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Dušan Barabas - Alena Labunová
These study materials aim to provide basic information about biogeographical issues from a geographical perspective, i.e., a perspective focused primarily on the aspect of spatial differentiation of the biosphere. The basis for the division of the biosphere is its historical development, during which individual taxa and communities were formed.
The historical development of the biosphere did not occur under stable, constant conditions, but rather in ever-changing conditions caused by the position of our planet within the solar system, the position of the Earth's axis relative to the ecliptic, and also the position of the solar system within the galaxy. All changes in the Earth's position, together with the movement of continents (drift) and climate changes, created the prerequisites for the spatial expansion of the biosphere. The historical development of the biosphere, various perspectives, the hierarchical level of differentiation, and the causes of differentiation are incorporated in this study material, whose aim is to outline the basic principles of this division.
The goal is also to highlight certain differences in the understanding of terminology, as well as to point out some fundamental relationships operating within the landscape system in the broadest sense of the word. The section devoted to the ecological principles of the functioning and formation of the landscape system, according to MIČIAN and ZATKALÍK (1984), outlines the issues of understanding the terms ecosystem and geosystem. For this reason, the presented text includes chapters that attempt to explain the understanding and approach to some basic concepts.
These study materials are intended for students of single-subject, interdisciplinary, and supplementary studies as basic teaching material. By expanding the knowledge from this study material with further information, which is elaborated in more detail in the literature listed in the bibliography of this text, graduates will gain a comprehensive view of biogeographical issues.
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Adriana Zeleňáková - Zuzana Ješková - Adela Kravčáková et al. (eds.)
The proceedings contain abstracts of contributions from participants of the 10th Czech-Slovak Student Scientific Conference in Physics, which took place on May 2–3, 2019, at the Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice.
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Valéria Skřivánková - Martina Hančová
The publication is focused on discrete random processes, primarily on Markov chains, which have wide application in the field of economics and finance.
The textbook is divided into five chapters, the first of which serves as an introduction to random processes and provides definition, properties and classification of random processes in general. The second chapter discusses Markov chains with discrete time, including valuation of transitions between states and their optimal management. The third chapter focuses on special Markov chains with continuous time and emphasizes construction and solution to the system of Kolmogorov differential equations, which describe the dynamics of the process development. The last two chapters illustrate applications of Markov chains using examples of queuing system modeling and renewal theory.
Besides the explanation of basic terms, definitions and theorems with proofs, this textbook also provides number of solved examples to illustrate the discussed theory. Problem assignments are placed at the end of each chapter, so that readers can test their understanding of the content as they progress through the book. Solutions to all the problems and the list of references are provided at the end of the publication.
This textbook is primarily intented for students majoring in Economics and Financial Mathematics at the Faculty of Science of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, and it covers content of the course “Random Proceses 1“ thought there. It might however serve also students from other schools in similar progams or professionals interested in this topic.
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Juraj Ševc - Anna Alexovič Matiašová
Among students of single-discipline and interdisciplinary biology studies at faculties with a natural science focus, there often arises a problem in defining the scope of the curriculum when studying the subject of Human Anatomy. The presented study material aims to help students of non-medical scientific fields navigate the extensive anatomical terminology and to limit the amount of required anatomical terms to an optimum, so that alongside mastering Latin nomenclature, students still have sufficient capacity to memorize additional knowledge in the areas of systemic, comparative, developmental, and functional anatomy.
Emphasis on organizing individual anatomical terms into logical units simultaneously supports a hierarchical view of the architecture of the human body. Despite its seemingly self-serving nature, anatomical terminology thus becomes the framework upon which students build knowledge from more or less related scientific disciplines studying the human body and the processes occurring within it throughout their further studies. At the same time, alongside this ambition that goes beyond the scope of the anatomy discipline, the Anatomical Terms follow a long tradition of anatomical handbooks while respecting the valid Latin and Slovak anatomical nomenclature.
This script represents a practical supplement to university textbooks of Anatomy or Neuroanatomy and especially to anatomical atlases, but it certainly does not aim to replace them. Here you will find all the necessary terms gathered in one place, which you can always have at hand on your phone, e-reader, or laptop. The emphasis on organizing individual anatomical terms into logical units supports a hierarchical view of the architecture of the human body, and the inclusion of a brief introduction to each system is intended to encourage you to seek further, more detailed information about the structure and function of the given organ system.
E-book
Natália Raschmanová - Ľubomír Kováč
The text summarizes the basic knowledge about the functioning of the soil ecosystem with a focus on soil protists and dominant groups of soil animals. Characteristics of each soil animal group include basic morphology, ecology, distribution, population dynamics and their importance in the soil ecosystem. The aim of the text is to gain a basic understanding of the diversity and interactions of soil fauna with the soil environment. It deals with the ecological classification of soil fauna on the basis of body size, presence in the soil during the life cycle, food preference and by locomotion. It highlights important morphological and ecophysiological adaptations of soil fauna to physical and chemical environmental factors. The text also gives an overview of the basic methods in the field collection of soil fauna and their extraction from soil samples under laboratory conditions. It further informs on the method of taxonomic identification and ecological evaluation of soil fauna communities. Discusses the soil fauna of different types of ecosystems. It highlights the differences in soil fauna communities that inhabit grassland and forest habitats, and agricultural soils. This teaching material is intended for students in biology degree programmes.
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Jana Shepa (ed.)
The book of abstracts from 8th International Conference on Novel Materials: Fundamentals and Applications, NFA 2023 is composed of contributions from the participants of this international conference. The conference consisted of 6 invited lecture and 38 abstracts of participants. The conference is focused on novel materials and its application in various research areas. All contributions are professionally processed and inspiring.
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In the presented university textbooks, so-called satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS, from the English Satellite Based Augmentation Systems, in Slovak Systémy rozširujúce základné satelitné systémy) are also discussed. These systems enhance, expand, or refine the basic satellite navigation systems. They are supportive satellite systems for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems). Currently, the long-operational American GPS and Russian GLONASS systems, as well as the partially operational European Galileo system (since December 2016), have and will continue to have broad applications in various fields of human activity, both professional and personal.
The university textbook Globálne navigačné satelitné systémy (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) reflects the current progressive development in the technological and instrumental principles and components of such satellite navigation systems. It presents the state of these satellite technologies from their historical origins and development to the present. The rapid advancements, particularly in the instrumental base of satellite navigation systems, will require updates on their current state in future editions of these university textbooks.
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Ľubomír Antoni a kol.
In university textbooks, we present the basics of the Internet of Things, its origin and technological development, concept. We classify Internet of Things applications into the areas of healthcare, intelligent environment, personal and social areas, transport and logistics, smart cities.
We present an overview of university subjects in the field of the Internet of Things, which were created and innovated at Slovak universities within the national project IT Academy - Education for the 21st Century. We present extended subject annotations, application examples and case studies using various methods in the field of the Internet of Things.
University textbooks are intended for students of bachelor's, master's, engineering and doctoral study programs in computer science, but also in non-informatics fields.
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Ondrej Krídlo - Gabriel Semanišin
For computer scientists, the constant challenge is to seek efficient algorithms and various technical and implementation possibilities to improve the computational complexity of currently known algorithms. Partial solutions are offered by approaches such as grid-based methods and parallelization of computation. Quantum computers represent a significant but still unfulfilled promise. From a theoretical perspective, probabilistic and approximation approaches provide very effective solutions, and these are the methods we aim to explore in detail.
These electronic university textbooks serve as supplementary materials for the course Approximation and Probabilistic Algorithms. They were developed from the authors' materials and contributions by Prof. RNDr. Viliam Geffert, DrSc., whom the authors thank for providing the manuscript. Acknowledgments also extend to RNDr. Ján Katrenič, PhD., who prepared the first set of exercises for the course, and Žaneta Semanišinová, who reviewed large portions of the text and contributed suggestions for its improvement.
Ondrej Hutník a kol.
Zbierka úloh z matematickej analýzy III. je pokračovaním predchádzajúcich dvoch vydaných zbierok autorov Kulcsár a Kulcsárová. Táto časť obsahuje príklady na zopakovanie a precvičenie učiva stredných škôl, ako aj časti prvého semestra kurzu matematická analýza určeného pre študentov matematiky, fyziky, informatiky a učiteľského štúdia v kombinácii s matematikou. Zbierka môže tiež pomôcť všetkým učiteľom, ktorí chcú použiť rôzne úlohy vo svojom vyučovaní. Zbierka zahŕňa oblasť postupností reálnych čísel: aritmetické a geometrické postupnosti, všeobecne a rekurentne zadané postupnosti, nachádzajú sa tu úlohy na vyšetrovanie vlastností postupností (monotónnosť, ohraničenosť, konvergencia) a výpočet rôznych typov limít. Všetky zadané úlohy sú vyriešené na konci každej kapitoly s podrobným komentárom.
Autori
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The scientific book of abstracts from the conference „Novel Trends in Chemistry, Research and Education 2023“ is a summary of the contributions of conference participants, which contain the original results of their scientific and research activities.
The contributions published in this volume can be divided according to content into the fields of analytical, inorganic, organic, physical chemistry, biochemistry, didactics of chemistry, and NMR spectroscopy.
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E-book
Marcel Uhrin - Petr Benda - Peter Kaňuch
Bats represent a unique group of mammals, characterised by different life strategies. They are the only mammals capable of active flight, which, combined with their almost exclusively nocturnal activity, has led to the evolution of specific adaptations. One of the most striking is echolocation, which enables them to orientate themselves perfectly in their surroundings in the dark. Bats are mainly native to the tropics, but have also colonised areas outside the tropics, which, has led to a complex phenological cycle with active phases and interruptions during hibernation, especially in temperate zones. In this diverse and species-rich group (almost 1,500 known species), there is a wide range of social organisation as well as feeding and roosting strategies. The textbook "Fundamentals of Chiropterology" brings the current state of knowledge about these extraordinary animals in eleven chapters and two appendices for the first time in the Slovak language.
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Jozef Strečka,Katarína Karľová
The 48th Conference of the Middle European Cooperation in Statistical Physics (MECO48) will be held on May 22nd-26th, 2023, in Stará Lesná, High Tatras, Slovakia. The MECO48 conference continues a long tradition of regular international meetings in the domain of statistical physics established in the early 1970s with the aim of bridging the gap between the communities of scientists from the Eastern and Western parts of Europe separated by the iron curtain.
In the modern era the MECO conferences attract attention of the community of scientists who are active in the field of statistical physics including various interdisciplinary applications to biology, medicine, geography, finance, quantum information theory, and machine learning.
The MECO48 conference is organized jointly by Faculty of Science of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Institute of Experimental Physics of Slovak Academy of Sciences in Košice, Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava and Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov under the financial support of Slovak Research and Development Agency (grant No. APVV-20-0150) and other sponsors.
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Gabriela Andrejková - Ľubomír Antoni
Machine learning addresses the issues of how computer programs recognize complex patterns and make decisions based on data. In these university textbooks, we focus on theoretical knowledge in the field of machine learning in which we present the creation of concepts for objects, the preparation of concepts, hypotheses and the process of learning from examples. We describe Boolean formulas and their representations, probabilistic learning, linear and logistic regression, linear modeling and classification. Clustering and the Bayesian approach to machine learning conclude this publication.
University textbooks are intended for students of master's degree programs in computer science.
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Adriana Zeleňáková - Jozef Bednarčík
Peer-reviewed Proceedings of the Scientific Conference NANOVIR
The main objective of the scientific conference NANOVIR was the presentation of scientific results obtained during the implementation of the NANOVIR project – Nanoparticles for solving diagnostic and therapeutic problems with COVID-19, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund within the Operational Programme Integrated Infrastructure 2014 – 2020, ITMS: 313011AUW7.
The project was carried out from January 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, and was supported with a sum of EUR 1,916,004.79. Three co-investigating organizations participated in the project: Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice as the main investigator, the University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice as partner no. 1, and the Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences as partner no. 2.
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The textbook Semiconductor Elements was developed gradually over the past years as an aid for second-year master's students in condensed matter physics. It is intended to support students’ understanding of lectures, considering that important texts, mathematical relationships, and illustrations are provided in advance in the form they will be presented during the lecture.
This allows students to supplement individual pages with their own notes during the lecture, either electronically or in printed form. In this way, a study aid is created for the student, which I believe will help with the final review of knowledge gained throughout the semester in preparation for the exam. This textbook is not meant to serve as standalone literature but is designed to assist orientation in the literature, which is abundant in English but mostly written for scientists, researchers, and students for whom this topic is central and not just one of many parts of their education. Therefore, it is not allocated a larger scope in the study program.
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E-book
Miroslav Repčák - Martin Bačkor - Peter Paľove-Balang - Silvia Gajdošová
The establishment of the Plant Physiology Laboratory at the Department of Botany, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice in 1969 was associated with the name of Ing. Štefan Kocúrik, CSc. (1923–2006), who also prepared the first "Instructions for Exercises in Plant Physiology" (Košice 1972, 1976).
Since 1980, the manual by Associate Professor RNDr. Karol Erdelský, CSc., and Ing. Fridrich Frič, DrSc., titled "Practicum and Analytical Methods in Plant Physiology" (Bratislava 1980) has been used. With the increase in the number of students, it became relevant in 1991 to publish the "Instructions for Exercises in Plant Physiology" again to improve preparation and the efficient organization of practical work. Associate Professor RNDr. A. Košturiak, CSc., contributed significantly to the expansion of the introductory part of the instructions with his valuable advice, for which the authors are grateful. For the fourth edition, some tasks were updated and modernized, taking into account the possibilities of the renovated laboratory. The selection of tasks was adapted to the current scope of exercises for individual plant physiology subjects within the bachelor's and master's study programs in biology and ecology. These subjects include: Plant Physiology, Plant Metabolism, Mineral Nutrition of Plants, Plant Growth and Development, and Plant Ecology. Some tasks are also suitable for high school experiments.
The choice of topics was influenced by the research focus of our workplace on secondary metabolism, ecophysiology, and medicinal plants. The instructions generally adhere to the SI unit system, occasionally including other commonly used units.
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