Trestné právo procesné

Valéria Miháliková (ed.)

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Peter Molnár Miroslava Kušníriková  Michal Bartko Júlia Krajčírová Marek Kohút

The peer‑reviewed proceedings of the international scientific conference Košice Days of Private Law VI, held on 22–24 April 2026, represent a partial output of research projects approved by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences (VEGA). The publication results from the projects VEGA No. 1/0492/26, entitled “The Concept of Civil Litigation and Individual Types of Actions under the Civil Dispute Procedure Code – Findings, Challenges, Perspectives”, and VEGA No. 1/0501/26, entitled “Trustworthy Online Space: Protection of the Minor Consumer in the European Digital Market”.

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Adrián Popovič - Jozef Sábo - Anna Vartašová (eds.)

Reviewed proceedings from the IV. annual student symposium

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Žofia Mrázová -  Natália Kalinák (eds.)

The Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law in cooperation with the Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law and the Department of International Law and European Law of the Faculty of Law of the University of Applied Sciences in Košice organized the IXth annual student symposium, this time on commercial, labour and private international law. The student symposium under the title Decision-making practice of judicial authorities in private law took place on 29 November 2024 at the premises of the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice. The symposium was prepared within the framework of the scientific projects APVV-23-0331 “Integration of the Capital Markets Union: change of corporate financing and rescue of companies in financial difficulties” and APVV-21-0336 “Analysis of judicial decisions by artificial intelligence methods.”

This year was exceptional in that the organizers of the event decided to change the usual concept of preparing and presenting a professional article on a chosen topic. This time the students chose interesting decisions of the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court or the Court of Justice of the European Union. They concentrated on working with one particular decision, which they analysed in detail and drafted a gloss - an expert explanation or commentary on the chosen decision. Their task consisted of a brief presentation of the facts, identification of the legal questions that the judicial authorities sought to answer, a legal analysis of the problem addressed, and an assessment of the significance of the decision for the practice of application. In their analyses, the students dealt with topical issues such as the joint action of a proxy and a member of the body, the consequences of a breach of the pre-emptive right, or the repugnancy of an agreement on the division of the community of property of the spouses. In employment law, decisions were presented concerning the right of the father of a child to a breastfeeding break or the wearing of symbols at work. In the section on private international law, the case law on cross-border relocation of the seat as well as on the choice of international jurisdiction of the courts was analysed.

The present proceedings consist of written outputs of students from this event. We are delighted that the students again this year approached their task with enthusiasm and conscientiousness. Finally, our sincere thanks go to all those who contributed to the success of the symposium.

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Ľuboš Dobrovič - Vladimír Vrana

The world of diplomacy, whether ancient or modern, is naturally prone to problems associated with cultural clashes and often serves as an “unarmed battlefield” of cultural concepts. International diplomacy, however, stands on the assumption of war, as misunderstandings and cultural discrepancies lead to confusion. Cultural encounters also provide many opportunities for the choice of misunderstanding: the choice to perceive an act as an insult, even if unintended, or the choice to ignore the most blatant intentional insult, all according to momentary expediency.

The Roman historian Livy recounts an anecdote about the gates of the Temple of Janus, which, when open, signified that Rome was at war. However, the doors of the ancient Temple of Janus were closed only twice from the beginning of the 7th century BC to the end of the 1st century BC. One might ask, how many times and for how long after the signing of the Treaty of Trianon were the metaphorical gates of the European (or global) Temple of Janus closed?

The publication that the reader holds in their hands does not attempt to exhaustively answer all questions of ancient and modern international diplomacy. That is neither possible nor the goal of this scientific monograph. Authors seeking intersections between diplomacy of antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the early 20th century encountered some thought-provoking ideas and controversial debates. Indeed, what other conclusions can the topic of the Treaty of Trianon and the perpetual clash of cultures in the Mediterranean antiquity and medieval Europe bring?

We believe that the topic of ancient and modern diplomacy will inspire the reader and stimulate the professional public to new ideas, reflections, and scholarly activity.

The scientific monograph was prepared as an output of the project of the Agency for the Support of Research and Development No. APVV-19-0419: "100 years of the Treaty of Trianon."

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Dominika Becková - Radoslav Benko - Valéria Ružičková

Studies of the European Union law may hardly be possible without making use of its sources. Lots of types of legal rules, several forms of judicial decisions as well as a wide spectrum of criteria used while searching among legal acts of the European Union and case-law of its courts in search engines on the official websites of the European Union may, however, appear confusing, thereby making the work with sources of the European Union law more complicated and prolonging it.

Methodology Guide „How to Work Correctly with the Sources of the European Union Law“ aims to help students to understand the system of sources of the European Union law as well as the sources themselves, offer them tips and advice useful during their search and thus contribute to the adoption of fundamental procedures for working with them.

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Veronika Lenhardtová-Radoslav Pavlinský-Dominik Urban

The collection Judicial Power in the Era of Globalization, Artificial Intelligence and Other Trends in Society provides a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on the transformation of the judiciary amid rapid technological and social change. It contains 25 contributions primarily focused on the introduction and use of artificial intelligence tools in law. The authors examine not only the technical and institutional aspects of this transformation but also issues of judicial legitimacy and public trust in an independent justice system. The publication also offers a critical reflection on potential risks, limitations, and ethical dilemmas associated with the automation and digitalization of judicial processes. Several contributions compare national and supranational legal frameworks, offering valuable insights into differences in regulatory approaches around the world. All texts are united by a common question concerning the future of judicial power in a changing world. The contributions are written in an accessible manner, making the collection suitable for both legal experts and the broader public.
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Jana Žuľová - Denisa Rudžiková

In the environment of Slovak employers, an active approach to diversity and inclusion in the workplace is coming to the fore. Targeted diversity and inclusion programs help make employers more attractive on the labor market and attract more job seekers. Proactively, better working conditions are created for employees with responsibilities to the family (in most cases still in relation to mothers), groups of people who have been on the fringes of interest until now are also employed (elderly, disabled, LGBT groups, minorities, graduates of secondary and higher education schools).

The presented collection of abstracts responds to the outlined facts, which is a grouping of the starting motives and conclusions of the contributions presented at the scientific conference Diverse and inclusive workplaces - legislative starting points organized by the department of labor law and social security law of the Faculty of Law of the P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, which took place on September 29, 2023 in a hybrid form.

With their abstracts, the authors point to a range of problematic areas that are not only a reflection of academic considerations, but also those legal questions that have to be dealt with in ordinary legal practice. The goal is to use analysis and explanation to define the existing labor law measures/tools applicable to the implementation of diversity and inclusion in the workplace according to the current Slovak legal framework and the EU legal framework and thus emphasize the starting point of any effort to build diversity and the implementation of inclusion in the workplace.

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Milena Barinková (ed.)

The complex of legal norms protecting work, ensuring safety and health protection at work, is very broad in scope, extending beyond the Labour Code to include other specific legal regulations, collective agreements, executive legal regulations, and internal corporate normative acts.

Health protection of employees from hazardous workplace influences is a central requirement stemming from fundamental human rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. To ensure its universal enforcement across all employers in both private and public sectors, strict regulation through cogent norms is fully justified. The European Commission’s Communication to the European Parliament, Council, European Economic and Social Committee, and Committee of the Regions on the EU Strategic Framework on Health and Safety at Work 2014–2020 (COM(2014) 332 final) addresses the need to account for labor market changes arising from demographic shifts, aging populations, and technological advancements.

Work pace demands are intensifying, and all age categories of employees must adapt to new technologies, organizational changes, and evolving job structures. This increases requirements for maintaining health fitness throughout entire professional careers. Mental health fitness, which receives insufficient specific attention, is an inherent part of health fitness requirements. Prevention plays a critical role in mental health protection.

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Radomír Jakab - Diana Repiščáková (eds.)

The collection of scientific papers was created as part of a scientific seminar entitled “Extraterritorial Effects of Foreign Administrative Decisions in the Conditions of the European Union – Starting Points and Current State,” held from November 23 to 25, 2022, at the training and educational facility in Danišovce, in connection with the implementation of a scientific project entitled “Extraterritorial Effects of Foreign Administrative Decisions in the Conditions of the European Union,” supported by a grant from the Scientific Grant Agency under No. 01/187/2022.

The aim of the mentioned project is the scientific examination of extraterritoriality, i.e., the extraterritorial effects of administrative decisions of the Member States of the European Union on the territory of other Member States, in order to assess the need for, possibilities of, and desirable scope of harmonization of the legal regulation of the Member States of the European Union, with the goal of increasing the level of free movement of administrative decisions within the European Union. As part of the research project, an initial scientific seminar was held under the title “Extraterritorial Effects of Foreign Administrative Decisions in the Conditions of the European Union – Starting Points and Current State.”

Members of the research team, who are also members of the Department of Constitutional Law and Administrative Law at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, participated in this scientific seminar. At the seminar, contributions were presented that primarily summarized the current state of knowledge in the area of extraterritorial effects of foreign administrative decisions in the context of the European Union. This summary will serve as a basis for the further scientific examination of this issue by the members of the research team. These contributions subsequently formed the scientific papers included in this collection.

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Alexander Bröstl

Učebnica Všeobecnej štátovedy predstavuje tradičný obsah predmetu, ako sa rozvinul v európskej kontinentálnej podobe (altematívou štátovedy je dnes na viacerých univerzitách, aj mimo právnických fakúlt, politická veda). Medzi dvanástimi kapitolami  sa okrem viac-menej stabilne prítomných  (1. Jednotlivca spoločnosť; 2. Teórie o príčinách vzniku štátu a o účele štátu; 3. Znaky (prvky)štátu; 8. Politické strany a štát) nachádzajú aj kapitoly, ktoré spravidla nie sú, alebo doteraz neboli predmetom štandardného záujmu (5. Politický spor, zmena ústavy,  revolúcia,  právo  na  odpor;  6. Rozpadnuté  a stroskotané  štáty;  7. Štát a cirkev).Niektoré kapitoly predstavujú návrat k pôvodným štátovedným klasifikáciám (9. Funkcie štátu). V rámci prezentácie historických a aktuálnych otázok týkajúcich sa Formy štátu (najrozsiahlejšia 1O. kapitola)ide o pokus objasnit' nové aspekty problematiky(napríklad, podkapitoly ako Parlamentná opozícia, Ústavné súdnictvo). Záverečná časť učebnice sa venuje Modernému ústavnému štátu: právnemu štátu(12.kapitola)a možno ju považovat' za príspevok k analýze princípov právneho štátu a jeho viacerých teórií. Úmyslom autora bolo tiež prispieť k autentickému výkladu názorov niektorých myslitel'ov  predošlých období, návratom k pôvodným textom ich diel. Všeobecná štátoveda, adresovaná predovšetkým študentom, má za ciel' tvoriť úvod do právnického štúdia ako jeho osvedčená základňa, zdroj i východisko.

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Sergej Romža - Martin Štrkolec - Bronislava Vinerová

Proceedings of Scientific Papers from the Nationwide Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference with International Participation held on June 21–22, 2023, organized by the Department of Criminal Law, Faculty of Law, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice.

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Erik Štenpien

The presented monograph is dedicated to the reforms of local administration in the middle of the 19th century, which led to the introduction of municipalism - the nationalization of local administration. The work is primarily devoted to the analysis of the differences between legal articles 42/1870 and 21/1884, the second of which has so far been considered by Slovak legal historians as an amendment. I will explain the differences in the text of both standards, as well as by pointing out the practice of applying both standards in local practice in Abov and Turňa, the legal article 21/1884 is applicable, it is recoded and after the thresholds of the Czechoslovakia it was received as an obligation of the local sparva in Slovakia and is valid even in the time of Conclusion The Trianon peace treaty.

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Jana Žuľová

Proceedings of the Second Annual Student Symposium on Labor Law held on May 12–13, 2017 in Danišovce

The presented proceedings are the result of scientific works by students of the Faculty of Law at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and are systematically divided into two parts.

The first part presents interdisciplinary intersections of linguistics and labor law in its creation, interpretation, and application. The second part addresses the issue of targeting the addressees of labor law norms through various sanction mechanisms. The proceedings include a questionnaire compiled by the researchers of a grant project, aimed at determining whether and in which aspects the Labor Code diverges from its addressees in terms of linguistic and stylistic processing. Indeed, there is no other legal norm that is closer to the participants of labor relations, and whose understanding at the highest possible level is justified by its everyday use.

The presented proceedings thus serve as a means of expanding the horizons of our students beyond their regular studies and as a tool for popularizing scientific research. In case of interest, the completed questionnaire can be sent to: jana.zulova (@) upjs.sk.

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Jozef Suchoža - Ján Husár - Regina Hučková (eds.)

Collection of scientific works

The year 2020 has been marked globally by an unprecedented situation related to the spread of Covid-19 since its beginning. At the start of this calendar year, as our organizational team began preparing for another edition, we still hoped that our traditional autumn conference was far away, and in this maximum optimism, we launched the organization of the jubilee 10th edition of our now-traditional conference. This conference has become a stable part of scientific and professional conference events under domestic conditions and has become a stable part of many people's work programs. However, 2020 was almost entirely filled with restrictions from its start, with these restrictions affecting even the organization of conferences. Our 10th Law – Business – Economy Conference fell victim to this current situation and had to be canceled "with gritted teeth." The situation allows us nothing but hope that in 2021 we will be able to meet at our traditional location in High Tatras. We take these meetings for granted; if this situation is good for nothing else, it at least serves as a slowdown and an awareness of our own vulnerability.

See you at the next edition of Law-Business-Economics in October 2021.

You are receiving a collection of scientific papers published in connection with the resolution of scientific projects at the Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law as the main organizer of the scientific conference, as well as other departments of the Faculty of Law at UPJŠ in Košice, and many academic workplaces both domestically and abroad. The collection is published with support from the Agency for Support of Research and Development. The editors thank all who contributed to it with their scientific articles, as well as reviewers for their valuable comments and recommendations.

On behalf of the editors: Regina Hučková

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Martin Štrkolec

Anotation Within the university textbook, the author focuses on the introduction to the criminal law of procedural and criminal proceedings, especially in terms of its purpose, individual parts and stages, subjects, procedural acts, decisions, as well as the costs of criminal proceedings. This publication is intended for easier orientation in the basics of criminal procedural law, on which it is possible to build qualified knowledge within the following legal branches or legal institutes. The methodology presented in the publication represents a concentrated form of individual provisions of the relevant generally binding legal regulations, while arguments of criminal law doctrine.

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