Databázy v MS Access - sprievodné texty k praktickým cvičeniam

Ingrid Hodorová a kolektív

                Vysokoškolská učebnica „Ultrasonografická anatómia 1“ je určená predovšetkým študentom lekárskych fakúlt. Publikácia dopĺňa medzeru na medicínskom literárnom trhu, na ktorom takýto druh literatúry doteraz absentuje. V učebnici sa čitateľ oboznámi s koreláciou anatomického a ultrasonografického obrazu orgánov a štruktúr za fyziologického stavu. Táto korelácia poukazuje na úzke prepojenie teoretického predmetu anatómia s klinickou praxou s ultrasonografickým vyšetrením, ktoré je dnes neoddeliteľnou súčasťou základných vyšetrovacích metód v mnohých medicínskych odboroch.

                Učebnica pozostáva z anatomickej časti, ktorá sa venuje základnému anatomickému popisu jednotlivých orgánov brucha a panvy. Nosnou časťou učebnice je sonografická časť, ktorá popisuje a charakterizuje jednotlivé ultrasonografické snímky. Čitateľ môže priamo porovnať vzhľad a prípadné rozdiely orgánov a štruktúr získaných dvomi úplne odlišnými zobrazeniami.

                Veríme, že nová vysokoškolská učebnica splní očakávania študentov, ako aj všetkých tých, pre ktorých je oblasť ultrasonografického zobrazenia z pohľadu anatóma predmetom záujmu – bude tak prospešná nielen pre anatómov, ale aj pre začínajúcich sonografistov.

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Terézia Kisková - Stanislav Matéffy - Františka Horváthová

The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is one of the most commonly used experimental animals. It serves as a model organism for analyzing numerous biological processes and pathological mechanisms, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders (e.g., lipid metabolism, diabetes mellitus), neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g., stroke, epilepsy, or Alzheimer's disease), neurobehavioral research, autoimmune diseases (e.g., arthritis), cancer, and renal diseases. It offers many unique advantages for modeling human diseases, testing drugs and natural substances, and studying responses to environmental factors. The size of the laboratory rat, compared to the mouse, creates ideal conditions for physiological manipulations. Additionally, rats are used in clinical toxicology to test chemical substances (Hedrich, 2000).

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Tatiana Kimáková

The scientific monograph focuses on health determinants, healthy nutrition, its fundamental components, the consequences of unhealthy nutrition, and alternative dietary trends. The work also includes research targeting selected lifestyle factors among university students, particularly nutrition, eating habits, and physical activity.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical and natural sciences, and public health professionals at all three levels of higher education. It is equally valuable for members of the informed general public interested in the subject.

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Tatiana Kimáková a kol.

Ethics, as the science of the proper realization of human potential in various areas of life, also extends into the environment. For understanding the ethical aspects in this field, a thorough knowledge of the individual components of the environment, as well as their impact not only on humans but on all living nature, is very important. Therefore, questions concerning the influence of the environment are increasingly at the forefront of interest from an ethical perspective, also in connection with existing legal norms.

The modern process of civilization is characterized by rapid development of science and technology. However, this development, while raising the standard of living on one hand, also brings negative side effects on the other. The result is the disruption of ecological, biological, and natural life conditions, especially in the areas of industrial centers. The development of individual branches of industry leads to the production of liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes, the emergence of harmful risk factors threatening various components of living nature, including humans. There may be increased bioaccumulation of hazardous chemical elements in organisms, which, through their effects, represent a potential risk also in terms of carcinogenesis and mutagenesis.

For this reason, an important role of society is to create conditions to prevent the release of emissions and to reduce their concentration to the lowest possible, socially and biologically acceptable level. The assessment of the biological effects of harmful substances is based on experimental and epidemiological studies. Knowledge of concentration and duration of exposure is crucial for applying dose-effect relationships and for determining the highest permissible concentrations of pollutants. The health of the population, as a universal value and a primary human right, represents a fundamental economic resource not only for the individual, but also for society as a whole.

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Miroslav Gajdoš - Vladimír Kaťuch

  „Neurochirurgia pre študentov medicíny“ je určená pre študentov lekárskych fakúlt. Základné informácie o neurochirurgii získajú aj študenti príbuzných odborov /zubné lekárstvo/, ale aj absolventi lekárskych fakúlt v začiatkoch svojej klinickej praxe.

Učebný text je rozdelený do desiatich kapitol. Tie sa ďalej delia na podkapitoly.

Prvá kapitola je zameraná na dejiny chirurgie, následne na dejiny neurochirurgie. V tejto kapitole autor pripomína, že operované lebky patria k najstarším dôkazom operačnej činnosti našich predkov. 

Druhá a tretia kapitola  je venovaná diagnostike a základným operačným výkonom.

Pre pochopenie patologicko-fyziologických dejov je potrebné pozorne preštudovať štvrtú kapitolu, v ktorej autor popisuje základné patologické mechanizmy, ktoré pôsobia na povrchu ale aj v hĺbke mozgových tkanív.

Piata kapitola je venovaná závažnej problematike  -  vrodeným chybám mozgu, miechy a ich podporných štruktúr.

Nie menej závažnou problematikou pre neurochirurgov sú nádory CNS,  periférnych nervov, lebky a chrbtice. Tie sú popísané v šiestej kapitole.                 

V siedmej kapitole sú popísané cievne ochorenia CNS: autor popisuje aneuryzmy mozgových ciev, ich diagnostiku a liečbu, ďalej cievne malformácie mozgu, artériovenózne malformácie mozgu a v neposlednom rade spinálne artériovenózne malformácie.

8. kapitola je čo do obsahu najrozsiahlejšia. Prináša informácie o poranení pacientov pri úraze. O ich závažnosti, diagnostike a možnej liečbe – konzervatívnej a chirurgickej.

9. kapitola je venovaná nie menej závažnej problematike, a to degeneratívnym ochoreniam chrbtice.

V 10. kapitole sa autor venuje najnovším metódam liečby chronickej bolesti a epileptochirurgii.

Alžbeta Blichárová - Ľudmila Verbóová - Zuzana Benetinová - Vladimír Tancoš  - Patrícia Kollárová  - Adam Nedoroščík - Erika Štammová  - Pavel Kočan

“Pathology Part 2 (summer semester) - Practical lessons for students of dental medicine” represents the second half of the university textbook designed for the pregradual study of pathology. The textbook complements the lectures of pathology and serves as a source of information for students of dental medicine, that are preparing for the practical credit, as well as the final oral examination.

In this part of the “Pathology” series, forty-four selected histopathological slides are presented. Each selected slide is provided with general information in relation to etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as with corresponding morphological features, including the gross appearance and the most important histopathological characteristics. The textbook summarizes the basic concepts of systemic pathology (pathology of the heart, vessels, lungs, gastrointestinal, urogenital system, breast, musculoskeletal, nervous system, skin and infancy) and pathology of the orofacial region, that is logical continuation and completion of general pathology in the first semester.

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Lucia Dimunová-Valéria Parová

The aim of this publication is to provide a comprehensive overview of the theoretical and practical foundations of management and to highlight the specific features of governance within healthcare organizations. It includes chapters on the historical development of management, major concepts, current trends, the specifics of healthcare management, and various models of healthcare delivery. Special attention is devoted to the roles and characteristics of managers, as well as to the five fundamental managerial functions—planning, decision-making, organizing, leading, and controlling. The purpose of the publication is to foster analytical and critical thinking skills in addressing problems within healthcare institutions and to contribute to improving the quality and safety of healthcare through effective management. The text incorporates numerous practical examples and review questions designed to verify knowledge and strengthen the connection between theory and practical skills. This publication is intended for nursing students and other healthcare disciplines, academic staff, and healthcare facility managers.

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Marek Stupák et al.

Medical Chemistry presents an overview of the most important topics of general, organic and bioinorganic chemistry for students of General and Dental Medicine study programs. Its aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the subject Medical Chemistry and for understanding processes and chemical reactions which are taking place in the human body.

Each topic directly links chemical principles to the processes in living organisms and thus can help the students to clearly see the application of the presented information. Therefore, it also provides a good starting point for further study of Medical Biochemistry, for which the knowledge of these principles is necessary.

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Mária Sováriová Soósová, Renáta Suchanová, Libuša Tirpáková

Predkladaná vysokoškolská učebnica prináša poznatky z oblasti ošetrovateľskej starostlivosti u pacientov s ochoreniami srdcovo-cievneho systému. Je určená pre poslucháčov odboru ošetrovateľstvo v rámci pregraduálneho a postgraduálneho vzdelávania, sestrám pracujúcim v tejto oblasti, ako aj ďalším odborníkom z nelekárskych vedných disciplín, ktorí sa zaoberajú starostlivosťou o pacientov s kardio-vaskulárnymi chorobami.

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Ladislav Kočan-Dušan Rybár-Róbert Rapčan

The autonomic nervous system is a vital component of the peripheral nervous system, responsible for maintaining homeostasis and regulating internal processes within the body. Unlike the voluntary control exerted by the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system operates involuntarily, innervating smooth organs, vessels, skin glands, and even exerting some influence over skeletal muscles in connection with vegetative functions such as breathing, digestion, and the urinary and gonadal systems. Its impact extends crucially to the cardiac muscles of the heart and plays a significant role in endocrine and metabolic functions, thermoregulation, as well as emotional and behavioral responses, including adaptive reactions to stressors. The aim of this publication is to provide a comprehensive and objective exploration of the anatomical and physiological intricacies of the autonomic nervous system, offering insights into its clinical applications. Within these pages, we meticulously delineate various interventional therapeutic procedures tailored to specific diagnoses related to the autonomic nervous system, aligning each intervention with the anatomical framework of the autonomic system. The efficacy of these procedures is evaluated based on the level of evidence, as per the current recommendations of Evidence-Based Medicine. This publication is primarily crafted for fifth and sixth-year medical students and medical professionals specializing in anesthesiology, intensive care, and pain medicine. It serves as a valuable resource for gaining a deeper understanding of autonomic nervous system function and its clinical implications, facilitating informed decision-making in clinical practice.

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Magdaléna Hagovská - Alena Buková - Ľubomír Lachváč

Overweight as a risk factor for the development of civilization diseases and urogenital dysfunctions

Overweight and obesity represent a significant risk factor for the development of several diseases of civilisation, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and various forms of cancer. They also contribute significantly to urogenital dysfunctions such as urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and pelvic organ prolapse. Mechanisms that link excess weight to these dysfunctions include increased intra-abdominal pressure, hormonal changes, and chronic inflammatory processes that negatively affect the structure and function of the urogenital system. Prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity are therefore crucial not only in terms of reducing the risk of civilization diseases, but also in improving the quality of life through the prevention and treatment of urogenital dysfunctions.

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Želmíra Macejová

Vysokoškolský učebný text: “Vybrané kapitoly z reumatológie pre študentov lekárskych fakúlt“je určený na  pregraduálne štúdium pre študentov lekárskych fakúlt v študijnom odbore: všeobecné lekárstvo a zubné lekárstvo v rámci predmetu interná medicína 4. Kapitoly uvedené v danom diele zahŕňajú základy reumatológie, ktoré postačuje pre absolventa LF UPJŠ, zároveň slúži aj pre pregraduálnu prípravu v nelekárskom študijnom odbore – fyzioterapia.  Uvedené informácie sú základom pre prípravu na tzv. postupovú skúšku v rámci spoločného internistického kmeňa a zároveň podkladom aj pre špecializačné štúdium v odboroch všeobecný lekár a fyziatricko- rehabilitačný lekár. Text je rozdelený na  tieto časti:  vyšetrovacie metódy v reumatológii, terapeutické výkony v reumatológii,  autoimunitné ochorenia v reumatológii, kryštálmi indukované artritídy, infekčné artritídy, nezápalové reumatické ochorenia a metabolické ochorenia kostí. V závere je obrazová príloha k jednotlivým nozologickým jednotkám, ktoré sú podrobne opísané v texte.    

 Ingrid Schusterová 

To offer our medical students of 5th and 6th classes as well as to professional public (pediatrics, pediatric cardiologists) integrated information from pediatric cardiology, which is based on scientific knowledge of experts and practical requirements including our experiences. The publication will extend given the discipline of cardiovascular risk factors of cardiovascular heart disease and acquired heart diseases, which are more actual at the present time in the children as we as bring the new didactic methods in pediatric cardiology teaching.

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Adriana Boleková a kol.

The book is primarily intended for first-year university students, but it is suitable for anyone who needs to learn. Students can find here the basic principles of learning, principles of how to preserve knowledge, how to concentrate without wasting time, how not to stress before a test or exam and many other practical tips. By acquiring simple knowledge, students will be able to learn effectively with the principles of brain-compatible learning in a way that they will acquire as much information as possible in the shortest period of time with maximum retention; that is minimal forgetting.

The book can serve not only as a theoretical background, but also as a practical tool for mastering university education. The goal was to create a balanced material that would be an interesting source not only for first-year university students, but also for students of higher years and for everyone with a need of lifelong learning.

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E-book

Erik Dosedla

A uterine scar is currently a significant medical problem. Uterine scars most commonly occur after a Cesarean section, which is one of the most frequent laparotomic surgeries (Yazicioglu et al., 2006). The frequency of Cesarean sections increased between 1990 and 2014 in the USA from 21.2% to 32.2% (Hamilton et al., 2015), in Great Britain from 12% to 26.2% (NHS Maternity Statistics - England, 2013-14: Summary Report, 2015), and in the Slovak Republic from 8.7% to 31% (Národné centrum zdravotníckych informácii, 2016).

After a Cesarean section (CS), there is a risk of abnormal healing of the uterotomic wound, which can result in the development of certain pathological conditions in consecutive pregnancies (uterine rupture, ectopic pregnancy in the Cesarean scar, placental disorders) (Seow et al., 2004; Oyelese and Smulian, 2006; Fitzpatrick et al., 2012). In addition, a defect in the Cesarean scar is associated with chronic dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and postmenstrual spotting (Wang et al., 2009; Bij de Vaate et al., 2011).

Ultrasound is a valuable examination method in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of these pathological conditions.

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Silvia Timková - Marcel Riznič - Jozef Minčík 

 Eugen Ďurovič - Peter Kizek

Vysokoškolský učebný text Ochorenia jazyka sa zameriava na anomálie a choroby postihujúce jazyk.  V jednotlivých kapitolách opisuje vrodené stavy, s ktorými sa na jazyku stretávame, ich diagnostiku ako aj možnosti liečby, ako aj jednotlivé samostatné chorobné jednotky. Úvodnú kapitolu tvoria lokálne ochorenia jazyka, kedy ochorenie nemá prejavy na iných ústnych slizniciach. Ďalšou skupinou sú ochorenia, kde je symptomatológia choroby prítomná na jazyku, ale aj na ostatných ústnych slizniciach. Okrem týchto stavov vznikajúcich priamo v ústnej dutine sú v ďalších kapitolách rozobraté stavy, kde celkové ochorenia, akými sú infekčné, endokrinologické, krvné a dermatologické ochorenia vyvolávajú zmeny na jazyku. Samostatné kapitoly sú venované prekanceróznym stavom a benígnym a tumoriformným léziam.  Poslednú kapitolu tvoria ochorenia jazyka u detskej populácie.