Privatizácia verejného práva verzus publicita súkromného práva

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Karin Cakoci et al.

The authors in the monograph focused on describing the genesis and current state of the legal regulation of consumption taxes in the Slovak Republic in interaction with the harmonization process, as well as identifying the mutual dependence of the legal regulation and revenues from consumption taxation on the effect on the state budget of the Slovak Republic.

Given the importance and justification of the researched issue, particularly in relation to the future functioning of the European Union, as well as the impact on the performance of the economies of individual member states, with an emphasis on the development and quality functioning of the single internal market, the authors, through the publication of the monograph, attempt to provoke a broader professional discussion about their own summarized presented results, which were obtained during the entire period of solving the scientific project, concerning current trends as well as perspectives in the field of EU tax policy and its influence on domestic tax legislation in the Slovak Republic in the area of consumption taxes in interaction with budgetary impacts.

The overall goal of the monograph is to present existing and own acquired knowledge related to the issue of consumption taxes in Slovakia, with an emphasis on the development of EU initiatives in this area, as well as a critical evaluation of their impact on the state budget of the Slovak Republic, and presenting possible future developments.

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Natália Kalinák-Andrej Oriňak

The Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law together with the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law of the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice organized the 8th annual student symposium, this time on commercial, labour and private international law, which took place at the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice on 1 December 2023. The student symposium under the title Commercial and Labour Law on a Common Wave was carried out as part of the research projects VEGA 1/0259/22 and VEGA č. 1/0291/23. The aim of the annual symposia is to create a discussion platform for students under the supervision of mentors from among the members of the department, namely teachers, researchers and PhD students. The theme of this year's symposium brought about discussion of interesting theoretical and practical legal issues thematically focused on the synergy of business law and labour law. The students addressed topical issues related to the status of entrepreneurs, the conduct of companies in labour law relations as well as the duties and responsibilities of employees. The topics of the sharing economy, gender quotas in corporate bodies and unfair bribery were not forgotten. While working on individual topics, students had the opportunity to improve their analytical thinking and argumentation skills, while they could practice writing a legal professional text, which in practice often increases the success of every lawyer. Students had the opportunity to develop their critical thinking and learn how to clearly formulate their own opinions on current legal issues. After the presentation of the papers, not only the team of lecturers and researchers, but also the students themselves engaged in a fruitful discussion, asking a number of original questions. Each student participant was awarded a certificate for their active participation in the symposium. The present proceedings are the outcome of the students' work from this event.

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Vladimír Babčák - Adrián Popovič - Jozef Sábo (eds.)

Within the project APVV-16-0160 "Tax evasion and tax avoidance (motivation factors , formation and elimination)" was organized conference called III. SLOVAK-CZECH DAYS OF TAX LAW " Positive and Negative Stimulation of the State in the Area of Taxation ". From this conference was prepared the eponymous output in the form of reviewed proceedings of scientific works.

In this publication is published the contributions from several prominent personalities of tax law science in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. lndividual contributions map tax legislation and also changes due to the development of tax legislation , especially under the influence of European Union law. Th ese changes are approached in the context of their specific economic impacts and their impact on status and legal relations in the business and social field . The main topics elaborated in the individual contributions are in particular: EU activities in relation to tax fraud and tax evasion, the impact of tax construction on the act of the addressees of tax law and tax policy of the state and its economic impacts.

The publication presents one of the most actual topics in the current legal and economic environment.

Prof. h.c. prof. JUDr. Vladimír Babčák, CSc.

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Adrián Popovič a kol.

The possibility of solving the grant project VVGS-2016-284 has provided a unique opportunity for members of the author´s team in the interdisciplinary composition to examine the issue not only from a tax-law point of view, but also from a political point of view. In the presented monograph, the authors focused on the characterization of different aspects of the EU in order to allow the reader correctly understand its position in relation to the outside world and to its inward relations within its Member States in the context of the creation and implementation of the EU tax policy. Particular attention is paid to the definition of the relationship between national tax legislation and EU law, the impact of the EU's tax policy on the national laws of its Member States, with reference to the identification of the harmonized areas with the approximation of their current stage of development and the final objective. This definition can be seen as a prerequisite for a correct and comprehensive understanding of the application and implementation of EU institutions' initiatives to prevent tax evasion and tax fraud and their implementation into the national legal order of the Slovak Republic. In the last part of the monograph, the authors focused on defining individual EU initiatives to combat tax evasion and tax fraud as a means of implementing its tax policy, in the area of ​​indirect taxation, in particular in the field of value added tax and in the field of direct taxation, especially with regard to corporate taxation, and to evaluate their projection into the national tax legislation of the Slovak Republic. At the same time, in these chapters, they assessed the real impact and effect of the measures admitted on the basis of the initiatives in practice.

The presented work is intended for a university student studying in the field of Tax Law and European Law, as well as the broader legal and economic community. However, in view of the scope and recency of the subject under consideration, the authors believe that the publication will find its application not only in the theoretical field but also in the practical field.

 JUDr. Adrián Popovič

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Alexander Bröstl - Marta Breichová Lapčáková (eds.)

Collection of papers from session of the slovak section of the IVR

In accordance with its name, the collection is devoted to three framework areas consisting of the rule of law, justice and the future of democracy, reflecting the focus of the 31st World Congress of the International Association for the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy (IVR). Published contributions of the slovak section of the IVR are devoted to the present questions of the rule of law in relation to the democratic legal state. Principles of the rule of law and present questions connected to the democratic character of the Slovak republic, including the democratic procedures on the local level, are juxtaposed with shifts on the international and global scene. Individual contributions are thus devoted to the technical and biotechnological challenges of contemporary democracy, the manifestation of game theory in the search for consensus in collegial judicial bodies, or to the concept of loyal opposition in the ongoing judicial dialogue surrounding the application of law in the european legal space. Space is also devoted to the universal questions of the nature of legal science, and to the present and future of the rule of law. The collection thus goes beyond the borders of the slovak legal space and aims to understand current trends in a broader context.

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Dominika Marčoková Becková (ed.)

Reviewed collection of papers of the international scientific conference is the output of the international scientific conference held on 7th October 2022 within the framework of the project APVV-18-0421 „European Public Prosecutor's Office in Connections of the Constitutional Order of the Slovak Republic as Strengthening of the European Integration through Law“.

Unlike other areas of activities of the European Union, the European Union did not begin to enter the area of criminal law and criminal policy until much later. The reason is that the sphere of criminal law has traditionally been associated with the sovereignty of the state, which is why the Member States of the European Union are very slow to allow the European Union into it. The issue of the European Union's influence on the criminal law of its Member States is therefore becoming actual and raises many questions and application problems. In their papers, the authors address the various problems posed by the European Union's influence in the area of criminal law. Among the scientific problems and issues that the authors paid attention to in their works are the following: reasons for competence of the European Union within the field of criminal law; Impact of the EU legislation on criminal law of EU Member States; proposals to improve existing legislation, whether at European Union or national level, cooperation of the Court of Justice of the European Union and national judges via preliminary proceedings within the field of criminal law; as well as the issue of the European Public Prosecutor's Office.

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Jozef Sábo

The monograph deals with two fundamental aspects concerning evaluation of evidence in the law. In the first part, the monograph addresses the question: „How it is possible to apply law in individual case, if human knowledge about past is objectively limited and flawed?“ (e.g. what is the nature of truth in the law?). The second part of the monograph identifies certain models of reasoning concerning factual questions which occur across different individual legal cases (especially tax cases and criminal cases). In that regard, the monograph draws from Anglo-American legal scholarship and deals with three main concepts concerning evaluation of evidence: argumentation, probability and narratives and their role in evaluation of evidence.

The monograph is the output of the grant project APVV no. 16-0160 which deals with the issue of tax evasion and tax avoidance (especially their motivating factors, emergence, and elimination). The author believes that better understanding of evaluation of evidence may contribute to the improvement in effectiveness of tax administration.

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Adam Giertl (ed.)

Zborník príspevkov zo VII. ročníka študentského sympózia z medzinárodného práva konaného v dňoch 11. – 12. apríla 2014 v učebno-výcvikovom zariadení UPJŠ v Danišovciach

Napriek tomu je dnes lietanie a cestovanie do kozmu bežnou súčasťou ľudskej civilizácie. Aká je úloha práva v tomto procese? To je otázka, ktorú si položili organizátori VII. ročníka študentského sympózia z medzinárodného práva sledujúc ambíciu zhodnotiť prínos medzinárodného práva v oblasti letectva a kozmických letov najmä vo svetle aktuálneho vývoja. Jednotlivých tém sa zhostili študenti druhého, tretieho, ale aj vyšších ročníkov Právnickej fakulty UPJŠ v Košiciach. Výsledkom ich práce na zverených témach, ktoré mohli autori konzultovať s členmi Ústavu európskeho práva a oddelenia medzinárodného práva, je predkladané dielo. Zborník je tematicky rozdelený na dve časti. Prvá časť oboznámi čitateľa s vybranými témami súvisiacimi s leteckým právom a druhá časť je venovaná medzinárodnému kozmickému právu. Svojim zameraním má zborník aj širší dosah, keďže v niektorých aspektoch zapadá do širšieho kontextu výskumu, ktorý prebieha na Ústave európskeho práva a oddelení medzinárodného práva a ktorý sa zameriava na skúmanie vplyvu regionalizmu na všeobecné medzinárodné právo a vice versa. Túto problematiku odrážajú aj témy jednotlivých príspevkov.

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Erik Štenpien

The presented monograph is dedicated to the reforms of local administration in the middle of the 19th century, which led to the introduction of municipalism - the nationalization of local administration. The work is primarily devoted to the analysis of the differences between legal articles 42/1870 and 21/1884, the second of which has so far been considered by Slovak legal historians as an amendment. I will explain the differences in the text of both standards, as well as by pointing out the practice of applying both standards in local practice in Abov and Turňa, the legal article 21/1884 is applicable, it is recoded and after the thresholds of the Czechoslovakia it was received as an obligation of the local sparva in Slovakia and is valid even in the time of Conclusion The Trianon peace treaty.

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Jozef Čorba (ed.)

Zborník príspevkov z konferencie

V dňoch 11. a 12. júna 2015 zorganizovala Katedra obchodného práva a hospodárskeho práva Právnickej fakulty Univerzity P. J. Šafárika v Košiciach už v poradí 13. stretnutie katedier obchodného práva Právnických fakúlt univerzít Českej republiky a Slovenskej republiky, čo len dokumentuje, že myšlienka každoročného stretávania sa predstaviteľov katedier obchodného práva, ktorú incioval prof. Bejček z Právnickej fakulty Masarykovej univerzity Brno, padla na úrodnú pôdu a verme, že takéto stretnutia budú pokračovať aj naďalej. Nielen pre zachovanie tradície ale hlavne pre osožnosť takýchto stretnutí a záujem ich účastníkov stretávať sa.

Tradičnou súčasťou týchto stretnutí, okrem výmeny poznatkov a informácií z realizácie pedagogického procesu a výmeny skúseností je aj vedecká konferencia zameraná na aktuálne otázky obchodného práva. Tohtoročná konferencia sa uskutočnila pod názvom Slovenské a české obchodné právo v roku 2015 – Vybrané problémy. Z jednotlivých katedier je do zborníka z konferencie zaradených celkom 17 príspevkov, ktoré sú rozdelené do troch problémových okruhov. Prvý okruh príspevkov tvoria príspevky tematicky zamerané na vybrané problémy právnej úpravy obchodných spoločností a jej praktickej realizácie. Do druhého okruhu sú zaradené príspevky orientované na oblasť rozhodcovského konania a na konkurzné právo. Do ostatného okruhu sú zaradené príspevky zamerané na výklad novelizovanej úpravy úrokov z omeškania v obchodných záväzkových vzťahoch a na problémy pri aplikácii tejto úpravy, na problematiku výkladu právnych úkonov úpravy obsiahnutej v novom českom Občianskom zákonníku. Súčasťou tejto časti je tiež informatívny príspevok o vývoji slovinského obchodného práva a jeho súčasnej podobe.

Ján Husár, Kristián Csach

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Adrián Popovič  - Jozef Sábo

Reviewed proceedings from the student symposium organized on the occasion of IV. Slovak-Czech days of tax law.

The International Scientific Conference IV. Slovak-Czech days of tax law was held 16th - 18th June 2021 in Košice (Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice). On this occasion, a student symposium on the topic: "Current Challenges of Tax Law" was organized for students of the Pavol Jozef Šafárik University Faculty of Law in Košice on 15th June 2021. The focus of the symposium was chosen due to the content of the grant project APVV-19-0124 entitled "Tax law and new phenomena in the economy (digital services, shared economy, virtual currencies)", which is currently being addressed at the Department of Financial Law, Tax Law and Economy, Faculty of Law, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. The output of this symposium is a reviewed proceeding of papers, in which students focus on examining the current challenges of tax law. In this context, students examine not only the current challenges in the field of real estate tax and the introduction of taxation based on their market value of real estate, the decision-making of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the field of direct taxation and indirect taxation, but also new and extremely current taxation issues of cryptoactive (virtual currency) taxation, not only in the Slovak Republic but also in the world. The authors also assess in detail the current situation in the research area, and they also present de lege ferenda proposals that could contribute to the development and improvement of several aspects of taxation, which is a benefit not only for legal science but also for application practice.

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Marcel Dolobáč • Monika Seilerová

Priemyselnej revolúcii sa nemožno vyhnúť, ani sa pred ňou skryť, súčasne je však rovnako nesprávne vidieť ju iba v sivých farbách. Buďme optimistickí. Informačný vek môže znamenať aj 6 6 znižovanie rozsahu pracovného času, snáď širší čas pre rodinu a medziľudské vzťahy či celkové zvýšenie ekonomického prepychu jednotlivca. Informačný vek zoberie množstvo pracovných príležitostí, ale ďalšie priehrštie položí na stôl, avšak zväčša iba pre vzdelaných. Veda a výskum budú pre celkový hospodársky rozvoj ešte dôležitejšie než dnes. Buďme pripravení.

Ambíciou tejto monografie nie je a ani nemôže byť poskytnúť vyčerpávajúcu odpoveď na vyššie načrtnuté polemiky. Jej cieľom je podnietiť širšiu vedeckú diskusiu najmä o problematike ochrany duševného zdravia v korelácii s nástupom informačného veku. Predmetom skúmania je ochrana jednotlivca – zamestnanca, ktorý sa musí adaptovať na nové technologické prostredie a nároky s ním spojené. Monografia predstavuje ucelený výstup autorov, ktorí v ostatných dvoch rokov publikovali v rámci grantovej APVV-16-0002 Duševné zdravie na pracovisku a posudzovanie zdravotnej spôsobilosti zamestnanca na obdobné témy. Autori veria, že aj vďaka označenému grantu APVV, budú v ďalších rokoch na predmetnú tému nadväzovať. Čo je však najdôležitejšie veríme, že jej obsah zaujme vás, čitateľov.

za autorov
Marcel Dolobáč

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Jozef Suchoža, Ján Husár, Regina Hučková

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Martin Štrkolec

Anotation Within the university textbook, the author focuses on the introduction to the criminal law of procedural and criminal proceedings, especially in terms of its purpose, individual parts and stages, subjects, procedural acts, decisions, as well as the costs of criminal proceedings. This publication is intended for easier orientation in the basics of criminal procedural law, on which it is possible to build qualified knowledge within the following legal branches or legal institutes. The methodology presented in the publication represents a concentrated form of individual provisions of the relevant generally binding legal regulations, while arguments of criminal law doctrine.

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Jana Žuľová (ed.)

Zborník vedeckých prác

Ústava Slovenskej republiky garantuje v článku 35 právo každého na slobodnú voľbu povolania a prípravu naň, ako aj právo podnikať a uskutočňovať inú zárobkovú činnosť. Každý má právo slobodne sa rozhodnúť, či si prostriedky na živobytie zabezpečí prácou ako samostatne zárobkovo činná osoba so všetkými dôsledkami a rizikami z toho vyplývajúcimi, alebo ako zamestnanec v pracovnoprávnych vzťahoch výkonom závislej práce. Mantinely a pravidlá výkonu uvedených práv sú regulované predovšetkým predpismi pracovného, obchodného aj daňového práva, s korpusom práv a povinností patriacich osobitne podnikateľom a osobitne zamestnancom. Neustály tlak konkurencie i dôsledky ekonomickej krízy privádzajú zamestnávateľov k hľadaniu cestičiek ako od vykonávateľov práce dosiahnuť čo najviac, za optimalizácie čo najnižších poistných, administratívnych i daňových nákladov. Pracovné pomery so zamestnancami sú ukončované a pod tlakom straty prostriedkov na živobytie sa „dobrovoľne“ menia na vzťahy obchodnoprávne. Nielen táto, ale aj ďalšie deformácie trhu práce konfrontujú subjekty práva na prácu s neférovými praktikami zamestnávateľov, čím minimalizujú možnosť realizácie slobody pri uplatňovaní tohto základného práva.

Riešením malo byť legislatívne zakotvenie definície závislej práce zákonom č. 348/2007 Z. z., ktorým sa novelizoval Zákonník práce. Či sa fenoménu „nútených živností“ a ďalších foriem zastretých pracovnoprávnych vzťahov podarilo vývojom definície závislej práce zabrániť, je základnou výskumnou otázkou viacerých vedeckých príspevkov v predkladanom zborníku vedeckých prác. Ambíciou autorského kolektívu je snaha o identifikáciu negatívnych javov trhu práce v korelácii s nedokonalosťami a medzerami pracovnoprávnej úpravy, ktoré spôsobujú jeho neželané deformácie. Ich dôsledné skúmanie v teoreticko-právnej rovine vyústi do výsledkov a návrhov de lege ferenda, ktoré sú súčasne riešeniami grantového projektu Vega č. 1/0805/13 „Optimalizácia usporiadania modelu pracovných vzťahov na trhu práce v Slovenskej republike“.

Zostavovateľka

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Alena Krunková - Simona Farkašová

Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on EU Funds Law in Theory and Practice held on October 3, 2019, in Košice.

The conference was attended by representatives from the academic sphere, educators from the Faculty of Law at UPJŠ in Košice, who created the subject and continue to participate in its teaching. The participants included professionals from practice, such as those from the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Slovak Republic for Investments and Informatization, the Office for Public Procurement of the Slovak Republic, the Supreme Audit Office of the Slovak Republic, and the Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs, and Family of the Slovak Republic. Valuable information was also shared at the conference by representatives from the Ministry of Regional Development of the Czech Republic, OECD representatives, and representatives from the European Commission's Representation in Slovakia. The presented contributions reflected current issues in a highly professional manner, identified problematic areas, and outlined suitable solutions for contentious issues.

From the individual presentations of the conference participants, it was possible to compile a work that, while not extensive in scope, is very remarkable in value. It connects theory and practice in an outstanding manner and thus expands knowledge in the still complex issue of the legal regulation of European Union funds.

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