Chemistry - Sample Questions for Entrance Exam

Darina Kluchová a kol. 

At present, there is a wide range of anatomy textbooks for medical students but at the same time there is an absence of anatomy books suitable for dental students. This book was designed as a base for study of trunk and limbs for dental students which should gain a sense of anatomy structures, but they do not need know details from these regions.

The amount of information in the book was extensively discussed with colleagues from clinical departments and with anatomy specialists from Slovakia and from abroad as well. Because of serious diversity of opinions we took into consideration also opinions of our specialists from dental medicine. Final material is considered to be a key information required for future dental doctors.

Authors

Mária Mareková  et al.

Predmet Lekárska biochémia plní v medicínskom štúdiu nezastupiteľnú úlohu, naučiť študentov vnímať prirodzené, fyziologické, ako aj chorobné procesy v organizme ako deje odohrávajúce sa na molekulovej úrovni. Na rozlíšenie patologických pochodov od normálnych je potrebné zvládnuť a pochopiť zmysel obrovského množstva biochemických reakcií prebiehajúcich v bunke (bunkový metabolizmus). Osvojenie si týchto faktov je hlavným cieľom predmetu Lekárska biochémia, ktorého zvládnutie je dobrým základom pre štúdium patobiochémie, fyziológie a klinickej biochémie, ako aj mnohých ďalších odborných predmetov medicínskeho štúdia. Pre lepšie zvládnutie a pochopenie biochemických procesov sme pre študentov pripravili vysokoškolskú učebnicu „Lekárska biochémia – Semináre“, ktorá poskytuje študentom okrem teoretických úvodov aj prehľadné schémy procesov a mnoho otázok, vypracovanie ktorých by malo študentom uľahčiť prípravu na skúšku.

Martina Vidová Ugurbas

Plastická chirurgia je vysoko špecializovaný medicínsky odbor, ktorý sa zaoberá korekciou defektov, rekonštrukciou a zdokonaľovaním ľudského tela.

Náplňou plastickej chirurgie je korekcia rôznych defektov, vrodených i získaných. Medzi vrodené chyby patria deformity tváre, rázštepy pery a podnebia, deformity ušnice, vrodené vývojové chyby končatín. Najčastejšie získané defekty sú po poraneniach, po chirurgických výkonoch, po fyzikálnych poškodeniach kože a štruktúr krytých kožou.

Do plastickej chirurgie patrí i estetická chirurgia, onkochirurgia a mikrochirurgia, ktorá si zaslúži osobitnú pozornosť. Novými trendami v estetickej chirurgii je rekonštrukcia pomocou tukového tkaniva, kmeňových buniek, používanie rôznych umelých materiálov a implantátov.

Predložené učebné texty v jednotlivých kapitolách popisujú základné princípy plastickej chirurgie, používanie lalokových plastík a iné možnosti krytia defektov. V ôsmych kapitolách sú jednotlivo popísané chirurgické možnosti rekonštrukcie tváre, trupu a končatín. Učebné texty venujú pozornosť malígnym a benígnym kožným tumorom a ich liečbe. Posledná kapitola sa zaoberá najčastejšími estetickými operáciami ako sú augmentácia a redukcia prsníkov, facelifting či blefaroplastika.

Martina Vidová Ugurbas

Plastická chirurgia je vysokošpecializovaný medicínsky odbor.

 Náplňou plastickej chirurgie je korekcia rôznych defektov,vrodených i získaných.Medzi vrodené chyby patria deformity tváre,rázštepy pery a podnebia,deformity ušnice,vrodené vývojové chyby končatín.Najčastejšie získané defekty sú po poraneniach,po chirurgických výkonoch,po fyzikálnych poškodeniach kože a štruktúr krytých kožou.

Súčasťou plastickej  chirurgie je estetická chirurgia, onkochirurgia a mikrochirurgia,  ktorá si zaslúži osobitnú pozornosť. Novými trendami v estetickej chirurgii je rekonštrukcia pomocou tukového tkaniva,kmeňových buniek,používanie rôznych umelých materiálov a implantátov.

Predložené učebné texty v jednotlivých kapitolách popisujú základné princípy plastickej chirurgie,používanie lalokových plastík a iné možnosti krytia defektov. V deviatich kapitolách sú jednotlivo popísané chirurgické možnosti rekonštrukcie tváre,trupu a  končatín.  Učebné texty venujú pozornosť malígnym  a benígnym kožným tumorom a ich liečbe.Posledná kapitola sa zaoberá najčastejšími estetickými operáciami.

E-book

Tatiana Kimáková - Vladimír Pavlík

The scientific monograph focuses on the characteristics of free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, oxidative stress, and its impact on various diseases. A significant portion is dedicated to antioxidants, their classification based on multiple criteria, the characteristics of selected antioxidants in terms of their functions, manifestations of their deficiency and excess, and the overall antioxidant capacity of the body.

A special section is devoted to enzyme-based antioxidants, natural sources of antioxidants in the form of vitamins, trace elements, flavonoids, polyphenols, and coenzyme Q10. To provide a clearer understanding of antioxidants and their influence on population health, the monograph presents results from a research project included in the program "Research Support for Enhancing the Defense Capabilities of the Czech Republic in NATO Structures."

The research was conducted between 2010 and 2012 as part of preventive rehabilitation programs for professional soldiers with a sports component. The study involved 218 professional soldiers, including 180 men and 38 women, with an average age of 33.3 years. The current health status and dietary habits of the soldiers were assessed using questionnaires.

The study described the saturation of the observed group with antioxidant vitamins and statistically evaluated the relationship between their levels and the risk indicators for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Individual analyses were performed using the Reflotron device calibrated with Reflotron Precinorm control serum. Following blood collection, all participants underwent anthropometric examinations (body weight, height, waist circumference), blood pressure measurements, heart rate monitoring, and physical fitness assessments through simple functional tests.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical, veterinary, and natural sciences, as well as public health students at all levels of university education. It is also intended for informed members of the public.

Authors

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E-book

Silvia Mišíková

This learning text deals with heart rhythm disorders. The book is intended for medical students. There are in a simple way characterized bradycardic and tachycardic heart rhythm disorders. The script explains mechanism of arrhythmias, symptoms, diagnostics, and differential diagnostics and treatment. The greatest emphasis is focused on detection of the arrhythmias based on the surface ECG. All arrhythmias are explained by clinical ECG.

In conclusion, there is ECG quiz which consists of 27 clinical ECG records.

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Alžbeta Blichárová a kolektív

“Pathology Part 1 (winter semester) - Practical lessons for students of dental medicine” represents the first half of the university textbook designed for the pregradual study of pathology. The textbook complements the lectures of pathology and serves as a source of information for students of dental medicine, that are preparing for the practical as well as the final oral examination.

In this part of the “Pathology” series, fifty-four selected histopathological slides are presented. Each selected slide is provided with general information in relation to etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as with corresponding morphological features, including the gross appearance and the most important histopathological characteristics. The textbook summarizes the basic concepts of general pathology that are necessary to master the broad field of systemic pathology in the second semester.

Ivana Valočíková - Ivana Jochmanová a kolektív

Cieľom projektu KEGA je vydanie vysokoškolskej učebnice, ktorá sa zaoberá vyšetrovacími metódami vo vnútornom lekárstve. Vhodne zvolené vyšetrovacie metódy sú popri fyzikálnom vyšetrení a podrobnej anamnéze pilierom diagnostiky jednotlivých chorôb. Poznanie, ale najmä adekvátne používanie vyšetrovacích metód patrí k základným znalostiam každého lekára. V súčasnosti nie je na Slovensku dostupná žiadna publikácia s komplexným prehľadom vyšetrovacích metód vo vnútornom lekárstve. Tento typ učebnice by sa takto mohol stať základným zdrojom pre získanie informácií o možnostiach, výbere, použití jednotlivých vyšetrovacích metód pri jednotlivých chorobách vo vnútornom lekárstve. Publikácia bude slúžiť ako študijný materiál pre študentov v pregraduálnej forme štúdia, ale aj v rámci špecializačného štúdia. Učebnica bude praktickým pokračovaním vysokoškolskej učebnice „Interná propedeutika“, ktorá bola vydaná v rámci riešenia KEGA projektu 022UPJŠ-4/12011 v rokoch 2011 -2013. Učebnica bola vydaná v r. 2014, druhé vydanie učebnice bolo začiatkom  roku 2022.

E-book

Marianna Vitková

Current classification of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system according to van der Knaap and Valko from 2005 includes 97 congenital and acquired diseases that cause demyelination of the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Most of these disorders lacks any definitive diagnostic test, so the accurate diagnosis depends on upon clinical symptoms, course of the disease, neurological findings, and the results of neuroimaging and laboratory examinations.

The aim of this textbook is to provide an accurate overview of acquired demyelinating diseases of the CNS, their etiopathogenesis, clinical picture and diagnostic options.

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E-book

Martina Ružičková - Jozef Dragašek

 MEFANET 

Psychology is becoming increasingly important in people's lives. It is significant to research human behaviour and how people interact with their environment, as well as how they develop physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially. A rising number of people have been both physically and mentally harmed in recent years as a result of cognitive, emotional, or behavioural disorders.

It was determined that a study book on psychology for medical students was required. Presented study book Psychology in Medicine gives students a fundamental insight into patients´ behaviour in general, and demonstrates the role of psychology in relieving health concerns in particular. It includes topics of medical psychology and clinical psychology that are applied in health care. The chapters address the basic principles of human behaviour, communication between patients and physicians, personality psychology, psychodiagnostic techniques, psychotherapy treatment, abnormal psychology, dealing with stressful events and physical illnesses. The study textbook also emphasises the importance of good mental health and self-care in a doctor's practise.

There is a hope that this book will provide both a source of information and inspiration for doctors and all health care professionals.

E-publication

Zora Lazúrová

This publication is intended for medical students and offers a systematic overview of anemia from the perspective of clinical practice. The publication includes a classification of anemias based on pathophysiological mechanisms, including impaired red blood cell production, increased destruction and blood loss. It provides detailed description of iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiencies, as well as aplastic and hemolytic anemias, including some of the rare hereditary forms. The text features chapters on laboratory diagnostics, investigative methods, and interpretation of results. The publication is focused on clinical presentation, differential diagnostic approach, and the basic principles of treatment for each type of anemia. The material is supplemented with images and tables to help in the understanding of this complex topic. The fundamentals of clinical management are presented in schematic differential diagnostic algorithms. The aim of this publication is to provide a clear, didactically structured, and practically oriented resource that supports the teaching of internal medicine. It is suitable not only for exam preparation, but also as an introduction to the clinical practice.

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H.Mičková - V.Habalová - J.Židzik - E.Slabá

E-book

Libuša Tirpáková - Mária Sováriová Soósová a kol.

It is expected that nurses and professionals working in healthcare will be able to perform various specialized procedures, or assist with selected procedures, skillfully, confidently, and safely.

The university textbook of Nursing Techniques guides students through the most commonly performed nursing activities, reflecting the latest knowledge from the profession, evidence-based practice, and professional guidelines. A significant aspect of this publication is its emphasis on patient individuality and involvement in the planning and implementation of procedures, as well as the prevention of complications and the consistent performance of nursing interventions in accordance with the latest professional and scientific knowledge.

The textbook is divided into twelve chapters. In the introductory chapters, the authors address the organization of the nursing unit and infection control in healthcare facilities. Further chapters are devoted to patient assessment, especially vital functions, nutritional care, preparation and administration of various forms of medication, collection of biological material, care of urinary and bowel elimination, nurse assistance during punctures, wound care, and electrocardiographic examination.

The main aim is to address primarily nursing students, but also students of general and dental medicine and selected healthcare disciplines. We believe that both students and professionals will find in this textbook a guide and a practical assistant.

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E-book

A.A. Ahmetova - A.A. Seidakhmetova - N.D. Kalmenov et al.

Improving the best practices in the provision of the first pre-medical care is one of the priority areas of clinical medicine in most countries of the world. Despite the success in improving the provision of medical care at the level of FPMA and emergency medical care, it is the provision of skilled care at the earliest stages of the disease or emergency conditions that determines the quality of all medical care and the future of the patient.

When rendering emergency care to the sick and injured, the time factor is very important, it prevents irreversible disturbances in the body and creates a good help for the complete cure of the patient. Textbook is designed to improve awareness of the importance of pre-medical aid to non-medical students in central Asian countries.

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E-publication

Eva Szabóová

The publication "Fundamentals of Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: Tools and Applications" is the first of its kind in Slovakia. It was created with the aim of providing healthcare professionals, medical students, and anyone interested in the subject with a clear, practical overview of cardiovascular risk. The book presents a global and national picture of mortality, emphasizes the importance of prevention and screening, and introduces the basic principles of risk assessment. Special attention is paid to risk factors and modifiers that can significantly change a patient's prognosis. For a better understanding of the issue, the reader will also find chapters devoted to clinical conditions, an overview of scoring systems, risk categories, and finally practical examples from clinical practice that link theory with everyday medical reality. Our goal is for this book to be not only an educational tool, but also a practical guide for decision-making in clinical practice. We believe that it will contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of cardiovascular risk and at the same time help to strengthen the emphasis on prevention, which remains the most effective tool in the fight against these diseases.

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