishment and functioning of various forms of regionalgroups.

It is a fact that even though a lot of attention has been paid to regionalism, a more complex evaluation of the impact it has had on international law, and vice versa, is still lacking. The efforts of the present monograph are to partially eliminate this gap.

After giving a brief insight into how regionalism has developed, its content and terminology, the monograph studies in more details individual types of regionalism in the form of old and new regionalism, as well as treaty and institutional regionalism; its specifications and contributions to the international law.

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Radomír Jakab - Peter Molitoris

Predkladaná učebnica má slúžiť ako učebná pomôcka v pedagogickom procese v rámci študijných predmetov zameraných na správne právo procesné. Z hľadiska štruktúry a obsahových náležitostí reflektuje požiadavky, ktoré sú požadované pre účely postupových skúšok a štátnej skúšky na Právnickej fakulte a Fakulte verejnej správy Univerzity Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach. Rovnako, je využiteľným zdrojom informácií aj pre potreby štúdia na iných právnických fakultách v rámci Slovenskej republiky. V neposlednom rade, môže byť vhodnou pomôckou i pre aplikačnú prax, a to tak na orgánoch verejnej správy, na súdoch, ako aj pre advokátov prichádzajúcich do styku so správnym konaním.

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Erik Štenpien

This university textbook named "The World History of State and Law" serve as teaching aid to Students of 1. year-class of Faculty of Law. He addicted to history of state and law of oriental despoties and chosen states of ancient Greece. Exactly interpreted the law history of medieval and feudal states and cities and institutes of medieval law with the accent to civil law. Next he interpreted the history of constitutions of the european states (Netherland, Poland, Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy) and USA, also the modern law of 19. Century. A special chapter deals with the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 and the system of treaties adopted during it.

At the end he interpreted the legal history of chosen states of Europe and USA - state system with the accent to type of the regime (democracy, dictature).

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Ladislav Orosz - Diana Horňáková - Patrik Mário Čerňanský

This scientific proceedings volume serves as the final joint publication output of essentially the entire research team of the aforementioned scientific project. It consists of contributions presented at the scientific seminar The Constitution of the Slovak Republic and Its Perspectives. Improving the Constitutional Text and Increasing the Authority of the Slovak Constitution – A Real Possibility or a Naive Illusion? held from November 23 to 25, 2022, at the training and educational facility of UPJŠ in Košice, Danišovce. The final form of the contributions emerged from the constructive scientific discourse that accompanied the entire course of this seminar.

The content of this scientific proceedings volume, which we offer not only to the broad (especially legal-political) professional public but also primarily to Slovak constitution makers, includes, alongside contributions from members of the research team and invited guests, the literary debut works of doctoral students from the organizing Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ and the Department of Public Law Disciplines of the Faculty of Public Administration of UPJŠ in Košice. These works thematically correspond to the tasks addressed within the aforementioned scientific project “Constitutional Activity of the National Council of the Slovak Republic (Legal-Political Analysis – Evaluation – Perspectives).”

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Marcel Dolobáč - Monika Seilerová (eds.)

The Proceedings presents papers from international scientific conference The Employees health care held on 6th and 8th June 2018 in High Tatras and is published as a partial outcome of the implementation of the project APVV-16- 0002 - Mental Health in the Workplace and Employee Health Assessment.

Pri hodnotení informačného veku sa ťažko uhýba streľbe fráz. Moderné technológie, internet, smartfóny, komunikačná technológia, či sociálne siete zmenili rytmus života na nepoznanie a svojim dosahom prekvapili aj samotných tvorcov. Možno takéto strohé hodnotenie znie až priveľmi povedome, snáď ako mnohokrát vyslovená fráza, ale je vskutku pravdivé. Rýchlo, obratom, hneď. ASAP. Heslá dnešnej doby. Pracovný život nevynímajúc. Namiesto uľahčenia práce a možnosti zosúladenia pracovného a rodinného života, čo je stále nenaplneným snom modelu flexikurity, moderné technológie prepletajú voľný čas s tým pracovným a nedokážu ich od seba oddeliť. Zamestnávateľ prostredníctvom emailu kladie požiadavky na neustálu online zapojenosť, z jeho pohľadu odpoveď možno zaberie iba pár minút, ale pripravený máme byť takmer vždy. Výsledkom je nezdravý, nadmerný, ba neustály stres. Stres sa stal takým fenoménom nového pracovného sveta, že mladí uchádzači o prácu sa vzájomne predbiehajú v tom, že práve oni vedia pracovať pod stresom, bez obáv zvládajú stresové situácie, dokonca majú stres radi, vyhľadávajú ho a túžia v stresovom prostredí pracovať. Nuž, nevedia, nezvládajú a netúžia ... ak, iba dočasne.

Nové stresové faktory sú predmetom skúmania nielen prírodných vied, najmä medicíny, ale aj humanitných vedných odborov, vrátane psychológie a práva. Autor tohto predhovoru s potešením konštatuje, že viacerí odborníci z týchto tieto zdanlivo vzdialených odborov sa stretli na spoločnej konferencii pod gesciou grantovej úlohy APVV-16-0002 Duševné zdravie na pracovisku a posudzovanie zdravotnej spôsobilosti zamestnanca a vzájomne si vymieňali poznatky a myšlienky. Vzájomná interdisciplinárna interakcia sa stáva základom pre nové poňatie problematiky a inšpiratívne metódy skúmania.

Zborník predstavuje výsledky prednesov prezentovaných na spoločnej konferencii s názvom Starostlivosť o zdravie zamestnancov, ktorá sa konala v dňoch 6. až 8. júna 2018 v Hornom Smokovci, vo Vysokých Tatrách. Veríme, že jeho obsah zaujme a podnieti i vás, čitateľov.

JUDr. Marcel Dolobáč, PhD.

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Jana Žuľová

Proceedings of the Second Annual Student Symposium on Labor Law held on May 12–13, 2017 in Danišovce

The presented proceedings are the result of scientific works by students of the Faculty of Law at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and are systematically divided into two parts.

The first part presents interdisciplinary intersections of linguistics and labor law in its creation, interpretation, and application. The second part addresses the issue of targeting the addressees of labor law norms through various sanction mechanisms. The proceedings include a questionnaire compiled by the researchers of a grant project, aimed at determining whether and in which aspects the Labor Code diverges from its addressees in terms of linguistic and stylistic processing. Indeed, there is no other legal norm that is closer to the participants of labor relations, and whose understanding at the highest possible level is justified by its everyday use.

The presented proceedings thus serve as a means of expanding the horizons of our students beyond their regular studies and as a tool for popularizing scientific research. In case of interest, the completed questionnaire can be sent to: jana.zulova (@) upjs.sk.

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Žofia Mrázová -  Natália Kalinák (eds.)

The Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law in cooperation with the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law and the Department of International Law and European Law of the Faculty of Law of the University of Applied Sciences in Košice organized the IXth annual student symposium, this time on commercial, labour and private international law. The student symposium under the title Decision-making practice of judicial authorities in private law took place on 29 November 2024 at the premises of the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice. The symposium was prepared within the framework of the scientific projects APVV-23-0331 “Integration of the Capital Markets Union: change of corporate financing and rescue of companies in financial difficulties” and APVV-21-0336 “Analysis of judicial decisions by artificial intelligence methods.”

This year was exceptional in that the organizers of the event decided to change the usual concept of preparing and presenting a professional article on a chosen topic. This time the students chose interesting decisions of the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court or the Court of Justice of the European Union. They concentrated on working with one particular decision, which they analysed in detail and drafted a gloss - an expert explanation or commentary on the chosen decision. Their task consisted of a brief presentation of the facts, identification of the legal questions that the judicial authorities sought to answer, a legal analysis of the problem addressed, and an assessment of the significance of the decision for the practice of application. In their analyses, the students dealt with topical issues such as the joint action of a proxy and a member of the body, the consequences of a breach of the pre-emptive right, or the repugnancy of an agreement on the division of the community of property of the spouses. In employment law, decisions were presented concerning the right of the father of a child to a breastfeeding break or the wearing of symbols at work. In the section on private international law, the case law on cross-border relocation of the seat as well as on the choice of international jurisdiction of the courts was analysed.

The present proceedings consist of written outputs of students from this event. We are delighted that the students again this year approached their task with enthusiasm and conscientiousness. Finally, our sincere thanks go to all those who contributed to the success of the symposium.

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