Malý anglicko-slovenský slovník verzologických pojmov

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Monika Hricová

Despite the fact that a psychologist may have a good moral background, it is necessary for everyone to know and act in accordance with ethical professional principles in order not to harm the clients with whom they work in the course of psychological practice. There are many case studies in the professional literature that describe serious situations of violations of psychological ethics. On the one hand, they depict conscious professional misconduct or ignorance. On the other hand, they have contributed to the introduction of even legal standards for the ethical behavior of psychologists as professionals. Completion of a course or training in the topic of psychological ethics is required by several professional associations abroad, especially in the last years of undergraduate studies. Their goal is to supervise the quality and preparation of future psychologists. The university textbook Do I Have It or Not: Ethics in Psychological Practice provides a summary of essential information on the ethics of conducting psychological practice, the boundaries of the relationship with the client, and the rules of confidentiality. The goal is not for the student, as a future psychologist, to know ethical rules word for word, but for them to be sufficiently ethically sensitive.

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Štefan Jusko

The goal of the monograph is to highlight the significant problem of interpreting the Socratic question, as its approach represents a method of interpreting the history of philosophy, specifically in our case, the interpretation of Socrates and Plato. The Socratic question can be grasped in diametrically different ways, as shown by Patočka and Nietzsche, among others. The former aligns with Socrates and innovatively updates his question for the present. The latter is ambivalent towards Socrates but ultimately labels him a decadent.

In the first part of the monograph, Patočka's characterization of human existence is presented, which he formulates as unified and morally firm. Patočka interprets the Socratic question as care for the soul, for its well-being, without deriving the concept of good from something positively defined but from the whole world, which can only be defined negatively due to its constant openness. This sphere of negativity is for Patočka something immensely positive because transcendence lifts humans from relative goods to the overall meaning, making them morally capable in the true sense. The good, i.e., the requirement for a surge, for a turn of humans from the world of things to the whole world, is for him a program that Socrates first formulated through his knowing ignorance.

The second part of the work is dedicated to Nietzsche's concept based on the non-unified nature of human existence, which is not derived from the whole world or overall meaning but from situational meaning. Nietzsche strives to prove that in every situation, human existence is exposed to two opposing perspectives, between which it is impossible to decide which is correct. He concludes that both perspectives are equally valid and mutually conditioned, meaning that the opposite of good, what threatens meaning, is a beneficial condition for situational meaning. He labels this level as immoral, as a sphere where human existence creates meaning outside the thinking of good and evil in opposition.

The conclusion of the work is open because, as it turns out, we do not have a common denominator that could decide on the correctness of one or the other concept. Precisely in this lies the fact that the Socratic question remains a serious philosophical problem even today.

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Dušan Šlosár - Vladimír Lichner

This university textbook aims to provide readers with knowledge of the philosophical foundations, meaning, and purpose of mediation, based on research and analysis of mediators' activities. In countries where mediation services operate, their staff often include graduates of social work departments.

An individual approach to both the perpetrator and victim of a criminal offense requires knowledge and skills from social work, psychology, sociology, communication, and related fields tied to social work. The principles of social work apply not only in social policy and social care but also in justice. A mediator’s mission is to facilitate alternative resolutions to unlawful acts while preserving the purpose of legal proceedings as defined by valid legal norms. They fulfill this mission through specific methods of individual social work applied in the justice sector. The mediator’s focus extends beyond the current conflict to uncover related issues, activate parties to resolve disputes, and prevent new conflicts.

Special attention is devoted to the philosophical foundations of mediation in Slovakia. We provide an overview of mediators’ core activities and mediation types used to uphold justice in Slovakia. We analyze mediation goals, the roles of parties involved, and procedural steps. In applying mediation, we explore its potential and implementation in both legal and social work contexts.

As indicated, mediation cannot be understood solely as a specialized activity in criminal justice, as it has broader applications in non-judicial dispute resolution, such as family or community work, which are often overlooked by the public. The mediator’s approach to diverse target groups is grounded in theoretical frameworks. From this foundation, we derive activities expected of mediators in the future. Expanded activities arise from concrete situations encountered during mediation.

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Eva Žiaková

Zborník príspevkov z vedeckej konferencie s medzinárodnou účasťou konanej dňa 27. 11. 2015 v Košiciach

 Ľubov Vladyková 

Ekologická etika ako typ aplikovanej etiky sa orientuje: 1. problémovo – poukazuje na konkrétne problémové oblasti poškodzovania prírody, napr. toxické odpady, kyslé dažde a i., riešia sa zložité prepojenia etických, technických, ekonomických a politických otázok, otázok medzinárodného práva a bezpečnosti; alebo sa fundament ekologických problémov odhaľuje ako: 2. odcudzenie človeka od hlbokých koreňov bytia, od biotopu, od vlastnej prirodzenosti, od existenčného habitatu, resp. zodpovednosti voči svetu prírody atď. Tu vystupuje do popredia požiadavka inkrementálneho rozšírenia morálky – pozornosť sa sústreďuje na problematiku rozšírenej etizácie a hodnotovej autonómie všetkých fragmentov biosféry (diskusie o možnostiach proprírodnej axiológie). Tretí typ koncepcií odkrýva príčinu ekologickej krízy: 3. v prevládajúcich postojoch moderného Západu k prírode; ich cieľom je vybudovať od základu nové axiologické, ontologické a etické východiská reflektujúce alternatívne postoje voči prírode.

Autorka

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Myroslava Fabian

The academic textbook entitled “Stylistics: Theory and Practice, Part I” responds to the need identified by the author in her own teaching practice to supply the students with both theoretical and practical materials to the lecture and seminar course of contemporary English Stylistics.

Taking into account the richness and variety of English stylistic means of communication, the author dwells on basic notions of the academic course in question, describes stylistic semasiology as well as phonetic, syntactic expressive means and stylistic devices, offers practical help to stylistically identify, classify and describe the elements of language used in speech.

The textbook is designed for university students of English philology, students of English translation and interpretation study programmes, and also for students majoring in other disciplines combined with English language studies, as well as for those who study in English are expected to engage in scientific inquiry, document their research in Bachelor and Master theses or in doctoral dissertations written in English, and to present their work to their academic community.

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Mikuláš Jančura - Alžbeta Śnieżko   

In connection with the 30th anniversary of the Velvet Revolution, which was commemorated in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2019, an interactive exhibition titled "First Touch of Freedom" was organized under the auspices of Košice Self-Governing Region in collaboration with Ján Bocatius Public Library in Košice, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Nation's Memory Institute, and Slovak Radio and Television. The exhibition took place at Ján Bocatius Public Library and aimed to recall November's events from 1989 while emphasizing its cultural-social dimension and impact.

Conceptually, it focused on developing five dimensions of historical consciousness—a concept mainly developed in contemporary subject-specific didactics for history—namely identity, historicity, memory, spatial awareness, and temporal awareness.

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Iveta Bónová

The textbook is addressed to up-and-coming media staffers and teachers of Slovak language, a target group which will be a prospective model for common users in their language behaviour. It poses an educational project that points out to the correlation of standard language and language (primarily orthoepical) norm.

The publication is structured in the way that after the explanation of the given orthoepical problem on the segmenal level (in correspondence with the valid orthoepical norm anchored in Rules of Slovak Orthoepy by Á. Kráľ, 2005, 2009), there follow exercises with an aim to know and practically apply presented norms as standardised acoustic forms. However, considering the natural (not artificial) language and the real (not absolutely ideal) norm, under the exercises we give sociolinguistically oriented topics and tasks for discussion (sometimes also with references to specialist sources) with an aim to draw the listeners’ attention to the current state of live, phonically realised language, or to possible solutions that functionally correspond to the interests and needs of lanugage community and are not in contradiction with internal language rules at the same time.

An explanation of particular orthopeic phenomena on the segmental level is closed not only with exercices and topics for discussion but also with a short test in which students can individually verify their special competences in connection to speech practise.

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Karin Sabolíková

The monograph provides a brief insight into the theory of news structures in the press and, consequently, the theoretical framework of critical discourse analysis is applied in an examination of the structures of news. Critical discourse analysis following the theory and methodology of Teun van Dijk is used to analyse the representation of an industrial dispute, the Miners’ Strike of 1984-1985 in the UK, in the Czechoslovak newspaper Pravda.

The aim of the monograph is to examine the ways in which a single news item dealing with an international event was presented in a national newspaper based on its ideological perspective. The presented analysis does not cover all possible aspects of van Dijk’s approach of critical discourse analysis. A variety of issues remains to be explored in order to develop a richer, more complex analysis of the text structures. The monograph also intends to demonstrate that critical discourse analysis can complement more qualitatively the traditional method of quantitative content analysis.

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Beata Gajdošová

Nedá sa byť v kontakte s prístupom orientovaným na človeka a nebyť ním ovplyvnený. Carl Random Rogers bol a je vnímaný aj v súčasnosti ako jeden z najvplyvnejších psychológov 20. storočia (Cook, et al., 2009). Ako prvý psychológ bol počas svojho života odmenený Americkou psychologickou asociáciou dvakrát; v roku 1957 za prínos vo výskume na poli psychoterapie a v roku 1973 za význačný profesionálny prínos. Vyvinul vlastný psychoterapeutický prístup, terapiu zameranú na klienta, kde na rozdiel od existujúcich psychoterapeutických prístupov má liečivú silu samotný vzťah medzi klientom a terapeutom a nie aplikujúca metóda. Rogers a jeho spolupracovníci boli prví, ktorí nahrali, prepísali a spublikovali kompletné prípady terapeutických rozhovorov a spustili systematický výskum na poli psychoterapie. Použitím pojmu klient namiesto pacient s hľadaním zdrojov zmeny vo vnútri človeka vytvoril nemedicínsky model pomoci ako súčasť pomáhajúcich profesií (Capuzzi, Gross, 2001). Rogersom vytvorená teória self je teóriou, ktorá je vkladaná do mnohých súčasných textov psychológie (Cloninger, 2003; Feist, Feist, 2001; Ryckman, 2004).

Rogers radikálne ovplyvnil chápanie a poslanie psychoterapie; hlavne chápanie vzťahu medzi terapeutom a klientom. Vníma klienta ako toho, kto má v sebe potenciál zmeny, sily podporujúce rozširovanie a rast a najlepšie rozumie svojmu vnútornému svetu. Terapeut, poradca je ten, ktorý sa snaží vytvoriť prostredníctvom vzťahu bezpečné prostredie pre zmenu klienta, pre možnosť prejavenia sa vnútorným silám rastu a zrenia sídliacich v každom človeku. Bezpečné prostredie, tzn. samotný terapeutický vzťah porozumenia, bezpodmienkového prijatia a vnútornej harmónie terapeuta, ak je takto vnímaný aj klientom, je liečivý a je prostriedkom zmeny osobnosti klienta.

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Lucia Tóthová - Katarína Šiňanská - Eva Žiaková

Here is the translation of the provided text into English: A guide to oncological treatment was created at a time when the importance of health became even more emphasized, becoming a kind of mega-value for the new modern "pandemic" human. The use of the term "pandemic" person arose, of course, in connection with the emergence of the coronavirus pandemic worldwide, but primarily because other dangerous long-term diseases that threaten contemporary humans are somehow being pushed into the background.

The severity of such diseases (including cancer) does not diminish just because attention has shifted to something more acute. It is very important to realize this and not fall under the illusion that if we overcome an acute danger, then automatically improve conditions for chronic diseases as well. We believe it's quite the opposite; prolonged stress and social negative factors constantly affecting us—among which undoubtedly includes pandemic situations—worsen not only psychological but also somatic states.

The guide to oncological treatment aims precisely at highlighting those psychological and social factors that negatively "support" cancer development in any form and can positively influence treatment and coping with illness. The guide offers opportunities for social engagement with groups of people undergoing similar oncological treatments, allowing them to share psychologically as well as professionally similar situations with those facing similar problems in treatment. The authors hope that this guidebook will reach those who will become more self-sufficient in overcoming such a formidable enemy as cancer.

Authors

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Blanka Jenčíková - Ulrika Strömplová

Text book Betriebswirtschaft für Übersetzer. Lehr- und Übungsbuch is primarily intended for students of translation and interpreting who speak German at least at level B1 of the European Framework of Reference for Languages. The aim is to convey basic knowledge about business and entrepreneurship, to build a basic terminology database, to consolidate selected grammatical phenomena, and to develop translation procedures and strategies. The thematic areas were selected with regard to common translation and interpretation practice.

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Lucia Tóthová - Eva Žiaková

The current time is fast, hasty, with strongly asserted women's emancipation, absorbed by information and communication technologies that overcome distances but create them at the same time. The lifestyle of humans is changing, many diseases are on the rise, and cancer is becoming a "trend of the present". Claims on man, and especially on women, are now too great. Women perform multiple roles and perform many tasks. They become caregiving mothers, understanding and surrendered wives, workers with professionalism and flexibility, and idols the myth of beauty too. Due to the overlapping of the traditional gender division of labor, the life of women takes place on several levels. Their work day does not end when they leave the job, but they continue to care for their household and their own family. Besides all, they strive to fulfill not only personal expectations, but also the expectations of the family, social environment and society, reject failure and strive for perfectionism.

In our lives, situations that affect and burden us more or less appear. Even though we can not in control everything and everyone, we are able to control situations that are of direct concern to us. In life, we encounter problems in employment, financial problems, illness or death of near. As well as negative, also positive situations affect us. Each responds to each situation different ways.

Monograph is one of the ways in which we aim to draw attention to the so "C-coping style" as a maladaptive way of managing the burden that is typical of oncological ill patients. It is one of the possible concepts that affect the manifestation of breast cancer. Based on this, we have focused on the used coping strategies and we consider the life events to be a significant burden in the lives of cancer patients. The research is aimed at synthesizing the life events and the coping strategies used to coping them, conceived as a risk behavior of patients with breast cancer. As the coping of the burden can be different between men and women, the monograph is intended predominantly for women, to which we have also focused in realized research. They can be patients with oncological diagnosis, but also women who want to prevent this disease by use effective coping life events. We also believe that the monograph will enrich everyone who is interested in the same target group.

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Mikuláš Jančura - Maroš Melichárek (eds.)

Študentská vedecká konferencia je v rámci akreditovaných študijných programov Katedry histórie Filozofickej fakulty UPJŠ definovaná ako povinne voliteľný predmet. Po prvý krát bola na pôde katedry usporiadaná v roku 2011. Primárnym cieľom, tohto už tradičného podujatia, je prezentácia čiastkových výstupov študentského autorského výskumu, naviazaného predovšetkým na vybrané faktické časti či teoretické východiská bakalárskych a magisterských záverečných prác. Z toho vyplýva aj široké tematické spektrum vnútorného obsahu jednotlivých konferencií. Okrem udelenia kreditov za absolvovanie disponuje konferencia vo vzťahu k študentom celým radom pridaných hodnôt, ktorých sprostredkovanie možno chápať ako jej sekundárne ciele.

Študenti, ktorí sú na rôznych stupňoch ich študijného rastu, tak majú pri príprave svojich príspevkov možnosť intenzívnejšie spolupracovať so svojimi školiteľmi, v rámci konferencie prezentovať svoje poznatky pred širším auditóriom a v neposlednom rade, majú možnosť dostať spätnú väzbu od odbornej komisie tvorenej pedagógmi z Katedry histórie. Nemenej dôležité je tiež nadobudnutie schopností prezentovať „veľký“ text v limitovanom časovom úseku, vysporiadať sa s konštruktívnou kritikou a adekvátne na ňu reagovať či schopnosť adekvátne a pružne reagovať na otázky a podnety v otvorenej diskusii. Ako organizátori podujatia a zároveň vysokoškolskí pedagógovia považujeme za dôležité tieto schopnosti a kompetencie u študentov rozvíjať. Zároveň máme za to, že toto nadobudnuté poznanie môžu študenti pozitívne využiť vo svojej budúcej praxi a to či už ako profesionálni historici, alebo ako učitelia dejepisu.

Od roku 2011 sa študentská vedecká konferencia teší relatívne čulému záujmu čo dokladuje každoročný priemerný počet 10 až 15 prednášajúcich. Svoje príspevky v rámci 10 ročnej tradície podujatia predniesli aj študenti, ktorí v súčasnosti pôsobia ako úspešní doktorandi, vysokoškolskí tvoriví zamestnanci, výskumníci a učitelia dejepisu. Spomenúť možno napr. mená ako Dominika Kleinová (KKD UP), Vavrinec Žeňuch (IH FF PU), Katarína Lukáčová (KH FF UPJŠ), Peter Pavonič, Zuzana Janíková (KH FF UPJŠ), Oliver Zajac (HÚ SAV), Michal Mako (FF MUNI) či Miroslava Gallová a Patrícia Fogelová (SvÚ CSPV SAV v Košiciach).

Na tomto základe sme ako organizátori považovali za prínosné, aby sme „okrúhly“ ročník študentskej vedeckej konferencie kvalitatívne posunuli vyššie a dali možnosť študentom svoje príspevky publikovať. V rámci predkladaného zborníka je publikovaných 7 textov, z toho 4 z bakalárskeho a 3 z magisterského stupňa štúdia. Príspevky postihujú širšie spektrum, prevažne kultúrno-historických tém v časovom horizonte od raného stredoveku až po druhú polovicu 20. storočia, čo dokladá zároveň aj širokú paletu spracovávaných tém záverečných prác na katedre. V rámci bloku venovanému starším dejinám sú obsiahnuté príspevky od Kataríny Jurčovej, ktorá priblížila problematiku Ostrogótskych kráľov, Bc. Kristíny Laškotyovej s príklonom ku kultúrnohistorickej rovine románu Tristan a Izolda, Estery Pracuovej, ktorá sa venovala sonde do problematiky hrdelných trestov v stredoveku a rannom novoveku a Bc. Márie Rebičovej, ktorá priblížila problematiku kráľovských sobášov v Uhorsku počas neskorého stredoveku. Blok novších dejín zastupujú príspevky Bc. Samuela Filipa venované fenoménu vojnovej fotografie, Bc. Heleny Kuncovej, ktorá priblížila aplikáciu moderných marketingových postupov v automobilovej reklame medzivojnového obdobia a Bc. Moniky Tresovej, ktorá priblížila osobnosť Rudolfa Fibyho a jeho pôsobenie v kontexte samizdatovej činnosti v 80. rokoch 20. storočia.

Ako organizátori podujatia máme ambíciu, aby sa z publikovania zborníka stala rovnaká tradícia, ako sa stala zo samotnej študentskej vedeckej konferencie, pretože to považujeme vo vzťahu k práci s našimi študentmi za zmysluplné. V neposlednom rade je potrebné vysloviť poďakovanie nášmu kolegovi a priateľovi Mgr. Henrichovi Hrehorovi, PhD., ktorý bol od roku 2011 dlhodobo hlavným organizátorom a „duchovným otcom“ celého podujatia. Vďaka patrí aj vedúcemu katedry za každoročnú podporu a kolegom, ktorí sa ujali recenzovania príspevkov v rámci predkladaného zborníka.

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Štefan Jusko

Selected chapters from axiology are the result of the author's multi-year research work and also a certain fulfillment of the requirements from pedagogical practice in this subject. The chapters in this synthesizing form have not been published yet, and I am convinced that precisely in this form they can acquire higher value and greater real impact on our philosophy students.

Individual chapters focus on the problem of the collapse of traditional values, often leading to nihilism and loss of meaning in human existence. It is no coincidence that Friedrich Nietzsche, a philosopher who first called for a reevaluation of all values, is a common denominator among these texts. Another key figure is F. Dostojevskij, a Russian philosophising writer who views nihilism—the problem of value destruction—differently. The goal of these texts is literally to provoke our students so that they independently and creatively address questions related to the meaning of their own existence.

As I am convinced, our time presents a great challenge for new, original ideas and axiological judgments that have always preceded cognitive ones. To what extent my intentions and goals have been fulfilled remains up to the reader to decide.

Autor

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Silvia Kontírová a kol.

Tento prepracovaný a doplnený učebný text chce byť zrozumiteľným a praktickým pomocníkom pre študentov magisterského stupňa štúdia učiteľstva akademických predmetov na Filozofickej fakulte UPJŠ a Prírodovedeckej fakulte UPJŠ v Košiciach absolvujúcich povinné predmety pedagogická prax. Jeho všeobecná časť sa zaoberá poslaním, primárnymi ľudskými činiteľmi, druhmi a formami pedagogickej praxe ako jednej z povinných organizačných foriem učiteľského štúdia a špecifikami pedagogickej praxe v podmienkach UPJŠ. Špeciálna časť obsahuje základné informácie a povinnú dokumentáciu praktikantov k chronologicky zoradeným druhom pedagogických praxí na UPJŠ. Autori Vám budú vďační, ak ich na prípadné chyby a nedostatky učebného textu upozorníte prostredníctvom e-mailovej adresy silvia.kontirova@upjs.sk.

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