Procesné právo - Význam súdneho procesu a civilné sporové konanie

E-book

Jana Žuľová (ed.)

Collection of Scientific Works

Article 35 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic guarantees everyone the right to freely choose their profession and receive training for it, as well as the right to engage in entrepreneurial or other gainful activity. Everyone has the right to freely decide whether to secure their livelihood through self-employment—with all the associated consequences and risks—or through employment within labor-law relationships by performing dependent work.

The framework and rules for exercising these rights are primarily regulated by labor, commercial, and tax legislation, each with its own set of rights and obligations applicable specifically to entrepreneurs and employees. Constant competitive pressure, along with the effects of economic crises, pushes employers to seek ways to extract the most from workers while optimizing for the lowest possible insurance, administrative, and tax costs. As a result, employment contracts are being terminated, and under the pressure of losing their income, individuals are "voluntarily" shifting to commercial-law relationships.

This situation, along with other distortions in the labor market, confronts those entitled to work with unfair practices by employers, thereby undermining their ability to freely exercise this fundamental right.

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Žofia Mrázová -  Natália Kalinák (eds.)

The Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law in cooperation with the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law and the Department of International Law and European Law of the Faculty of Law of the University of Applied Sciences in Košice organized the IXth annual student symposium, this time on commercial, labour and private international law. The student symposium under the title Decision-making practice of judicial authorities in private law took place on 29 November 2024 at the premises of the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice. The symposium was prepared within the framework of the scientific projects APVV-23-0331 “Integration of the Capital Markets Union: change of corporate financing and rescue of companies in financial difficulties” and APVV-21-0336 “Analysis of judicial decisions by artificial intelligence methods.”

This year was exceptional in that the organizers of the event decided to change the usual concept of preparing and presenting a professional article on a chosen topic. This time the students chose interesting decisions of the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court or the Court of Justice of the European Union. They concentrated on working with one particular decision, which they analysed in detail and drafted a gloss - an expert explanation or commentary on the chosen decision. Their task consisted of a brief presentation of the facts, identification of the legal questions that the judicial authorities sought to answer, a legal analysis of the problem addressed, and an assessment of the significance of the decision for the practice of application. In their analyses, the students dealt with topical issues such as the joint action of a proxy and a member of the body, the consequences of a breach of the pre-emptive right, or the repugnancy of an agreement on the division of the community of property of the spouses. In employment law, decisions were presented concerning the right of the father of a child to a breastfeeding break or the wearing of symbols at work. In the section on private international law, the case law on cross-border relocation of the seat as well as on the choice of international jurisdiction of the courts was analysed.

The present proceedings consist of written outputs of students from this event. We are delighted that the students again this year approached their task with enthusiasm and conscientiousness. Finally, our sincere thanks go to all those who contributed to the success of the symposium.

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Žofia Šuleková (ed.)

Proceedings of the Contributions from the IV. Student Symposium on Corporate Law held on November 24-25, 2016, at the Training Facility of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Danišovce.

The Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice organized the fourth edition of the student symposium, this time focusing on corporate law.

The event took place on November 24-25, 2016, at the training facility of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Danišovce. The aim of the annually organized symposiums is to create a discussion platform for students with the participation of mentors from the department, including teachers, researchers, and doctoral students. This year’s symposium focused on problematic issues related to the legal status of a partner in a commercial company. The topics were assigned to allow students to demonstrate and develop their analytical and argumentative skills while improving their ability to present and formulate their own views and perspectives.

The presented proceedings are the outcome of the students' work from this event.

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Milena Barinková (ed.)

The complex of legal norms protecting work, ensuring safety and health protection at work, is very broad in scope, extending beyond the Labour Code to include other specific legal regulations, collective agreements, executive legal regulations, and internal corporate normative acts.

Health protection of employees from hazardous workplace influences is a central requirement stemming from fundamental human rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. To ensure its universal enforcement across all employers in both private and public sectors, strict regulation through cogent norms is fully justified. The European Commission’s Communication to the European Parliament, Council, European Economic and Social Committee, and Committee of the Regions on the EU Strategic Framework on Health and Safety at Work 2014–2020 (COM(2014) 332 final) addresses the need to account for labor market changes arising from demographic shifts, aging populations, and technological advancements.

Work pace demands are intensifying, and all age categories of employees must adapt to new technologies, organizational changes, and evolving job structures. This increases requirements for maintaining health fitness throughout entire professional careers. Mental health fitness, which receives insufficient specific attention, is an inherent part of health fitness requirements. Prevention plays a critical role in mental health protection.

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Marcel Dolobáč - Ľuboš Dobrovič (eds.)

Reviewed Proceedings of Contributions from a Scientific Conference

This reviewed collection of contributions from the scientific e-conference Legal Language in Application Practice, held from December 3 to 21, 2018, presents various academic contributions.

Legal language, as expressed in legal norms, is specific and should ideally be unambiguous, concise, and resistant to multiple interpretations. Is this an ideal world that does not exist but is worth striving for? Interpretative challenges and ambiguities in legal language and terminology (especially in the Labour Code) led the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law at UPJŠ in Košice to undertake the VEGA grant project No. 1/0526/17 titled Linguistic and Sanction Mechanisms in the Creation and Operation of Labour Law Norms.

As part of this grant project, the department organized an e-conference open not only to labor law specialists but also to experts from other legal fields. Unsurprisingly, interpretative issues extend beyond labor law. The contributions in this collection are thus somewhat interdisciplinary, though with a focus on labor law. We hope this collection serves as an introduction to broader research and deeper study of legal language by experts beyond legal theory. Additionally, we trust these contributions will inspire you, the readers.

Authors

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Kolektív autorov

Titul Stavebný zákon a územné plánovanie obsahuje úplné znenie novelizovaných zákonov, vyhlášok a opatrení z oblastí stavebníctva a rozvoja bývania. V publikácií sú zákony venované územnému plánovaniu, vlastníctvu bytov a nebytových priestorov, výstavbe, štátnej podpore nájomného bývania, energetike, pozemkovým spoločenstvám, vlastníctvu k pozemkom a iné. Všetky právne predpisy obsahujú zmeny k 1. 1. 2026. Zmeny v zákonoch sú v texte prehľadne vyznačené.

Stavebný zákon a územné plánovanie obsahuje témy:
1. Stavebný zákon a súvisiace predpisy
ZÁKON č. 25/2025 Z. z. Stavebný zákon
VYHLÁŠKA č. 59/2025 Z. z. o členení stavieb
VYHLÁŠKA č. 60/2025 Z. z. o štruktúre a prevádzke infor. systému územ. plánovania a výstavby
ZÁKON č. 200/2022 Z. z. o územnom plánovaní
ZÁKON č.  182/1993 Z. z. o vlastníctve bytov a nebytových priestorov
ZÁKON č. 608/2003 Z. z. o štátnej správe pre územné plánovanie, stav.poriadok a bývanie
ZÁKON č. 162/1995 Z. z. o katastri nehnuteľností (katastrálny zákon)
2. Energetika
ZÁKON č. 251/2012 Z. z. o energetike
ZÁKON č. 555/2005 Z. z. o energetickej hospodárnosti budov
ZÁKON č. 260/2025 Z. z. o adresnej energopomoci
3. Stavebné výrobky
ZÁKON č. 133/2013 z. z. o stavebných výrobkoch
VYHLÁŠKA č. 323/2010 Z. z., ktorou sa vykonáva Štatistická klasifikácia stavieb
4. Bývanie
ZÁKON č. 150/2013 Z. z. o Štátnom fonde rozvoja bývania
ZÁKON č. 222/2022 Z. z. o štátnej podpore nájomného bývania
ZÁKON č. 443/2010 Z. z. o dotáciách na rozvoj bývania a o sociálnom bývaní
ZÁKON č. 310/1992 Zb. o stavebnom sporení
OPATRENIE č. 238/2025 Z. z. o výške štátnej prémie na stavebné sporenie na rok 2026
PREHĽAD OPATRENÍ o výške štátnej prémie na stavebné sporenie
5. Pôda
ZÁKON č. 229/1991 Zb. o úprave vlastníckych vzťahov k pôde a inému poľn. majetku
ZÁKON č. 97/2013 Z. z. o pozemkových spoločenstvách
ZÁKON č. 330/1991 Zb. o pozem. úpravách, usporiadaní pozem. vlastníctva...
ZÁKON č. 180/1995 Z. z. o niektorých opatr. na usporiadanie vlastníctva k pozemkom
ZÁKON č. 503/2003 Z. z. o navrátení vlastníctva k pozemkom
ZÁKON č. 504/2003 Z. z. o nájme poľ. pozemkov, poľ. podniku a lesných pozemkov
ZÁKON č. 280/2017 Z. z. o poskytovaní podpory a dotácie v pôdohosp. a rozvoji vidieka
ZÁKON č. 282/2015 Z. z. o vyvlastňovaní pozemkov a stavieb

E-book

Juraj Panigaj (ed.)

Collection of Contributions from the XVth Student Symposium on International Law and European Law, held on April 22, 2022, in a hybrid format, with the participation of students from the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and the Faculty of Law of Trnava University in Trnava.

The jubilee XV. year of student symposium from international and European law took place at the University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik, faculty of law, on April 22, 2022, symbolically on Day Earth. This year's event was dedicated to the increasingly pressing issue of environmental protection. The topic "Green ambitions in the light of European and international law" appealed to many students, resulting in several interesting contributions, falling under both European Union law and international law. European law currently brings great challenges, but also expectations through the European Green Deal. This is also why several student contributions dealt with topics falling under the European Green Deal, either from the point of view of its individual initiatives in general, or more specifically, in the intentions of Agenda 2030, or the implementation of the so-called green diplomacy.

The other part of contributions dealt with environmental protection within international law. Students addressed issues of an environmental nature in the areas of climate change, international maritime law, atmospheric protection, or the issue of so-called climate refugees. The publication itself is an output of the APVV project APVV-20-0576 "Green ambitions for sustainable development (European Green Deal in the context of international and national law)".

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Ladislav Orosz– Simona Karafová – Martina Makaturová (eds.)

Zborník z XIII. ústavných dní s názvom „Konanie o súlade právnych predpisov – návrhové oprávnenie a účinky rozhodnutí ústavného súdu“ reflektuje novú právnu úpravu účinnú od 1. januára 2025, konkrétne čl. 127 ods. 5 Ústavy SR, ktorá rozširuje právomoci sťažovateľov iniciovať konanie o súlade právnych predpisov prostredníctvom Ústavného súdu Slovenskej republiky. Príspevky renomovaných odborníkov mapujú teoretické aj praktické výzvy spojené s touto novou kompetenciou. Zborník tematicky pokrýva otázky týkajúce sa iniciačných mechanizmov senátov Ústavného súdu, derogačných a časových účinkov rozhodnutí či komparatívnych skúseností z Českej republiky, Maďarska a Poľska. Publikácia zároveň ponúka reflexiu širších javov, ako je judicializácia politického života, či rast implicitných právomocí ústavných súdov. Niektoré príspevky sa zameriavajú na otázky právnej istoty a retroaktivity derogačných nálezov, najmä v konaniach iniciovaných všeobecnými súdmi. Iné analyzujú aplikačné dopady spojenia individuálnej ústavnej sťažnosti a abstraktnej kontroly právnych predpisov. Publikácia obsahuje aj úvahy o ústavnoprávnych dôsledkoch porušenia konzultačnej povinnosti s Európskou centrálnou bankou. Nechýbajú reflexie o možnostiach ústavného preskúmania noriem v oblasti rozpočtovej zodpovednosti. Zborník ponúka pestrú škálu domácich aj komparatívnych prístupov k výzvam spojeným s novou rozhodovacou agendou. Je tak hodnotným príspevkom do diskusie o posilnení ochrany ústavnosti v Slovenskej republike.

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Lukáš Michaľov - Katarína Koromházová (eds.)

The Collection of scientific contributions "Privatization of public law versus publicity of private law" is an output of the International scientific conference of Phd. students and scientific researchers organized by the Department of Criminal Law, Faculty of Law, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University.

The collection contains contributions focused on the issues of the intersection of private and public law, specifically on the privatization of public law and publicity of private law. This is a highly important topic, because the elements of privatization can be found across the entire public law, not only in the field of criminal law, but also in other legal branches of public law.Recently, there have been significant elements of publicity of private law, especially commercial or civil law. Therefore, we consider the topic of the conference and the title of the collection to be appropriately chosen and up to date without any significant limits in scientific research. The participants of theInternational scientific conference in their contributions also focused on de lege ferenda considerations and offer a new perspective on the formation of public or private law.

The aim of the published Collection of scientific contributions isto continue in improving and developing new knowledge of the public law in the field of its privatization and private law in the field of its publicity.

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Kolektív autorov

Publikácia obsahujúca právne predpisy z obchodného a občianskeho v úplnom znení. Všetky zmeny v právnych predpisoch sú zapracované k 1. 1. 2026. Zmeny v zákonoch sú prehľadne vyznačené. Súbor právnych predpisov v obchodnom práve upravuje postavenie podnikateľov, obchodné zaväzkové vzťahy, ako aj niektoré vzťahy súvisiace s podnikaním. Občianske právo vo vzťahu k občanovi upravuje predovšetkým rodinné právo, vlastnícke právo, dedičské právo a záväzkové právo.

Titul obsahuje úplné znenie zákonov a súvisiacich predpisov:
Obchodné právo (1. kapitola)
Zákon č. 513/1991 Zb. Obchodný zákonník
Zákon č. 200/2011 Z. z. o Obchodnom vestníku a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov
Zákon č. 309/2023 Z. z. o premenách obchodných spoločností a družstiev
Zákon č. 272/2015 Z. z. o registri právnických osôb, podnikateľov a orgánov verejnej moci
Zákon č. 530/2003 Z. z. o obchodnom registri a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov
Zákon č. 343/2015 Z. z. o verejnom obstarávaní a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov
Zákon Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky č. 18/1996 Z. z. o cenách
Zákon č. 187/2021 Z. z. o ochrane hospodárskej súťaže
Zákon č. 350/2016 Z. z. o niektorých pravidlách uplatňovania nárokov na náhradu škody spôsobenej porušením práva hospodárskej súťaže
Živnostenský zákon (2. kapitola)
Zákon č. 455/1991 Zb. o živnostenskom podnikaní (živnostenský zákon)
Zákon č. 178/1998 Z. z. o podmienkach predaja výrobkov a poskytovania služieb na trhových miestach
Správne právo (3. kapitola)
Zákon č. 147/2001 Z. z. o reklame
Zákon č. 211/2000 Z. z. o slobodnom prístupe k informáciám a o zmene a doplnení niektorých
zákonov (zákon o slobode informácií)
Zákon č. 382/2004 Z. z. o znalcoch, tlmočníkoch a prekladateľoch
Zákon č. 385/2000 Z. z. o sudcoch a prísediacich
Autorské právo (4. kapitola)
Zákon č. 185/2015 Z. z. Autorský zákon
Občianske právo (5. kapitola)
Zákon č. 40/1964 Zb. Občiansky zákonník
Zákon č. 36/2005 Z. Z. o rodine
Zákon č. 108/2024 Z. Z. o ochrane spotrebiteľa
Zákon č. 514/2003 Z. Z. o zodpovednosti za škodu spôsobenú pri výkone verejnej moci
Zákon č. 116/1990 Zb. o nájme a podnájme nebytových priestorov
Zákon č. 504/2003 Z. Z. o nájme poľnohospodárskych pozemkov, poľnohospodárskeho podniku a lesných pozemkov

Občianske právo ako odvetvie súkromného práva v predmete rieši vzťahy medzi troma subjektmi, a to fyzická osoba, právnická osoba a štát. Uvedené právo upravuje majetkové vzťahy, zakladá sa na princípe rovnosti subjektov a na princípe dobrovoľnosti. Vzťahy v premete občianskeho práva majú rôzny charakter. Osobný a majetkový charakter týka sa napr. pozemkov, nemajetkový charakter sa týka napr. autorského práva a ochrana osobnosti sa týka práva na ochranu mena alebo názoru. Najvyšším prameňom obchodného práva na Slovensku je Obchodný zákonník, ktorý upravuje postavenie podnikateľov, obchodno-záväzkové vzťahy a iné vzťahy s podnikaním súvisiace.

E-book

Jozef Sábo

The monograph deals with two fundamental aspects concerning evaluation of evidence in the law. In the first part, the monograph addresses the question: „How it is possible to apply law in individual case, if human knowledge about past is objectively limited and flawed?“ (e.g. what is the nature of truth in the law?). The second part of the monograph identifies certain models of reasoning concerning factual questions which occur across different individual legal cases (especially tax cases and criminal cases). In that regard, the monograph draws from Anglo-American legal scholarship and deals with three main concepts concerning evaluation of evidence: argumentation, probability and narratives and their role in evaluation of evidence.

The monograph is the output of the grant project APVV no. 16-0160 which deals with the issue of tax evasion and tax avoidance (especially their motivating factors, emergence, and elimination). The author believes that better understanding of evaluation of evidence may contribute to the improvement in effectiveness of tax administration.

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Jana Žuľová - Denisa Rudžiková

In the environment of Slovak employers, an active approach to diversity and inclusion in the workplace is coming to the fore. Targeted diversity and inclusion programs help make employers more attractive on the labor market and attract more job seekers. Proactively, better working conditions are created for employees with responsibilities to the family (in most cases still in relation to mothers), groups of people who have been on the fringes of interest until now are also employed (elderly, disabled, LGBT groups, minorities, graduates of secondary and higher education schools).

The presented collection of abstracts responds to the outlined facts, which is a grouping of the starting motives and conclusions of the contributions presented at the scientific conference Diverse and inclusive workplaces - legislative starting points organized by the department of labor law and social security law of the Faculty of Law of the P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, which took place on September 29, 2023 in a hybrid form.

With their abstracts, the authors point to a range of problematic areas that are not only a reflection of academic considerations, but also those legal questions that have to be dealt with in ordinary legal practice. The goal is to use analysis and explanation to define the existing labor law measures/tools applicable to the implementation of diversity and inclusion in the workplace according to the current Slovak legal framework and the EU legal framework and thus emphasize the starting point of any effort to build diversity and the implementation of inclusion in the workplace.

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Jana Dráčová a kol.

Komentár zákona o katastri nehnuteľnosti a zápise vlastníckych a iných práv k nehnuteľnostiam, teda katastrálneho zákona, platného v Slovenskej republike je doplnený komentárom o porovnateľnej právnej úprave platnej v Českej republike. Tento komparatistický prístup umožňuje čitateľovi rozšíriť si znalosti z pozemkového práva o českú právnu úpravu a umožňuje aj dôslednejšie pochopenie a výklad jednotlivých právnych inštitútov upravených v platnom katastrálnom zákone. Pri jednotlivých ustanoveniach sú uvedené judikáty a to ako zo súdov v Slovenskej republike tak aj z Českej republiky. Na viacerých miestach je komentár doplnený o názory Úradu geodézie, kartografie a katastra SR uverejnené v Bulletine, ktorý tento úrad vydáva. Publikácia obsahuje aj vyhlášku, ktorou sa vykonáva katastrálny zákon a vyhlášku, ktorou sa vydáva Spravovací poriadok pre katastrálne úrady a správy katastra. V závere je uvedený stručný výklad o nadobúdaní vlastníckeho práva v Maďarsku.

E-book

Adrián Popovič a kol.

The possibility of solving the grant project VVGS-2016-284 has provided a unique opportunity for members of the author´s team in the interdisciplinary composition to examine the issue not only from a tax-law point of view, but also from a political point of view. In the presented monograph, the authors focused on the characterization of different aspects of the EU in order to allow the reader correctly understand its position in relation to the outside world and to its inward relations within its Member States in the context of the creation and implementation of the EU tax policy.

Particular attention is paid to the definition of the relationship between national tax legislation and EU law, the impact of the EU's tax policy on the national laws of its Member States, with reference to the identification of the harmonized areas with the approximation of their current stage of development and the final objective. This definition can be seen as a prerequisite for a correct and comprehensive understanding of the application and implementation of EU institutions' initiatives to prevent tax evasion and tax fraud and their implementation into the national legal order of the Slovak Republic. In the last part of the monograph, the authors focused on defining individual EU initiatives to combat tax evasion and tax fraud as a means of implementing its tax policy, in the area of ​​indirect taxation, in particular in the field of value added tax and in the field of direct taxation, especially with regard to corporate taxation, and to evaluate their projection into the national tax legislation of the Slovak Republic. At the same time, in these chapters, they assessed the real impact and effect of the measures admitted on the basis of the initiatives in practice.

The presented work is intended for a university student studying in the field of Tax Law and European Law, as well as the broader legal and economic community. However, in view of the scope and recency of the subject under consideration, the authors believe that the publication will find its application not only in the theoretical field but also in the practical field.

 JUDr. Adrián Popovič

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bolya Katalin Koncz

The exploration of the interplay between innovation and society elucidates fundamental connections between human advancement and societal transformation. Technological development and its dissemination profoundly influence both the economy and social structures, often restructuring them while presenting new challenges and opportunities. This monograph delves into the theme of "Innovation and Society", focusing specifically on how technological advancements impact various facets of society ‒ from the realm of work to social policies and the evolution of gender roles. These areas are approached through a novel lens, examining them from the perspective of legislative reforms enacted and endorsed by the state. The monograph examines the characteristics and legal framework of 20th-century Hungarian society using diverse laws, regulations, and statistical data. Through analyses and documented evidence, it offers a comprehensive understanding of societal structure and operations, encompassing aspects such as the labor market, female employment, the status of industry and commerce, and shifts in legal frameworks. Detailed statistical insights into population dynamics, labor market trends, and economic sectors further deepen our comprehension of social processes. The documents scrutinize the employment distribution and conditions across different sectors, including food processing and milling, while also providing specific details on the roles, distribution, and wages of women in the workforce, with particular emphasis on occupations where women are prominently engaged. The analysis of legislative provisions delineates the historical backdrop and measures enacted for fostering social and economic transformations, covering issues such as patent legislation, guardianship laws, and family law. This compilation offers an exhaustive overview of 20th-century Hungarian society and its legal underpinnings, enriching scholarly inquiries into historical and sociological dimensions within this domain.

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Kristián Csach - Ľubica Širicová

Private international law has undergone dramatic changes in recent periods. The fully operational process of communitarization of this legal field has not yet – and perhaps could not have been – effectively reflected by domestic legislators. Under the current legal status, it is not uncommon for legal issues to intertwine regulations of community origin and domestic legislation (embodied primarily by Act No. 97/1963 Coll. on Private International Law and Procedure).

Questions about the obsolescence of some provisions of this, until recently, universal codified regulation of private international law arise mainly (but not exclusively) from the conflict rules contained in the so-called "Rome I" Regulation on the law applicable to contractual obligations, the "Rome II" Regulation on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations, and most recently in Council Regulation (EC) No. 4/2009 of 18 December 2008 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition, and enforcement of decisions and cooperation in matters relating to maintenance obligations.

Respecting the principle of the primacy of generally binding acts of the Community over domestic law, the correct application of normative texts cannot be achieved without the ability to quickly navigate through the norms and subsequently compare them.

Students and anyone else are therefore confronted with a multitude of legal regulations of substantial scope and detailed regulation. Currently, apart from systematically arranged references on the websites of the Ministry of Justice, we do not find a comprehensive material that would offer an overview of legal regulations in the field of private international law and procedure.

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