Komplexné riešenie dialyzovaných pacientov z pohľadu chirurga

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Zuzana Dankulincová (ed.)

Proceedings from the 8th Nationwide Conference on Health Psychology with International Participation, May 15, 2013, Košice, Slovak Republic

The Proceedings of Scientific Works Health Psychology in a Multidisciplinary Perspective on Health provides an overview of diverse topics addressed by experts in Slovakia and the Czech Republic, covering a broad scope of the discipline of health psychology.

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Želmíra Macejová

Vysokoškolský učebný text: “Vybrané kapitoly z reumatológie pre študentov lekárskych fakúlt“je určený na  pregraduálne štúdium pre študentov lekárskych fakúlt v študijnom odbore: všeobecné lekárstvo a zubné lekárstvo v rámci predmetu interná medicína 4. Kapitoly uvedené v danom diele zahŕňajú základy reumatológie, ktoré postačuje pre absolventa LF UPJŠ, zároveň slúži aj pre pregraduálnu prípravu v nelekárskom študijnom odbore – fyzioterapia.  Uvedené informácie sú základom pre prípravu na tzv. postupovú skúšku v rámci spoločného internistického kmeňa a zároveň podkladom aj pre špecializačné štúdium v odboroch všeobecný lekár a fyziatricko- rehabilitačný lekár. Text je rozdelený na  tieto časti:  vyšetrovacie metódy v reumatológii, terapeutické výkony v reumatológii,  autoimunitné ochorenia v reumatológii, kryštálmi indukované artritídy, infekčné artritídy, nezápalové reumatické ochorenia a metabolické ochorenia kostí. V závere je obrazová príloha k jednotlivým nozologickým jednotkám, ktoré sú podrobne opísané v texte.    

Jozef Kafka 

Otázky človeka, jeho bytia, násilie znepokojujú ľudí od najdávnejších čias ľudskej spoločnosti a sú nemalými problémami aj v prítomnosti. V tejto pôvodnej práci, ktorej predchádzali viaceré štúdie autora (najpodrobnejšie Kafka, 2002), sa zameriavam na opísanie násilia vo všetkých základných formách, čo je jednou z jej osobitostí. Podávam operačný výmer násilia:

Násilie je vedomá ľudská činnosť využívajúca ako prostriedok násilného činu fyzickú alebo psychickú silu na ovplyvnenie druhého človeka (pri pôsobení na seba ide o zvláštny prípad násilia), ktorý potom koná pod vplyvom tohto pôsobenia nedobrovoľne, z donútenia.

Nazdávam sa, že násilie charakterizuje určitá situácia, v ktorej sa stretávajú najmenej dvaja ľudia: aktér násilia a obeť násilia, alebo sa stretajú dvaja aktéri a jeden z nich sa zvyčajne stane obeťou. To je však osobitný prípad, ktorým sa teraz nebudem zaoberať. Ak je násilie zamerané proti vlastnej osobe, je aktér násilia súčasne aj obeťou. Aktér, ktorého osobnosť a motívy bývajú rôzne, začína násilný čin využívajúc pritom viaceré prostriedky a pôsobí nimi na druhého človeka, ktorého núti vykonávať svoju vôľu, čím sa tento stáva obeťou. Celý akt má určité následky. Napadnutý sa môže brániť tak, že násilie zvládne alebo to môže skončiť tragicky, keď násiliu podľahne. Táto relatívne jednoduchá reakcia sa stáva zložitejšou pri skupinovej forme násilia a celkom neprehľadnou pri hromadnom násilí.

Opisujem tieto základné formy násilia:

• - násilie proti vlastnej osobe vrátane samovraždy,
• - násilie individuálne, spôsobené jedným aktérom násilia,
• - násilie skupinové, charakterizované malými skupinami,
• - násilie hromadné alebo kolektívne medzi veľkými skupinami, vrátane vojen a revolúcií,
• - násilie proti neživej a živej prírode.

Práca končí krátkou analýzou liečby násilného správania a dôsledkov násilia s možnosťami jej prevencie. Opieram sa aj o vlastné skúsenosti s prejavmi násilia v psychiatrických zariadeniach. Nazdávam sa, že je to práca veľmi aktuálna, informatívna, ale aj pôvodná, lebo podáva v koncentrovanej podobe celý rozsiahly fenomén násilia s jeho základnými charakteristikami. Podobnú prácu v našej literatúre nemáme.

Autor

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Kvetoslava Rimárová

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Ján Varga

The cancer is the second most common reason of the death in human population. lt is responsible for approximately 10 million of death every year. Oncogynecology represents · one of the most pr ogressive part of gynecology. The interest is focused on vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, uterine cancer, fallopian tube carcinoma, ovarian cancer as well as breast cancer. Due to the range of the issue there are own workplaces ta king care just for the patients with oncogyneco logical diseases. The knowledge from oncogynecology are inevitably needed to pass the state exam as well as specialization from Gynecology and obstetrics. The presented publication is focused to mentioned oncogynecological diseases.

The anatomy and histology of the vulva, vagína, cervix, uterus, fallop ian tube and ovary are described in detail. Every described carcinoma contains part about etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic, classification and therapy. The paper contains information suitable for students of medical faculties as well as young doctors before specialization.

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Erik Dosedla

A uterine scar is currently a significant medical problem. Uterine scars most commonly occur after a Cesarean section, which is one of the most frequent laparotomic surgeries (Yazicioglu et al., 2006). The frequency of Cesarean sections increased between 1990 and 2014 in the USA from 21.2% to 32.2% (Hamilton et al., 2015), in Great Britain from 12% to 26.2% (NHS Maternity Statistics - England, 2013-14: Summary Report, 2015), and in the Slovak Republic from 8.7% to 31% (Národné centrum zdravotníckych informácii, 2016).

After a Cesarean section (CS), there is a risk of abnormal healing of the uterotomic wound, which can result in the development of certain pathological conditions in consecutive pregnancies (uterine rupture, ectopic pregnancy in the Cesarean scar, placental disorders) (Seow et al., 2004; Oyelese and Smulian, 2006; Fitzpatrick et al., 2012). In addition, a defect in the Cesarean scar is associated with chronic dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and postmenstrual spotting (Wang et al., 2009; Bij de Vaate et al., 2011).

Ultrasound is a valuable examination method in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of these pathological conditions.

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Martina Šemeláková (ed.)

Proceedings contain abstracts from participants of the scientific conference with international participation under the name: Student scientific international conference GenICa”, supported by the project "Bilateral relations and common knowledge between Slovakia and Iceland research at Universities on the topic "Genomic instability and cancer "GenICa", funded under the EEA and Norwegian 2014-2021 Financial Mechanism Programme (FBR02, bilateral initiatives under the Fund for Bilateral Relations at national level co-financed by EEA and Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021) which took place on 19 - 21 June 2024 in the premises of Hotel Sorea Trigan, Štrbské Pleso, Slovakia.

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František Sabola kol.

Although we are not really sure if “Love is coming from the Heart” and nor we know where “the Residence of Soul” is, we are still overwhelmed by its unprecedented effort to keep us alive. Our lives are nowadays fulfilled with enormous chances to satisfy our needs and wishes. Hand in hand is changing our way of life, the intake of calories is growing and the amount of physical activity decreasing. We live longer and maybe happier but our hearts
and vessels are like mirrors showing us how we live. Diseases of the Heart and vessels have become the number one cause of death in highly developed countries including our homeland.
Prevention of cardiovascular diseases has become and an important social and health care system issue. The knowledge requirement of basic principles of cardiology and heart surgery is increasing. Without an understanding of basic principles a good clinical practice is hardly possible.
Together with my Colleagues of Heart surgery department of VÚSCH and LF UPJŠ we prepared this short overview of basic knowledge about surgery of the human heart. We hope that reading it will be more an adventure than a painful journey. If you find some answers to your unanswered questions our effort was not a waste of time.

Authors

Mária Pallayová - Štefan Kujaník

The “Textbook of Practical Physiology, Part I - Cardiovascular Physiology” by Mária Pallayová and Štefan Kujaník is a practical textbook of Human Physiology intended for English speaking medical students from general medicine and dentistry curricula.

The textbook covers basic principles in cardiovascular physiology and methods of the cardiovascular examination. Adequate knowledge of the cardiovascular physiology is important for the understanding of cardiovascular system function, as well as for the diagnosis and proper treatment of cardiovascular and other diseases. The practical tasks are constructed to facilitate knowledge acquisition and encourage students to develop practical skills, for instance the ability to follow experimental protocols, to work as part of a team, and to interpret data.

The textbook is written in English and comprises 91 pages in B5 format, grouped into twelve chapters. Each chapter is divided into six sections (Introduction, Principle, Importance, Materials, Procedure, and Protocol) to facilitate students’ understanding of the topics and assist them with preparation of the laboratory reports. The text is accompanied by explanatory figures, graphs, and tables that contribute to the learning experience.

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Pavol Joppa a kol.

University textbooks address the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, complications, and prognosis of the most significant non-specific respiratory diseases, including bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonias, pleural syndrome, lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases (including exogenous allergic alveolitis and sarcoidosis), and sleep apnea syndrome.

The final section on non-specific diseases discusses chronic cor pulmonale as the primary cardiovascular complication of chronic pulmonary diseases.

The last chapter focuses on the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis, addressing the scope of phthisiology

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Roman Beňačka a kolektív

Prvé vydanie zborníka vybraných kapitol z Patologickej fyziológie pre zdravotnícke odbory, ktorý má slúžiť pre prípravu patofyziológie študentov Ošetrovateľstva, Verejného zdravotníctva, Fyzioterapie a iných podobných odborov bakalárskeho a magisterského štúdia na Lekárskych fakultách a vysokých školách zdravotného zamerania. Prednosťou učebnice oproti doterajším titulom je zameranie na modernú pedagogickú prezentáciu a štrukturalizáciu textu, pomáhajúcu pri rýchlej orientácii a zapamätaní s ilustratívnymi obrázkami a dátovo bohatými tabuľkami. Kniha je vo formáte obdobnom u zahraničných titulov.

 Soňa Grešováa kol.

The object of the practical textbook is both theory and practice. The student is familiar with the investigative methods used in patients at different clinics as well as research institutes. Investigative methods are a source of knowledge about the state of the internal environment of an individual, the functionality of the various systems of the body, based on which it is possible to establish a conclusion on whether the individual is healthy or not. 

Authors

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Emil Fraenkel  Martin Kaško Jana Deptová

The authors address the current view on the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, while the following sections are devoted to classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and epidemiology of diabetes. The work provides insights into outpatient therapeutic management of patients by specialists and during hospitalisation for acute complications of diabetes, taking into account the latest recommendations from the last two years. Separate chapters are devoted to the management of associated and concomitant diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, or complications of diabetes, including cardiovascular complications, neuropathy, nephropathy, and ocular complications. The work also discusses the issue of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, including gestational diabetes mellitus. A special chapter, written by a co-author, is devoted to the issue of osteoporosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

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Eva Slabá-Helena Mičková-Jozef Židzik-Lucia Klimčáková-Janka Vašková

Teaching texts „Practical Lessons in Medical biology“ provide the theoretical foundations of microscopy, various microscopic techniques and preparation of microscopic slides in an understandable form. The chapters of the teaching texts contain model questions and tasks from cytology, molecular biology and genetics enabling students to acquire new knowledge from individual thematic areas and provide instructions for the implementation of tasks during laboratory lessons in medical biology. Teaching texts are primarily intended for the practical lessons in the subjects Biology 1 and Biology 2 for foreign students of the first year of General Medicine and the subjects Medical Biology and Genetics and Regenerative Medicine for foreign students of the first and second year of Dental Medicine at P. J. Šafárik University in Košice – Faculty of Medicine.

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Miriam Kozárová

Simulation-based medical education has become an integral part of medical education in the 21st century. It represents a modern and effective way to enable medical, nursing, emergency medicine, and other healthcare team members to safely develop clinical skills, decision-making abilities, and teamwork. Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is primarily about opportunities to try out and experience medical/nursing/rescue procedures in a safe environment without any risk to real patients.

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Terézia Hudáková-Ján Šalagovič-Jozef Židzik

The Textbook of Medical Biology and Genetics for Bachelor's Study Programs is a comprehensive academic resource tailored to the curriculum of undergraduate courses at the Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. Each of the 15 chapters begins with a concise theoretical overview, followed by a carefully selected set of practical exercises and model examples designed to promote active learning and critical thinking. This publication aims to serve as an essential companion for students, supporting their understanding of key concepts and enhancing their preparation for coursework and examinations in designated bachelor's programs.

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