Psychológia zdravia

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Libuša Tirpáková - Mária Sováriová Soósová a kol.

It is expected that nurses and professionals working in healthcare will be able to perform various specialized procedures, or assist with selected procedures, skillfully, confidently, and safely.

The university textbook of Nursing Techniques guides students through the most commonly performed nursing activities, reflecting the latest knowledge from the profession, evidence-based practice, and professional guidelines. A significant aspect of this publication is its emphasis on patient individuality and involvement in the planning and implementation of procedures, as well as the prevention of complications and the consistent performance of nursing interventions in accordance with the latest professional and scientific knowledge.

The textbook is divided into twelve chapters. In the introductory chapters, the authors address the organization of the nursing unit and infection control in healthcare facilities. Further chapters are devoted to patient assessment, especially vital functions, nutritional care, preparation and administration of various forms of medication, collection of biological material, care of urinary and bowel elimination, nurse assistance during punctures, wound care, and electrocardiographic examination.

The main aim is to address primarily nursing students, but also students of general and dental medicine and selected healthcare disciplines. We believe that both students and professionals will find in this textbook a guide and a practical assistant.

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Adriana Boleková (ed.)

Proceedings of Scientific Works

The Košice Morphological Day is an annual May meeting of morphologists, primarily attended by Košice morphological workplaces. On this occasion, a collection of scientific works is regularly published.

This year's collection was published on the occasion of the 23rd Košice Morphological Day, which did not take place due to the poor epidemiological situation.

In the collection, the authors present the results of their scientific-research and pedagogical activities, which are in the form of theoretical overview studies and research works.

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Ingrid Hodorová a kolektív

                Vysokoškolská učebnica „Ultrasonografická anatómia 1“ je určená predovšetkým študentom lekárskych fakúlt. Publikácia dopĺňa medzeru na medicínskom literárnom trhu, na ktorom takýto druh literatúry doteraz absentuje. V učebnici sa čitateľ oboznámi s koreláciou anatomického a ultrasonografického obrazu orgánov a štruktúr za fyziologického stavu. Táto korelácia poukazuje na úzke prepojenie teoretického predmetu anatómia s klinickou praxou s ultrasonografickým vyšetrením, ktoré je dnes neoddeliteľnou súčasťou základných vyšetrovacích metód v mnohých medicínskych odboroch.

                Učebnica pozostáva z anatomickej časti, ktorá sa venuje základnému anatomickému popisu jednotlivých orgánov brucha a panvy. Nosnou časťou učebnice je sonografická časť, ktorá popisuje a charakterizuje jednotlivé ultrasonografické snímky. Čitateľ môže priamo porovnať vzhľad a prípadné rozdiely orgánov a štruktúr získaných dvomi úplne odlišnými zobrazeniami.

                Veríme, že nová vysokoškolská učebnica splní očakávania študentov, ako aj všetkých tých, pre ktorých je oblasť ultrasonografického zobrazenia z pohľadu anatóma predmetom záujmu – bude tak prospešná nielen pre anatómov, ale aj pre začínajúcich sonografistov.

František Sabola kol.

Although we are not really sure if “Love is coming from the Heart” and nor we know where “the Residence of Soul” is, we are still overwhelmed by its unprecedented effort to keep us alive. Our lives are nowadays fulfilled with enormous chances to satisfy our needs and wishes. Hand in hand is changing our way of life, the intake of calories is growing and the amount of physical activity decreasing. We live longer and maybe happier but our hearts
and vessels are like mirrors showing us how we live. Diseases of the Heart and vessels have become the number one cause of death in highly developed countries including our homeland.
Prevention of cardiovascular diseases has become and an important social and health care system issue. The knowledge requirement of basic principles of cardiology and heart surgery is increasing. Without an understanding of basic principles a good clinical practice is hardly possible.
Together with my Colleagues of Heart surgery department of VÚSCH and LF UPJŠ we prepared this short overview of basic knowledge about surgery of the human heart. We hope that reading it will be more an adventure than a painful journey. If you find some answers to your unanswered questions our effort was not a waste of time.

Authors

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Jaroslav Majerník - Andrea Kačmariková

The university textbook "Databases in MS Access - accompanying texts for practical exercises" is intended for students of medical faculties, students of non-technical universities and all beginners in working with databases. It introduces the reader to the issue of database data processing and explains the basic principles that need to be known when creating relational databases. It is therefore suitable for those who have not yet worked with databases, or who have started thinking about managing their data using their own database.

However, even more "experienced" computer users can find useful information here. The university textbook is written in the way that its content can be mastered with basic knowledge of working with computers and programs running in the environment of MS Windows operating system.

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Alžbeta Blichárová - Ľudmila Verbóová - Zuzana Benetinová - Vladimír Tancoš  - Patrícia Kollárová  - Adam Nedoroščík - Erika Štammová  - Pavel Kočan

“Pathology Part 2 (summer semester) - Practical lessons for students of general medicine” represents the second half of the university textbook designed for the pregradual study of pathology. The textbook complements the lectures of pathology and serves as a source of information for students of general medicine, that are preparing for the practical credit, as well as the final oral examination.

In this part of the “Pathology” series, seventy selected histopathological slides are presented. Each selected slide is provided with general information in relation to etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as with corresponding morphological features, including the gross appearance and the most important histopathological characteristics. The textbook summarizes the basic concepts of systemic (organ) pathology (pathology of the lungs, hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, urogenital system, breast, endocrine, musculoskeletal, nervous system, skin childhood and infancy), that is logical continuation and completion of general pathology in the first semester.

Keywords: systemic pathology – histopathological slides – general medicine – gross appearance – microscopic image

Roman Beňačka  a kolektív

Obsahovo i formou nová učebnica všeobecnej patofyziológie v slovenskom jazyku pre štúdium predmetu Patologická fyziológia pre odbor Všeobecné lekrástvo na lekárskych fakultách na Slovensku resp. v zahraniční. Nadväzuje na pedagogické skúsenosti s výučbou klasickej a molekulárnej patofyziológie a tradíciu vysokoškolských učebníc vydávaných Ústavom patofyziológie Lekárskej fakulty v Košiciach (prvá slovenská učebnica i učebnica Všeobecnej patofyziológie). Učebnica popisuje všetky základné témy z nozológie, etiológie a patogenzéy, ktoré sú tradične  predmetom výučby patofyziológie na lekárskych fakultách v európskom priestore. Prináša najnovšie poznatky štýlom i obsahovo v priamej konfrontácii s obdobnou cudzojazyčnou literatúrou a tp v čitateľsky rovnako atraktívnej prezentačnej forme s početnými obrázkami a tabuľkami.

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Tatiana Kimáková a kol.

Ethics, as the science of the proper realization of human potential in various areas of life, also extends into the environment. For understanding the ethical aspects in this field, a thorough knowledge of the individual components of the environment, as well as their impact not only on humans but on all living nature, is very important. Therefore, questions concerning the influence of the environment are increasingly at the forefront of interest from an ethical perspective, also in connection with existing legal norms.

The modern process of civilization is characterized by rapid development of science and technology. However, this development, while raising the standard of living on one hand, also brings negative side effects on the other. The result is the disruption of ecological, biological, and natural life conditions, especially in the areas of industrial centers. The development of individual branches of industry leads to the production of liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes, the emergence of harmful risk factors threatening various components of living nature, including humans. There may be increased bioaccumulation of hazardous chemical elements in organisms, which, through their effects, represent a potential risk also in terms of carcinogenesis and mutagenesis.

For this reason, an important role of society is to create conditions to prevent the release of emissions and to reduce their concentration to the lowest possible, socially and biologically acceptable level. The assessment of the biological effects of harmful substances is based on experimental and epidemiological studies. Knowledge of concentration and duration of exposure is crucial for applying dose-effect relationships and for determining the highest permissible concentrations of pollutants. The health of the population, as a universal value and a primary human right, represents a fundamental economic resource not only for the individual, but also for society as a whole.

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Silvia Mišíková

This learning text deals with heart rhythm disorders. The book is intended for medical students. There are in a simple way characterized bradycardic and tachycardic heart rhythm disorders. The script explains mechanism of arrhythmias, symptoms, diagnostics, and differential diagnostics and treatment. The greatest emphasis is focused on detection of the arrhythmias based on the surface ECG. All arrhythmias are explained by clinical ECG.

In conclusion, there is ECG quiz which consists of 27 clinical ECG records.

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Jana Mašlanková

Colorectal carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its rising incidence in Slovakia—particularly among the male population—is alarming. Although significant progress has been made in the diagnosis, screening, and treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, therapeutic options remain limited, necessitating the discovery of additional markers to serve as prognostic predictors.

This monograph aims to draw the attention of the professional community to the critical role and significance of the TGF-β signaling pathway in the initiation, progression, and treatment of colorectal carcinoma. A substantial portion of the text focuses on lesser-known emerging trends and ongoing clinical trials for colorectal cancer patients.

The monograph aspires to provide a balanced resource that serves as an engaging informational tool not only for specialist physicians but also for medical faculty students. By integrating novel insights and clinical data, it seeks to bridge gaps in current understanding and highlight potential avenues for future research and therapy.

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Peter Berek

University scripts “Visceral pathology of vascular origin“analyze one of the most challenging vascular regions, the aorta and the visceral aortic branches, from the surgical perspective. The diagnostic and the treatment aneurysms of the abdominal aorta are dedicated to the first chapter. Early diagnostic and operative treatment is crucial in the treatment of ruptured aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. Shortening of the interval between the patient’s arrival with ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta into the hospital and the beginning of the operation decreased the perioperative mortality. This shortening, together with the use of the cell savers, led to the dropping of perioperative mortality from 50% to 20%. The diagnostics and surgical treatment of the acute and chronic occlusion of the aorta and iliac arteries are analyzed in the second chapter. In this chapter, the focus is given to the aortobifemoral bypass as “the gold standard“ of the surgical therapy of aortoiliac atherosclerosis. The management of acute mesenteric ischemia is the content of the third chapter. Acute mesenteric ischemia is a severe condition with high mortality. The problem of acute mesenterial ischemia is a delayed diagnostic that is the reason for poor therapeutical outcomes of the disease. The possible imagine studies and operations used in treating acute mesenteric ischemia are brought in this chapter. Chronic mesenteric ischemia leads to cachexia. The diagnosis of chronic mesenterial ischemia is one of the most demanding, and surgical therapy used in the treatment of chronic mesenterial ischemia also belongs to the most challenging operations. Left-sided colon ischemia belongs to the severe complications of the aortoiliac reconstructions. Left-sided colon ischemia has a high mortality. In the prevention of the left-sided colon, ischemia is preserving at least one internal iliac artery. The complex diagnostics treatment of intraabdominal compressive syndromes as Dunbar syndróme, „Nutcracker“ syndróme a Wilkie syndróme, analyzed in the last chapter.

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Tatiana Kimáková

This scientific monograph is a comprehensive scientific work focused on the presence and effects of mercury in the environment, as well as the health risk factors associated with it.

The monograph presents a characterization of mercury in a multidisciplinary scope, discusses its use in industry and healthcare, and describes the negative impacts of mercury on the environment and public health. It also provides proposals and recommendations for at-risk groups. The monograph includes a comprehensive study of mercury concentration in samples of domestic and foreign production commodities and plant samples using the atomic absorption spectrometer AMA 254.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical, veterinary, natural sciences, and agricultural fields, as well as public health students at all three levels of university study. It is also intended for all interested members of the informed public.

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Vincent Nagy

Predkladaná monografia sa komplexne venuje problematike urolitiázy. Má 19 kapitol, ktoré zahrňujú celú šírku problematiky urolitiázy a to epidemiológiu, etiológiu, typy konkrementov, osobitné situácie pri urolitiáze, diagnostiku urolitiázy, zobrazovacie vyšetrovacie metódy pri urolitiáze, konzervatívnu liečbu urolitiázy, chirurgické a endoskopické metódy liečby urolitiázy, metafylaxiu konkrementov a konkrementy v močovom mechúri. V monografii sa zdôrazňuje význam individuálneho rozhodovania o optimálnom spôsobe liečby. Do úvahy sa berie veľkosť konkrementov, ich počet, lokalizácia, anatomické predpoklady a röntgenologické charakteristiky. Pri plánovaní aktívnej liečby sa zdôrazňuje význam resp. potreba zobrazovacími metódami vyšetriť aj anatómiu vývodných močových ciest. Nezastupiteľné miesto, najmä v prípadoch viacpočetnej a opakujúcej sa urolitiázy a geneticky podmienenej urolitiázy, má kompletné metabolické vyšetrenie. Dokumentuje všetky moderné spôsoby diagnostiky a liečby urolitázy. Metodicky opisuje liečbu urolitiázy – akútny management pri renálnej kolike, pri urosepse pri konkrementom zablokovanej obličke a v tehotenstve. Prevažná väčšina pacientov s urolitiázou je liečená farmakologicky a semininvazívnymi technikami. Vychádza sa z vlastných skúseností, komentuje využitie extrakorporálnej litotripsie, endoskopických metód, stentov. Monografia venuje pozornosť aj auxiliárnym metódam, ktoré sa používajú v liečbe urolitiázy, liečbe sprievodnej infekcie, poranení obličiek a močových ciest, poranení okolitých orgánov, rôznych spôsobov derivácie moču, krvácania. V závere sú spomenuté kalcifikácie pri obličkových tumoroch.

Autor

 Ingrid Schusterová 

To offer our medical students of 5th and 6th classes as well as to professional public (pediatrics, pediatric cardiologists) integrated information from pediatric cardiology, which is based on scientific knowledge of experts and practical requirements including our experiences. The publication will extend given the discipline of cardiovascular risk factors of cardiovascular heart disease and acquired heart diseases, which are more actual at the present time in the children as we as bring the new didactic methods in pediatric cardiology teaching.

Autor

Ingrid Hodorová - Květuše Lovásová

Publikácia je pokračovaním už vydanej vysokoškolskej učebnice "Ultrasonografická anatómia 1" a dopĺňa ďalšiu medzeru na medicínskom literárnom trhu, týkajúcu sa ultrasonografického pohľadu na periférne nervy a cievy končatín a krku.

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Nikita Bobrova kol.

The concept of medical ethics is interpreted as both applied and professional ethics. As a bioethical discipline, it consists of three normative parts: biogenesis, biotherapy, and thanatology. From an ethical perspective, medicine is part of clinical bioethics; however, at the current stage, “evidence-based ethics” is still lacking.

In the context of standardizing health care, there is an excessive development of certain components of bioethics (such as ethical codes and the concept of patient autonomy), but also a reduction, especially of its clinical component (such as communication, thanatology, euthanasia, dysthanasia, and futile treatment). Current legislative efforts are leading to a reduction in the rights of health care workers, particularly in terms of corporate autonomy.

The fundamental task of medical ethics is the cultivation of medical professionalism, which is defined as the professional alignment of expert, ethical, and legal reasoning, and as a starting point for thinking in terms of values, with reflection on the bioethical space in clinical and professional practice.

Since society declares health as its priority, this priority should positively influence the entire health care system, and its basic idea should be a health care system based on a humanistic ethical paradigm with social and professional application.

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