Rádiológia pre medikov

E-book

Vladimíra Timková a kol.

Slovakia has one of the highest mortality rates from preventable and treatable causes. The latest data also shows that within the EU, we have the highest mortality rate from cancer. A person's health is influenced by a combination of genetics, different life circumstances, and personal decisions. While we do not have control over all of these factors, proper eating habits, regular physical activity, and quality sleep can significantly contribute to preventing health problems and chronic diseases. However, many people face barriers such as financial constraints, work overload, or a lack of reliable information and knowledge. In Slovakia, almost half of the population cannot afford to purchase nutritious food, which makes the situation even more difficult. Therefore, we have prepared a practical guide with simple, affordable, and time-efficient recommendations aimed at improving health and quality of life. The publication provides an overview of the latest research and expert recommendations related to healthy eating, sleep hygiene, physical activity, mental health improvement, building resilience and healthy relationships, and also includes important advice on how to increase motivation for health behaviour change.

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E-kniha

Silvia Farkašová Iannaccone a kol.

The history of ethics represents the search for a fundamental principle that would enable a person to distinguish between moral and immoral, good and evil, or right and wrong. The main issues are the motives, methods, and consequences of human actions.

The integrity of the medical profession emphasizes lifelong study and practice according to professional competence, and, last but not least, adherence to ethical principles and standards of medical ethics. Medical ethics and the related communication in the process of providing healthcare are becoming increasingly relevant topics. Communication between doctor and patient itself constitutes a very important part of the diagnostic process and treatment; it significantly contributes to the creation of a mutual relationship and, to a considerable extent, ensures patient cooperation.

The development of various information and network technologies allows for rapid communication even in medicine; however, a kind word and real contact with the patient, with an appropriate choice of verbal and nonverbal communication tools in personal contact, cannot be replaced by modern technology. The present era places demands on certain communication skills of the physician. Another ethical and legal issue is informed consent, which brings the patient’s active participation in the process of providing healthcare.

The presented publication provides basic information about medical ethics, communication in medicine in general, and communication skills in medical practice. Further chapters are devoted to the issue of informed consent, ethics, and the specifics of communication with selected groups of patients. We believe that this publication will clarify for the reader the basic ethical pillars and will be helpful for basic orientation in the issues of medical communication.

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František Sabola kol.

Although we are not really sure if “Love is coming from the Heart” and nor we know where “the Residence of Soul” is, we are still overwhelmed by its unprecedented effort to keep us alive. Our lives are nowadays fulfilled with enormous chances to satisfy our needs and wishes. Hand in hand is changing our way of life, the intake of calories is growing and the amount of physical activity decreasing. We live longer and maybe happier but our hearts
and vessels are like mirrors showing us how we live. Diseases of the Heart and vessels have become the number one cause of death in highly developed countries including our homeland.
Prevention of cardiovascular diseases has become and an important social and health care system issue. The knowledge requirement of basic principles of cardiology and heart surgery is increasing. Without an understanding of basic principles a good clinical practice is hardly possible.
Together with my Colleagues of Heart surgery department of VÚSCH and LF UPJŠ we prepared this short overview of basic knowledge about surgery of the human heart. We hope that reading it will be more an adventure than a painful journey. If you find some answers to your unanswered questions our effort was not a waste of time.

Authors

E-book

Silvia Danková - Valéria Parová - Gabriela Štefková - Libuša Tirpáková

This university textbook is intended for students of the field of nursing and brings closer the issues in selected clinical fields of nursing, namely dermatovenerology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology and dentistry.

It focuses on the characterization, management of care, reporting and dispensing of specific diseases and nursing care of selected diseases in these fields. It provides important information on the implementation of specific investigative methods and nursing activities that reflect the latest knowledge of the profession, professional guidelines and evidence-based practice.

The authors used relevant sources of domestic and foreign literature as well as electronic sources, which are listed at the end of individual chapters, when processing individual topics. The aim of the authors was to create a university textbook that would help nursing students to orientate themselves in the mentioned clinical fields, or could also be beneficial for nurses in practice.

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E-book

Libuša Tirpáková a kol. 

Primary care is the first level of the health system where people come with their health problems and where the health promotion and preventive care treatments and needs of the majority of the population are implemented.

The university textbook, which is organized in nine chapters, offers an overview of general outpatient health care from a nursing perspective. It characterizes the nursing process in ambulatory health care and models of nursing care. It addresses the implementation of advanced practice nursing in ambulatory health care and the role of the nurse in prevention and health promotion.

The textbook is intended for nursing students in both undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as those interested in other health professions.

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E-book

Tatiana Kimáková

This scientific monograph is a comprehensive scientific work focused on the presence and effects of mercury in the environment, as well as the health risk factors associated with it.

The monograph presents a characterization of mercury in a multidisciplinary scope, discusses its use in industry and healthcare, and describes the negative impacts of mercury on the environment and public health. It also provides proposals and recommendations for at-risk groups. The monograph includes a comprehensive study of mercury concentration in samples of domestic and foreign production commodities and plant samples using the atomic absorption spectrometer AMA 254.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical, veterinary, natural sciences, and agricultural fields, as well as public health students at all three levels of university study. It is also intended for all interested members of the informed public.

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E-book

I. R. Mavlyanov - A. K. Ashirmetov - Z. I. Mavlyanov - G. J. Jarilkasinova

Need of carrying out a pharmacological genotyping for providing the individualized pharmacotherapy is shown in the monograph based on the analysis of own and literary data of the central link of drug pharmacokinetics– systems of cytochrome P-450, taking into account its genetic polymorphysm.
The monograph is intended for the clinical pharmacologists, geneticists and experts dealing with this problem.

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E-book

Sylvia Dražilová - Laura Gombošová - Martin Janičko - Ľubomír Skladaný - Eduard Veseliny

University textbooks are focused on undergraduate medical students and young doctors engaged in specialized training in gastroenterology, hepatology, and internal medicine.

The authors aimed to somewhat replace the lack of a concise and straightforward textbook on gastroenterology and hepatology for medical students, while also providing specific, directly applicable information for young doctors in inpatient departments caring for these patients.

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E-book

Jana Diabelková

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E-book

Zuzana Mačeková - Zuzana Katreniaková a kol.

Demencia je jednou z naliehavých a mimoriadne zložitých globálnych výziev pre zdravotnícke a sociálne systémy 21. storočia. Na Slovensku sa počet osôb s demenciou odhaduje na 62 495 (2018), pričom sa predpokladá, že v roku 2040 tento počet vzrastie na 180 000. Demencie zatiaľ patria k nevyliečiteľným chronickým stavom, ktorým nie je možné úplne predchádzať. V roku 2024 (Livingston a kol.) bol publikovaný aktualizovaný model tzv. potenciálne ovplyvniteľných faktorov, ktoré môžu prispieť k zvýšenému riziku demencie. Patria k nim: nízka úroveň vzdelania, strata sluchu, vysoký LDL cholesterol, depresia, úrazové poranenie mozgu, fyzická nečinnosť, diabetes mellitus, fajčenie, vysoký krvný tlak, obezita, nadmerná konzumácia alkoholu, sociálna izolácia, znečistené ovzdušie (vrátane pasívneho fajčenia) a strata zraku. Týchto 14 rizikových faktorov predstavuje približne 45 % celosvetových demencií, ktorým by sa teoreticky dalo predísť. Napriek narastajúcej dostupnosti informácií, úroveň povedomia verejnosti o preventívnych prístupoch v správaní sa k sebe samým, ktoré môžu nástup demencie významne oddialiť, zostáva nízka. Farmaceuti na Slovensku majú v súčasnosti adekvátne kompetencie, aby vedeli pomôcť aj v oblasti prevencie demencií. Niekedy stačí poradenstvo priamo v lekárni, vo vážnejších prípadoch odporúčanie navštíviť lekára pre ďalšie posúdenie zdravotného stavu. Každopádne, človek takto nezostáva so svojim problémom sám a dostane včasnú a potrebnú zdravotnú starostlivosť.

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E-book

Mária Sováriová Soósová - Renáta Suchanová - Libuša Tirpáková

The presented university textbook provides knowledge in the field of nursing in internal medicine, specifically addressing the specifics of nursing care for patients with respiratory system diseases. It is intended for students of nursing as well as nurses working in this field.

The textbook is divided into six chapters and supplemented with bibliographic references, a list of abbreviations and symbols, a list of tables, and nursing diagnoses according to the NANDA International Taxonomy II classification (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, NANDA-I). For the correct interpretation of new knowledge, its modification, and effective application in specific situations in nursing practice, it is essential to utilize interdisciplinary relationships and apply the latest scientific evidence.

Those interested in further deepening their knowledge are referred to professional and scientific publications, primarily in nursing, clinical propedeutics, internal medicine, pharmacology, psychology, and other medical and humanities disciplines.

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Jozef Kafka 

Otázky človeka, jeho bytia, násilie znepokojujú ľudí od najdávnejších čias ľudskej spoločnosti a sú nemalými problémami aj v prítomnosti. V tejto pôvodnej práci, ktorej predchádzali viaceré štúdie autora (najpodrobnejšie Kafka, 2002), sa zameriavam na opísanie násilia vo všetkých základných formách, čo je jednou z jej osobitostí. Podávam operačný výmer násilia:

Násilie je vedomá ľudská činnosť využívajúca ako prostriedok násilného činu fyzickú alebo psychickú silu na ovplyvnenie druhého človeka (pri pôsobení na seba ide o zvláštny prípad násilia), ktorý potom koná pod vplyvom tohto pôsobenia nedobrovoľne, z donútenia.

Nazdávam sa, že násilie charakterizuje určitá situácia, v ktorej sa stretávajú najmenej dvaja ľudia: aktér násilia a obeť násilia, alebo sa stretajú dvaja aktéri a jeden z nich sa zvyčajne stane obeťou. To je však osobitný prípad, ktorým sa teraz nebudem zaoberať. Ak je násilie zamerané proti vlastnej osobe, je aktér násilia súčasne aj obeťou. Aktér, ktorého osobnosť a motívy bývajú rôzne, začína násilný čin využívajúc pritom viaceré prostriedky a pôsobí nimi na druhého človeka, ktorého núti vykonávať svoju vôľu, čím sa tento stáva obeťou. Celý akt má určité následky. Napadnutý sa môže brániť tak, že násilie zvládne alebo to môže skončiť tragicky, keď násiliu podľahne. Táto relatívne jednoduchá reakcia sa stáva zložitejšou pri skupinovej forme násilia a celkom neprehľadnou pri hromadnom násilí.

Opisujem tieto základné formy násilia:

• - násilie proti vlastnej osobe vrátane samovraždy,
• - násilie individuálne, spôsobené jedným aktérom násilia,
• - násilie skupinové, charakterizované malými skupinami,
• - násilie hromadné alebo kolektívne medzi veľkými skupinami, vrátane vojen a revolúcií,
• - násilie proti neživej a živej prírode.

Práca končí krátkou analýzou liečby násilného správania a dôsledkov násilia s možnosťami jej prevencie. Opieram sa aj o vlastné skúsenosti s prejavmi násilia v psychiatrických zariadeniach. Nazdávam sa, že je to práca veľmi aktuálna, informatívna, ale aj pôvodná, lebo podáva v koncentrovanej podobe celý rozsiahly fenomén násilia s jeho základnými charakteristikami. Podobnú prácu v našej literatúre nemáme.

Autor

Květuše Lovásová a kol. 

Despite the wide range of high quality textbooks offered on the Slovak market there is no publication with colorful pictures and schemes that can serve as an principal tool for practical and theoretical teaching of neuroanatomy for future psychologists in non-medical academic programmes of Arts and Science Faculties. Following new trends in methods of teaching, it is necessary to pay more attention to quality, depth, and effectiveness of education.

Such kind of illustrated textbook with the interesting graphic design should connect this important morphological subject and clinical medicine to understand the nervous system in the clinical context. This publication was created by using of original, new detailed pictures, and graphic schemes and was supplemented with a short clinical notes. It will be very helpfull to understand the details of neuroanatomical structures and brain regions.

We hope that originality and details of this book will find its application in studies of neuroanatomy for psychologists. 

E-book

Jana Raková et al.

The proposed university textbook focuses on topics related to nutrition and nutritional recommendations for patients with selected diseases.

The aim is to provide dietary recommendations for patients with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, and bone and joint diseases. An important part of the content includes nutrition in relation to cancer. Beneficial for the present time is also a chapter focused on food allergies and intolerances.

The publication highlights specific and targeted nutritional interventions as part of the treatment regimen, which is essential to know and follow in a patient's personal life.

PhDr. Jana Raková, PhD.
(on behalf of the authors' collective)

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E-book

Ivana Skoumalová - Zuzana Dankulincová

The publication entitled Competencies for clinical practice in the field of communication with the patient serves as the background and teaching material.

The text is structured to bring theoretical knowledge about the topic, current research findings in the field and practical tips for training skills in practice. It provides clear information on individual parts of the training and is designed to acquire knowledge that is the basis for practical skills in medical communication, especially in communication with patients.

It is intended for general and dental students to deepen their knowledge and acquire missing skills in medical communication, which are evidence-based and research-validated skills that have a demonstrable positive impact on patient communication.

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