Novelizovaný zákonník práce 2023

E-book

Jana Žuľová - Denisa Rudžiková

In the environment of Slovak employers, an active approach to diversity and inclusion in the workplace is coming to the fore. Targeted diversity and inclusion programs help make employers more attractive on the labor market and attract more job seekers. Proactively, better working conditions are created for employees with responsibilities to the family (in most cases still in relation to mothers), groups of people who have been on the fringes of interest until now are also employed (elderly, disabled, LGBT groups, minorities, graduates of secondary and higher education schools).

The presented collection of abstracts responds to the outlined facts, which is a grouping of the starting motives and conclusions of the contributions presented at the scientific conference Diverse and inclusive workplaces - legislative starting points organized by the department of labor law and social security law of the Faculty of Law of the P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, which took place on September 29, 2023 in a hybrid form.

With their abstracts, the authors point to a range of problematic areas that are not only a reflection of academic considerations, but also those legal questions that have to be dealt with in ordinary legal practice. The goal is to use analysis and explanation to define the existing labor law measures/tools applicable to the implementation of diversity and inclusion in the workplace according to the current Slovak legal framework and the EU legal framework and thus emphasize the starting point of any effort to build diversity and the implementation of inclusion in the workplace.

Download e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Jana Žuľová(ed.)

Proceedings from the 1st Annual Student Symposium on Labor Law held on April 8–9, 2016 in Danišovce

Discussions on the topic of privacy are currently very topical and interesting. The advancement and progress of technology have added a new dimension to individual privacy. With the use of modern electronic devices, terms such as precious commodity, chimera, or illusion are increasingly associated with privacy. Workplaces have not remained immune to modernization either. Machines are replacing human labor, programming and planning the production process, but also controlling, monitoring, and recording the fulfillment of assigned work tasks.

The availability of technology and its implementation in employers’ operations intrude upon the personal and private sphere of employees, which is an inherent part of every person’s life and does not remain left behind the doors of the workplace. Proper and correct use of monitoring mechanisms by employers means not only mastering their technical installation at the workplace and covering the associated financial costs, but also respecting the privacy of employees.

It cannot be overlooked that the right to privacy is among the fundamental human rights and freedoms, enjoying the corresponding characteristics (inalienability, non-transferability, irrevocability, etc.) and appropriate legal protection. And even though it is not absolute and may be suspended in favor of another right (especially the employer’s right to protect their property), every intervention—such as comprehensive camera surveillance, monitoring of phone calls, email correspondence, blocking certain websites, etc.—always has adverse consequences for the privacy of the employee.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

 Vladimíra Žofčinová 

Predkladané vysokoškolské učebné texty tvoria základný učebný text, ktorý nemá ambíciu podať komplexný obraz pracovného práva. Z uvedeného dôvodu, pri tvorbe týchto učebných textov sa môže zdať, že niektoré kapitoly sú príliš stručné a iné neobvykle rozsiahle, vzhľadom na zameranie výučby predmetu Pracovnoprávne vzťahy vo verejnej správe v študijnom odbore Verejná politika a verejná správa. Zámerom autorky textu je uľahčiť pochopenie základných atribútov pracovného práva prostredníctvom identifikácie ťažiskových právnych inštitútov a právne významných väzieb medzi nimi s ohľadom na verejnoprávne zameranie.

Autorka

E-book

Jana Žuľová (ed.)

Collection of Scientific Works

Article 35 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic guarantees everyone the right to freely choose their profession and receive training for it, as well as the right to engage in entrepreneurial or other gainful activity. Everyone has the right to freely decide whether to secure their livelihood through self-employment—with all the associated consequences and risks—or through employment within labor-law relationships by performing dependent work.

The framework and rules for exercising these rights are primarily regulated by labor, commercial, and tax legislation, each with its own set of rights and obligations applicable specifically to entrepreneurs and employees. Constant competitive pressure, along with the effects of economic crises, pushes employers to seek ways to extract the most from workers while optimizing for the lowest possible insurance, administrative, and tax costs. As a result, employment contracts are being terminated, and under the pressure of losing their income, individuals are "voluntarily" shifting to commercial-law relationships.

This situation, along with other distortions in the labor market, confronts those entitled to work with unfair practices by employers, thereby undermining their ability to freely exercise this fundamental right.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Milena Barinková (ed.)

Proceedings from the IV Annual Student Symposium on Labor Law held on April 5–6, 2019, in Danišovce

The term "Industrial Revolution 4.0" is currently widely used, yet remains mysterious and its content unfamiliar to many. While we do not claim omniscience, through the educational process at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and the scientific research of the Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, we have delved into examining the accompanying features and anticipated phenomena of this modern industrial revolution.

It can be stated with great certainty that this revolution already affects—and will continue to affect—production processes, including radical changes in their structure, the emergence of groundbreaking technological and communication tools, and, undoubtedly, labor relations. The rise of new forms and methods of work based on automation and digitalization, applied within new models of labor relations, is beginning to threaten jobs in certain sectors of the economy. There is an increasing demand for specialized qualifications and skills, particularly in information technology, with an emphasis on process digitalization, data processing, and the creation of communication networks connecting objects and people. This intelligent industry inevitably disqualifies many existing jobs from their current structures, leading to job losses for numerous employees. Analysts openly predict that by 2030, robots will replace up to 20 million industrial jobs worldwide.

The vision of which occupations or working conditions will be impacted is becoming increasingly concrete. Radical changes will require radical solutions as well as previously unknown movements and new elements or measures in the labor market.

Download the e-book for free  (pdf)

E-book

Jozef Suchoža - Ján Husár - Regina Hučková

Proceedings of the International Scientific Symposium

Collection Law-Commerce-Economy X. is a publication containing professional contributions by the authors, especially with regard to commercial law, civil law, labor law, intellectual property law, but also digital technology law. The thematic focus of the international scientific symposium was concentrated in three areas representing open problems of commercial law with regard to the solution of the economic and social crisis caused by the so-called pandemic (corona crisis), current issues of corporate law in the EU and artificial intelligence and law: the influence of artificial intelligence on the normative activity of the state and court decisions. With regard to the content orientation of the outputs, the publication is suitable not only for readers from the academic environment, but also from applied practice.

Download e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Marcel Dolobáč - Ľuboš Dobrovič (eds.)

Reviewed Proceedings of Contributions from a Scientific Conference

This reviewed collection of contributions from the scientific e-conference Legal Language in Application Practice, held from December 3 to 21, 2018, presents various academic contributions.

Legal language, as expressed in legal norms, is specific and should ideally be unambiguous, concise, and resistant to multiple interpretations. Is this an ideal world that does not exist but is worth striving for? Interpretative challenges and ambiguities in legal language and terminology (especially in the Labour Code) led the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law at UPJŠ in Košice to undertake the VEGA grant project No. 1/0526/17 titled Linguistic and Sanction Mechanisms in the Creation and Operation of Labour Law Norms.

As part of this grant project, the department organized an e-conference open not only to labor law specialists but also to experts from other legal fields. Unsurprisingly, interpretative issues extend beyond labor law. The contributions in this collection are thus somewhat interdisciplinary, though with a focus on labor law. We hope this collection serves as an introduction to broader research and deeper study of legal language by experts beyond legal theory. Additionally, we trust these contributions will inspire you, the readers.

Authors

Download the e-book for free  (pdf)

Alexander Bröstl a kol.

Učebný text z teórie práva sa pokúša priblížiť a objasniť právo vo všetkých dôležitých javových formách predovšetkým študentom prvého ročníka právnického štúdia a má propedeutický charakter. Vychádza z historického vývoja názorov na pojem právo a zo skúmania jeho rôznych významov. Hľadá spoločné znaky a odlišnosti medzi právnymi normami a inými normami správania (morálka, spravodlivosť). Dôraz kladie na skúmanie práva ako súboru právnych pravidiel vydaných a uznaných legitímnou autoritou, záväzných pre všetky subjekty právnych vzťahov. Klasifikuje systém práva a jeho štruktúru. Od tvorby práva prechádza k prameňom práva, so zreteľom na systém práva Slovenskej republiky, ale aj Európskej únie. V nadväznosti na pramene práva predkladá analýzu právnych noriem: ich pojem, znaky, štruktúru, druhy a pôsobnosť. Právne vzťahy vo svetle ich predpokladov a prvkov chápe ako vzťahy upravované právnymi normami. S realizáciou a aplikáciou práva súvisí výklad práva, spojený s otázkami analógie v práve. Právna zodpovednosť je prezentovaná ako ústredná právna kategória vychádzajúca zo schopnosti (nevyhnutnosti) niesť následky svojho konania: predmetom pozornosti sú predovšetkým objektívna zodpovednosť a subjektívna zodpovednosť. Záverečná časť sa týka právneho štátu ako ideálneho „miesta deja“ vo vzťahu k opísaným formám práva a ich uskutočňovaniu, zaoberá sa historickým vývojom i súčasným stavom modelov Rechtsstaat – Rule of Law, ako aj princípmi ich fungovania. Učebný text má poskytnúť orientáciu v základných pojmoch a odkázať na bohaté zdroje odbornej literatúry, ktoré možno študovať paralelne.

E-book

Eliška Župová et al.

Research into justice in public administration organizations has not yet been conducted in Slovakia, not even in the scope of respondents addressed. Therefore, we consider the project cross-sectional, current, and beneficial for deeper exploration of this area.

The project is designed as interdisciplinary, combining insights from legal perspectives in defining justice from labor law aspects, psychological and ethical evaluations of fairness levels, and knowledge from public administration management fields.

The inspiration for selecting this topic stems from its academic relevance, confirmed by both domestic and international studies, as well as its public relevance, where laypeople most intensely perceive justice/injustice in relation to remuneration and appropriate labor-law conditions – exemplified by teachers’ strikes (2003, 2006, 2016), nurses’ strikes (2003, 2006, 2012, 2016), ŽSR employees’ strikes (2003), and doctors’ strikes (2011).

Download the e-book for free  (pdf)

E-book

Katarína Skolodová - Monika Minčičová (eds.)

Proceedings of the 5th Year of the Student Symposium of Labour Law

New trends in the digital age around the world do not avoid the labour market and the labour law relations. Do labour law standards and employers' practices correspond to the actual factors that influence an individual's physical or mental condition? Does digitization, including artificial intelligence, bring improvements or threats? Is the protection of employees' mental health paid equal attention that to the protection of physical health? The Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law of the Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice examines and analyzes legal aspects of new risks that threaten and affect individual health in the work environment within the researching of the project APVV-16-0002 - Mental Health in the Workplace and Employee Health Assessment.

The members of the department, with the theme of the 5th year of the student symposium "New Challenges of Employees´ Health Protection" created an opportunity for students to search deeper current legal issues and reflect the results of their creative work in the submitted papers. The proceedings of papers of the student symposium is rich in content and offers the reader the space to get acquainted with interesting questions and application problems accompanying them.

Download the e-book for free  (pdf)

E-book

Milena Barinková (ed.)

The researchers of the grant task ‘Creation and implementation of labour law with regard to regional aspects of the labour market’ deal in their work with the analysis of employers' attempts for legislative changes in the level of social rights of employees justified by regional differences, the analysis of possible impacts in their implementation, as well as the assessment of their compliance with the protective function of Slovak labour law and the value character of fundamental human rights inherent in the European and legal culture.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

 Marcel Dolobáč a kol. 

Učebnica s názvom Vybrané otázky sociálneho práva Európskej únie prierezovo spracúva najzásadnejšie otázky pracovného práva a práva sociálneho zabezpečenia v Európskej únii. V úvodných statiach učebnice sa autori zamerali na objasnenie základnej terminológie a stručne poukazujú na vývoj sociálneho práva v Únii. Ďalšie kapitoly práce postupne vysvetľujú vybranú problematiku ktorá celkovo dotvára sociálne právo Európskej únie, konkrétne – voľný pohyb zamestnancov, zákaz diskriminácie, flexibilitu pracovných vzťahov prostredníctvom atypických pracovných pomerov, dočasné pridelenie zamestnancov, ochranu osobitných kategórií zamestnancov, ochranu osobných údajov, oblasť bezpečnosti a ochrany zdravia pri práci, ochranu práv zamestnancov pri prevode, prechode zamestnávateľa a jeho platobnej neschopnosti, kolektívnu ochranu práv zamestnancov a napokon uplatňovanie systémov sociálneho zabezpečenia. Učebnica analyzuje predovšetkým úniovú úpravu s akcentom na rozhodnú judikatúru Súdneho dvora Európskej únie, vnútroštátny právny poriadok objasňuje iba vo vybraných problematických oblastiach. 

Autori

E-book

Žofia Mrázová -  Natália Kalinák (eds.)

The Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law in cooperation with the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law and the Department of International Law and European Law of the Faculty of Law of the University of Applied Sciences in Košice organized the IXth annual student symposium, this time on commercial, labour and private international law. The student symposium under the title Decision-making practice of judicial authorities in private law took place on 29 November 2024 at the premises of the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice. The symposium was prepared within the framework of the scientific projects APVV-23-0331 “Integration of the Capital Markets Union: change of corporate financing and rescue of companies in financial difficulties” and APVV-21-0336 “Analysis of judicial decisions by artificial intelligence methods.”

This year was exceptional in that the organizers of the event decided to change the usual concept of preparing and presenting a professional article on a chosen topic. This time the students chose interesting decisions of the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court or the Court of Justice of the European Union. They concentrated on working with one particular decision, which they analysed in detail and drafted a gloss - an expert explanation or commentary on the chosen decision. Their task consisted of a brief presentation of the facts, identification of the legal questions that the judicial authorities sought to answer, a legal analysis of the problem addressed, and an assessment of the significance of the decision for the practice of application. In their analyses, the students dealt with topical issues such as the joint action of a proxy and a member of the body, the consequences of a breach of the pre-emptive right, or the repugnancy of an agreement on the division of the community of property of the spouses. In employment law, decisions were presented concerning the right of the father of a child to a breastfeeding break or the wearing of symbols at work. In the section on private international law, the case law on cross-border relocation of the seat as well as on the choice of international jurisdiction of the courts was analysed.

The present proceedings consist of written outputs of students from this event. We are delighted that the students again this year approached their task with enthusiasm and conscientiousness. Finally, our sincere thanks go to all those who contributed to the success of the symposium.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Jana Žuľová  - Monika Minčičová - Marcel Dolobáč (eds.)

The legal regulation of occupational health and the process of assessing the health capacity is one of the manifestations of fulfilling the protective function of labour law.

Due to the importance of pursuing the interest in protecting the life and health of the individual during his working life, as well as the consequences of damage to the employee's health for further work and continuance of employment relationship, research in this area finds its irreplaceable place in legal science. Its topicality is also highlighted by the emerging risks of work and the working environment. Technological progress associated with a change in the way of performing work, as well as the pandemic situation, have opened a number of new challenges for labour law that require attention.

The presented proceedings of abstracts responds to the outlined facts. It is a group of initial motives and conclusions of lectures presented at the scientific online conference "Health at Work in the Spectrum of Theory and Practice" organized by the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law of the Faculty of Law, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice on16th April 2021. Authors point to a variety of problematic areas that are not only a reflection of academic considerations, but also of those legal issues that need to be addressed in ordinary legal practice.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Marcel Dolobáč - Monika Seilerová

The Industrial Revolution cannot be avoided or hidden from, but it is equally wrong to see it only in gray tones. Let us be optimistic. The Information Age can also mean a reduction in working hours, perhaps more time for family and interpersonal relationships, or an overall increase in individual economic luxury. The Information Age will take away many job opportunities but will put many others on the table, though mostly for the educated. Science and research will become even more important for overall economic development than they are today. Let us be prepared.

The ambition of this monograph is not, and cannot be, to provide an exhaustive answer to the above-outlined debates. Its goal is to stimulate broader scientific discussion, particularly on the issue of mental health protection in correlation with the advent of the Information Age. The subject of study is the protection of the individual—the employee—who must adapt to a new technological environment and its associated demands.

The monograph represents a comprehensive output by authors who, over the past two years, have published on similar topics within the APVV-16-0002 grant "Mental Health in the Workplace and Assessment of Employee Health Capability." The authors believe that thanks to this APVV grant, they will continue to build on this topic in the coming years. Most importantly, they hope that its content will engage you, the readers.

Marcel Dolobáč

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Jana Žuľová - Milena Barinková 

Legal norms regulate everyday life. We learn about the rights and obligations that arise for us from these norms through language. It is therefore very important that they are created in such a way that all levels of society understand them, not only recipients with legal education.

The Labour Code is a norm of everyday use, and so far there is no publication that approximates or clarifies the understanding of the provisions of this law through the prism of its language. The main goal of the publication is to apply the acquired linguistic knowledge about the pitfalls of the comprehensibility of legal language for the general public to the Labour Code and thus enable its more adequate understanding. Our ambition is not a comprehensive interpretation of the provisions of the Labour Code, which give the impression of incomprehensibility for the average addressee.

We focused on selected problematic phenomena observed and identified during the solution of the VEGA grant project no. 1/0526/17 Linguistic and Sanctioning Mechanisms in the Creation and Operation of Labor Law Norms and strived for a conceptual approach to their examination enriched by empirical research.

Download the e-book for free  (pdf)

E-book

Jana Žuľová - Denisa Rudžiková

In the environment of Slovak employers, an active approach to diversity and inclusion in the workplace is coming to the fore. Targeted diversity and inclusion programs help make employers more attractive on the labor market and attract more job seekers. Proactively, better working conditions are created for employees with responsibilities to the family (in most cases still in relation to mothers), groups of people who have been on the fringes of interest until now are also employed (elderly, disabled, LGBT groups, minorities, graduates of secondary and higher education schools).

The presented collection of abstracts responds to the outlined facts, which is a grouping of the starting motives and conclusions of the contributions presented at the scientific conference Diverse and inclusive workplaces - legislative starting points organized by the department of labor law and social security law of the Faculty of Law of the P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, which took place on September 29, 2023 in a hybrid form.

With their abstracts, the authors point to a range of problematic areas that are not only a reflection of academic considerations, but also those legal questions that have to be dealt with in ordinary legal practice. The goal is to use analysis and explanation to define the existing labor law measures/tools applicable to the implementation of diversity and inclusion in the workplace according to the current Slovak legal framework and the EU legal framework and thus emphasize the starting point of any effort to build diversity and the implementation of inclusion in the workplace.

Download e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Jana Žuľová(ed.)

Proceedings from the 1st Annual Student Symposium on Labor Law held on April 8–9, 2016 in Danišovce

Discussions on the topic of privacy are currently very topical and interesting. The advancement and progress of technology have added a new dimension to individual privacy. With the use of modern electronic devices, terms such as precious commodity, chimera, or illusion are increasingly associated with privacy. Workplaces have not remained immune to modernization either. Machines are replacing human labor, programming and planning the production process, but also controlling, monitoring, and recording the fulfillment of assigned work tasks.

The availability of technology and its implementation in employers’ operations intrude upon the personal and private sphere of employees, which is an inherent part of every person’s life and does not remain left behind the doors of the workplace. Proper and correct use of monitoring mechanisms by employers means not only mastering their technical installation at the workplace and covering the associated financial costs, but also respecting the privacy of employees.

It cannot be overlooked that the right to privacy is among the fundamental human rights and freedoms, enjoying the corresponding characteristics (inalienability, non-transferability, irrevocability, etc.) and appropriate legal protection. And even though it is not absolute and may be suspended in favor of another right (especially the employer’s right to protect their property), every intervention—such as comprehensive camera surveillance, monitoring of phone calls, email correspondence, blocking certain websites, etc.—always has adverse consequences for the privacy of the employee.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

 Vladimíra Žofčinová 

Predkladané vysokoškolské učebné texty tvoria základný učebný text, ktorý nemá ambíciu podať komplexný obraz pracovného práva. Z uvedeného dôvodu, pri tvorbe týchto učebných textov sa môže zdať, že niektoré kapitoly sú príliš stručné a iné neobvykle rozsiahle, vzhľadom na zameranie výučby predmetu Pracovnoprávne vzťahy vo verejnej správe v študijnom odbore Verejná politika a verejná správa. Zámerom autorky textu je uľahčiť pochopenie základných atribútov pracovného práva prostredníctvom identifikácie ťažiskových právnych inštitútov a právne významných väzieb medzi nimi s ohľadom na verejnoprávne zameranie.

Autorka

E-book

Jana Žuľová (ed.)

Collection of Scientific Works

Article 35 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic guarantees everyone the right to freely choose their profession and receive training for it, as well as the right to engage in entrepreneurial or other gainful activity. Everyone has the right to freely decide whether to secure their livelihood through self-employment—with all the associated consequences and risks—or through employment within labor-law relationships by performing dependent work.

The framework and rules for exercising these rights are primarily regulated by labor, commercial, and tax legislation, each with its own set of rights and obligations applicable specifically to entrepreneurs and employees. Constant competitive pressure, along with the effects of economic crises, pushes employers to seek ways to extract the most from workers while optimizing for the lowest possible insurance, administrative, and tax costs. As a result, employment contracts are being terminated, and under the pressure of losing their income, individuals are "voluntarily" shifting to commercial-law relationships.

This situation, along with other distortions in the labor market, confronts those entitled to work with unfair practices by employers, thereby undermining their ability to freely exercise this fundamental right.

Download the e-book for free (pdf)

E-book

Milena Barinková (ed.)

Proceedings from the IV Annual Student Symposium on Labor Law held on April 5–6, 2019, in Danišovce

The term "Industrial Revolution 4.0" is currently widely used, yet remains mysterious and its content unfamiliar to many. While we do not claim omniscience, through the educational process at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and the scientific research of the Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, we have delved into examining the accompanying features and anticipated phenomena of this modern industrial revolution.

It can be stated with great certainty that this revolution already affects—and will continue to affect—production processes, including radical changes in their structure, the emergence of groundbreaking technological and communication tools, and, undoubtedly, labor relations. The rise of new forms and methods of work based on automation and digitalization, applied within new models of labor relations, is beginning to threaten jobs in certain sectors of the economy. There is an increasing demand for specialized qualifications and skills, particularly in information technology, with an emphasis on process digitalization, data processing, and the creation of communication networks connecting objects and people. This intelligent industry inevitably disqualifies many existing jobs from their current structures, leading to job losses for numerous employees. Analysts openly predict that by 2030, robots will replace up to 20 million industrial jobs worldwide.

The vision of which occupations or working conditions will be impacted is becoming increasingly concrete. Radical changes will require radical solutions as well as previously unknown movements and new elements or measures in the labor market.

Download the e-book for free  (pdf)