VARIA XXXI

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Marián Bednár

The scientific monograph The Value of Human Life in the Connotations of Postmodernism presents a current issue of reflections on the value of human life. It sees in the broader connotations of postmodern society, where the approaches of applied ethics (bioethics), philosophy and Christian theology intersect. This issue is embedded in the historical, philosophical, sociological and cultural-social Postmodernism.

The monograph analyses the postmodern value system, the dominant postmodern anthropological concept, secular bioethics and civil law in relation to human life and its value. The key is the confrontation of the postmodern anti-life mentality and life in the most discussed bioethical issues: contraception, artificial insemination techniques, genetic manipulation, abortion, sterilization, (bio) technology, euthanasia. An alternative approach is offered by the theological vision of human and life presented in the Judeo-Christian context. In the light of modern theological disciplines, the personnel concept is enriched by theological anthropology culminating in an eschatological vision.

In this sense, the issue of the value of human life culminates, which is also inspired by one of the most important encyclicals of Pope John Paul II. Evangelium vitae (25th anniversary of its writing). It is she who calls for the acceptance and respect of every human life and for the practical development of a new culture of life.

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Magdaléna Hovanová - Dušan Šlosár

The monograph addresses the issues surrounding functional families, dysfunctional families, and those affected by crises. It analyzes various determinants that lead to family dysfunction and identifies factors contributing to family crises and the destabilization of family relationships. Special attention is given to working with dysfunctional families, particularly through family rehabilitation, methods, forms, and procedures employed mainly by helping professionals.

Additionally, the monograph explores contemporary forms of couple cohabitation and the factors that have caused changes in this area. Families are examined from the perspective of helping professions, including psychology, sociology, adult education, health care, law, and economics. These various perspectives create a comprehensive view of the examined issues and establish a multidisciplinary space for addressing problems within the family system. A functional family is seen as the foundation of society; therefore, society must create tools to assist families that are unable to resolve issues affecting their functionality.

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Katarína Duffeková - Benita Feketeová - Katarína Lörincová (eds.)

The presented work is a collection of contributions from the 9th International Online Scientific Conference of Students and Young Scientists, organized on December 4, 2020 by the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, the Faculty of Social Sciences UCM in Trnava and the OZ Res Publica.

The aim of the publication is to provide a platform to discuss important issues which could influence the course of events in next decade in Slovakia, Europe and world.

The publication consists of more than twenty articles, which are primarily in Slovak but also in English. The contributions deal with both domestic and foreign policy with focus on the third decade of the 21st century.

In addition to geopolitical issues, the contributions also cover migration, regional integration, populism and nationalism, the influence of the media and social networks in the political sphere and also the development of liberal democracy. The authors also address issues of municipal policy, the electoral system and the referendum.

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Eva Žiaková - Lucia Tóthová et al.

The scientific monograph was developed within the framework of the grant project Vega 1/0230/15 entitled "Social and Personality Characteristics of Oncological Ill Men and Women as one of the most important factors of sociotherapy with this group of men and women clients", with the aim of finding some common personal characteristics oncological men and women patients, to focus on choosing their coping strategies that can be significant in terms of oncological disease as well as suggesting ways and means of using the basic methods of sociotherapy as one of the most important methods of social work in working with this group of men and women clients, from the knowledge of their personal and social characteristics.

It is also a starting point for other necessary steps, namely to link the results of research to prax the themselves oncologists to hospitals, their outpatient clinics and patients as well as to support the merit of developing the sociooncology, a specific science discipline.

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Vladimír Leško, Katarína Mayerová a kol.

Kolektívna monografia Heidegger a metafyzika v 20. storočí je zavŕšením bádateľského úsilia Katedry filozofie a dejín filozofie Filozofickej fakulty UPJŠ v Košiciach v riešení grantového projektu APVV-14-0706. Monografia predstavuje pokus o vyrovnanie sa s uchopením problému Heidegger a metafyzika v kritickej konfrontácii s jeho najvýznamnejšími filozofickými súčasníkmi v chápaní a riešení daného problému. V prvom rade ide o snahu vyrovnať sa s otázkou metafyziky ako filozofického problému vo vlastnej Heideggerovej tvorbe tak, aby čitateľ mal možnosť najprv sa zoznámiť s jeho vlastným riešením tejto otázky v priereze celej jeho tvorby. To skúmajú prvé tri kapitoly našej práce, ktorých autormi sú Vladimír Leško a Richard Capobianco.

V druhej časti predloženej práce je predmetom skúmania problematika fenomenológie, hermeneutiky a otázke bytia, kde sa jednotliví autori Jozef Sivák, Ivan Blecha, Andrej Démuth, Ladislav Tkáčik, Oliver Gutter, Štefan Jusko, Mária Mičaninová, Michal Kručko, Kristína Bosáková, Vladimír Leško a Róbert Stojka pokúsili analyzovať Heideggerov vzťah k fenomenológii, hermeneutike a otázke bytia. V tejto časti práce sa naplno prezentuje kritická väzba Heidegger verzus Husserl, chápanie fundamentálnej ontológie, Finkova, Levinasova a Ingardenova kritika Heideggera, Gadamerovo a Heideggerovo chápanie Aristotelovej metafyziky, Patočkova kritika Heideggerovej otázky Bytia, nemetafyzickej filozofie a projektu dejín.

Tretia časť monografie je venovaná teoretickej konfrontácii Heidegger a novokantovstvo v autorstve Andrzeja J. Norasa a Alicje Pietras. Problému analytická filozofie a Heideggerovmu chápaniu metafyziky je venovaná štvrtá časť práce, ktorá sa sústredí na problém Carnapovej kritiky Heideggerovej metafyziky, chápanie jazyka v učení ako Heideggera, tak Wittgensteina v kapitolách Eugena Andreanského a Zuzany Molnárovej.

Záverečná časť kolektívnej monografie sa zameriava na predstaviteľov postštrukturalizmu, postmoderny, novopragmatizmu a ich chápaniu Heideggerovho učenia vôbec a metafyziky zvlášť. Dušan Hruška sa venoval skúmaniu Foucaulta a Vattima a Katarína Mayerová ponúka svoje vysvetlenie Rortyho recepcie Heideggerovej filozofie. Obsahové zameranie našej predloženej práce ponúka čitateľovi dostatočný diapazón hodnotení Heideggerovho chápania metafyziky, ktoré je nevyhnutné brať do úvahy, ak sa má uvažovať o problematike Heidegger a metafyzika v 20. storočí.

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Iveta Bónová - Marián Gladiš (eds.)

About the personality of university professor František Miko, DrSc., much has rightly been written, especially after 1989. Indeed, anyone involved in language and literature, at least within the geographical scope of the West Slavic region, is familiar with his work, particularly his brilliant expressive conception of style.

Our ambition in the introduction of this presented collection is not to substitute a dictionary of linguists, nor to provide a comprehensive view of his life and professional career. Rather, it is to remind ourselves of an exceptional individual—a scientist whose attitude, contributions, and results have influenced and continue to influence not only entire generations of researchers but also scientific thinking as a whole.

In the presented collection, we supplement the characterization contained in the inventively and convincingly formulated title of the obituary The Quiet Revolutionary of Our Science, František Miko, with a set of thematically diverse contributions (from the fields of style, sound, translation studies, phraseology, didactics...) dedicated to this significant figure of Slovak science on the occasion of what would have been his ninety-fifth birthday.

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Renáta Orosová (výkonný redaktor)

Stránka časopisu >>>

Vedecký recenzovaný časopis Edukácia je zameraný na problematiku vzdelávania a výchovy v oblasti základného, stredného a vysokého školstva. Zreteľ kladie na súčasný stav a perspektívy edukačnej praxe, aktuálne aspekty pregraduálnej prípravy učiteľov, sociálnej pedagogiky, špeciálnej pedagogiky, ako aj pedagogické a psychologické aspekty výchovy v základných výchovných inštitúciách z pohľadu širokej pedagogickej verejnosti. Je určený vedeckým pracovníkom, mladým vysokoškolským učiteľom, doktorandom, ako aj odborným a pedagogickým pracovníkom s cieľom prezentovať trendy v edukácii a vyvolať diskusiu k aktuálnym otázkam prezentovaných oblastí výchovy a vzdelávania.

Ciele vedeckého časopisu Edukácia:

• prezentovať súčasné postavenie a funkciu pedagóga v edukačnej praxi a jeho perspektívy,
• prezentovať aktuálne otázky vzdelávania a výchovy z pohľadu učiteľov, sociálnych pedagógov, špeciálnych pedagógov a psychológov,
• prezentovať inovácie v edukačnej praxi; analyzovať stav a problémy prepájania teórie a praxe výchovy a vzdelávania vo vzťahu k moderným vyučovacím koncepciám,
• prezentovať aktuálne trendy v pregraduálnej príprave pedagógov,
• prezentovať výsledky empirických výskumov z oblasti pedagogiky, sociálnej pedagogiky, špeciálnej pedagogiky a psychológie v prostredí rodiny, školy a mimoškolských výchovných inštitúcií.

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Maroš Melichárek

The history of the Balkans (not just in the 20th century) and its nations have had an irreplaceable place at the Department of History, Faculty of Arts, UPJŠ in Košice for several years. Therefore, this textbook is a logical culmination of this established trend. It represents the third publication focused on Southeastern Europe, as in 2015 a monograph titled International Relations in the 19th and 20th Centuries I (Nations of Southeastern Europe in International Politics, 1804 – 1856) was published, and in 2020 Nations of Southeastern Europe under International Politics from 1856 to 1913.

Logically then, this publication complements the literature portfolio (both thematically and chronologically) for students interested in this still turbulent region. Previous works are scientific monographs that can also be used during pedagogical processes; however, this work is directly aimed at students and their needs.

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Jozef Bavoľár - Ladislav Lovaš - Simona Ďurbisová

The process of achieving goals is one that has traditionally received significant attention in psychology. This attention is not only directed by researchers focused on motivation, with which the process of achieving goals is classically associated, but also from a wide range of other areas (e.g., emotions, personality). One aspect of goal-directed behavior that has received minimal, if not virtually no, attention is decision-making.

It is surprising to realize that various aspects of decision-making are present throughout the entire process of achieving goals - from evaluating different aspects of multiple alternative goals, through selecting among them, deciding on resource allocation (effort, time, finances, relationships...), continuously monitoring progress, to evaluating the outcome and its impact on future goal-directed behavior.

Even more surprising is that decision-making is directly addressed by one of the dominant theories explaining goal-directed behavior - the theory of mental action phases (mindset theory of action phases; Gollwitzer 1999, 2012). This theory distinguishes the pre-decisional and post-decisional phases as the first two phases of this behavior, separated precisely by the decision about which goal to pursue.

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Michaela Ružičková - Patrik Furik - Lukáš Jakabovič (eds.)

The collection of articles from the XI. International Scientific Conference for Students and Young Scientists, organized by the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Arts of the Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, in cooperation with the Res Publica Civic Association, the Department of Security Studies of the Faculty of Political Science and International Relations of the Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, Institute of Political Sciences and Administration, Faculty of Political Science and Journalism, Marie Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, and the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Arts, University of Miskolc, held on 20 May 2022 in Košice.

The aim of this publication, entitled Truth vs. Post-Truth. „It is not true, but it could be.”, is to highlight the threats arising from the issue of the spread of disinformation, conspiracies and hoaxes today, reflecting not only on the national context, but also on the impact of these elements in the international environment.

The proceedings consist of 12 articles written in Slovak and English. The individual contributions deal with selected topics and aspects of the spread of disinformation, conspiracy theories or hoaxes, among others in the context of elections, media landscape and politics.

The topics of the contributions are the limits of freedom of expression, media freedom and regulation in the media space, the issue of propaganda or information warfare. The present volume also includes papers focusing on issues in the field of political ideologies or the issue of false narratives about the COVID-19 disease.

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Linda Babušík Adamčíková - Gabriel Koscelanský - Mária Petriková (eds.)

Proceedings of the VI. Annual International Scientific Conference of Students and Young Researchers organized on May 11–12, 2017 by the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Arts at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, the Department of Political Sciences and Public Administration at Uzhhorod National University, the Research Institute of Central Europe, and the Res publica Association.

Presented publication is an outcome from the international scientific conference for students and young scientists that took place on 11th and 12th May 2017 at the Department of Political science, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. The main aim of the presented is to bring up outcomes of research of young scientists and students from Slovakia, as well as from abroad.

This conference proceedings contains 19 papers in Slovak, Czech and English language. Papers are dealing with current issues of theory and practice of politics and international relations. We can find paper analyzing globalization, international terrorism, topic of EU or development of European states. The conference proceedings contents also papers regarding the far-right parties, role of women in  politics and integration migrants in Slovak republic.

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Iveta Bónová

The foundations of the presented work were developed alongside the emerging research on child language in Slovakia. An enthusiastic team of individuals from several scientific fields—psychology (Marína Mikulajová), speech therapy (Svetlana Kapalková), and linguistics (Daniela Slančová, Jana Kesselová, Zuzana Ondráčková, Stanislava Zajacová, Iveta Bónová)—met regularly, discussed, and sought ways to mobilize efforts to achieve their set goals: conducting research on the language of intact (healthily developing) children based on actual longitudinal observation.

I am very pleased and grateful to have been part of the team at the beginning of systematic research in the field of child language acquisition in Slovakia. As a member of this team and a co-researcher on several projects in this area, I had the opportunity to participate in research on child language, which is no longer "on the fringes" of scientific interest. It has become a serious, exact study supported by quantitative and qualitative data, conducted systematically "at an excellent scientific level" (Průcha, 2011, p. 14).

The research itself was naturally preceded by data collection. The technologies of the late 20th century enabled the replacement of the outdated diary recording method with what is now the most commonly applied approach to material collection—audio-visual recordings. The synthesis of analyzed data collected over time, its explanation, generalization, and integration into a broader interdisciplinary research context is all the more interesting and beneficial as it contributes to speech therapy practice. Thanks to the results of the latest research, intervention possibilities in speech therapy are expanding, and methods for (early) diagnosis and stimulation are being developed and refined.

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Vladimír Leško, Milan Sobotka a kol.

Filozofické dielo Martina Heideggera, ktorého hlavnou otázkou je otázka bytia, je v rozhodujúcej miere zviazané s pochopením filozo-fického reflektovania tejto otázky v gréckej a novovekej filozofii. Filozofický vývoj nemeckého mysliteľa túto dejinno-filozofickú sku-točnosť prezentuje v jedinečnej podobe od dvadsiatych rokov 20. storočia až do konca svojej tvorby. Problém Heideggerovej recepcie gréckej filozofie s jej chápaním metafyziky bol predmetom nášho skúmania v práci Heidegger, metafyzika a Gréci (Košice: UPJŠ 2016, 693 s.).

V uvedenej práci sme sa snažili predstaviť Heideggerovu recepciu gréckej filozofie ako metafyziky v troch základných častiach: 1. Od Augustína k Aristotelovi, 2. Od Aristotela k Parmenidovi a 3. Neskorý Heidegger a grécka filozofia. Skúmali sme Heideggerov filozofický vývoj a v jeho rámci tiež význam veľmi špecifického mysliteľského rozhovoru s gréckym filozofickým dedičstvom. V tejto našej snahe sme sa orientovali na všetky najvýznamnejšie Heideggerove prednášky či samostatné diela, ktoré sú už dnes takmer kompletne prístupné. Heideggerovo záverečné rozlišovanie medzi filozofiou, tzn. meta-fyzikou a myslením potom možno chápať ako svojráznu filozofickú rezignáciu. Heideggerovi sa nepochybne podarila veľmi úspešná deš-trukcia pojmovosti metafyziky v dejinách filozofie. Tá ukázala, že je potrebné opustiť grécku substančnú ontológiu, ktorá sa už definitív-ne filozoficky vyčerpala.

Predkladaná práca Heidegger a novoveká metafyzika ponúka čitateľovi myšlienkový vývoj riešenia otázky bytia nemeckého filozofa v konfrontácii s novovekou metafyzikou. Je rozdelená do troch častí – 1. Od Descarta ku Kantovi, 2. Nemecký idealizmus a Nietzsche a 3. Neskorý Heidegger a Hegel, v ktorých nám ide o syntetické zachytenie Heideggerovho filozofického riešenia otázky bytia v mysliteľskom rozhovore s vrcholnými predstaviteľmi novovekej filozofie: Descar-tom, Leibnizom, Kantom, Schellingom, Hegelom, Kierkegaardom a Nietzschem.

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Lucia Tóthová

Počet ľudí so zdravotným znevýhodnením neustále rastie, čo predstavuje výzvu aj pre oblasť sociálnej práce. Tá zohráva kľúčovú úlohu v podpore týchto osôb a hľadaní efektívnych spôsobov napĺňania ich potrieb.

Vysokoškolská učebnica vznikla v rámci riešenia projektu KEGA č. 018UPJŠ-4/2024 s názvom „PhotoVoice ako inovatívna metóda advokácie sociálnych potrieb ľudí so sluchovým postihnutím“. Je prvou časťou viacdielneho cyklu, ktorý sa venuje rôznym aspektom tejto problematiky. Učebnica analyzuje historické a teoretické východiská, terminológiu a modely zdravotného znevýhodnenia. Venuje sa špecifikám vybraných druhov zmyslového znevýhodnenia. Osobitná pozornosť sa upriamuje na sociálne potreby týchto osôb a advokácii v sociálnej práci, pričom zdôraznený je význam aktívneho zapojenia ľudí so zdravotným znevýhodnením do riešenia vlastných životných situácií.

Okrem poskytovania odborných poznatkov môže učebnica slúžiť aj ako podnet na hlbšiu reflexiu vlastného prístupu k ľuďom so zdravotným znevýhodnením a na rozvoj citlivého prístupu k ľuďom so zdravotným znevýhodnením. Navyše, učebnica obsahuje vybrané prvky tzv. jasnej tlače, čím podporuje jej prístupnosť.

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Oľga Orosová - Marcela Štefaňáková - Mária Bačíková - Beáta Gajdošová - Anna Janovská

The research monograph is focused on studying the effectiveness of the Unplugged prevention program conducted at primary schools across Slovakia.

Using two large datasets with repeated measures, the monograph contributes to research knowledge about substance use prevention. The authors studied protective and risk factors, developmental trends of smoking and alcohol consumption as well as the effectiveness of the Unplugged prevention program – its effect on psychological and behavioural indicators of health-related behaviour.

Considering the complexity of the analyses on two datasets with 5 waves of data, each chapter is presented as a separate research study. The findings serve as a basis for recommendations for parents and teachers and also for school management at primary schools that support effective school policy aimed at the prevention and promotion of the health in schoolchildren.

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Eugen Andreanský

The presented monograph aims to critically map the understanding of the concept of possible worlds.

The first chapter describes the formation of the semantics of possible worlds, along with indicating some problems it brings, which were incisively revealed primarily by W. V. O. Quine. In the next two chapters, the work focuses on more modern views on the nature of possible worlds, with the main attention given to the dichotomy between the possibilist and actualist approach to the question of modalities, alongside which it is necessary to assess other distinctions (essentialism - anti-essentialism, realism - reductionism (or ersatzism or fictionalism), naturalism - non-naturalism, etc.). Increased attention in the work is specifically devoted to the possibilism of D. Lewis and the actualist concepts of S. Kripke, A. Plantinga, R. M. Adams, N. Rescher, D. Armstrong, and J. Hintikka.

An unconventional approach to the issue of possible worlds is captured in the fourth chapter. It is primarily dedicated to the significant concept of Jaakko Hintikka, which works with the notion of epistemic possible worlds and documents the inclination towards the modification and relativization of modal discourse. The conclusion provides an evaluation of the discussion that touches on the main problems associated with considerations of possible worlds.

In the presented monograph, some representative concepts of possible worlds, or possible individuals, are clarified, and the overall process is indicated from assessing possible worlds as ideal logical constructs through their relativization by separate domains of individuals for individual worlds and further through the relationship of attainability to financial, impossible, and non-standard possible worlds.

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