MANAŽMENT V OŠETROVATEĽSTVE

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Iveta Cimbolákováa kol.

The premise “today’s research shapes the healthcare of tomorrow” expresses the importance of medical research and the reason for its pursuit. Scientific research and advances in biomedical sciences, as well as their application in medical practice and in the process of delivering healthcare, nevertheless bring new problems in the area of ethics.

Biomedical research itself requires the precise definition of hypotheses, which are tested both under laboratory conditions and on experimental animals. Although clinical studies on human subjects are expected to benefit individual participants and to advance fundamental biomedical knowledge, they also entail certain risks depending on the nature of the research. These risks must be minimized, and the experiment should be conducted freely while also taking place within specific measures to protect all involved-not only the test subjects, but also the researchers themselves.

The presented publication provides an overview of the general conditions and ethical principles of research involving laboratory animals and human subjects, the issue of professional and ethical assessment of projects, as well as fraud and the publication of results. At present, we are witnessing tremendous progress in molecular biological sciences, which brings ethical dilemmas also in the field of genetics. For this reason, one of the chapters is devoted to the latest findings in this area.

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Jozef Kafka

Behavior, in the slovak language expressed as an intention, belongs to basic mental processes of every individual. In this work I consider it as the basic component of an individual having two sides, outer- and inner side. I present it in the scheme No. 2.

The problem of behavior can not be fully covered, although there is a lot of writing, discussing and experimenting by ancient time.

The work may offer only few comments, approaching maily disorders of behavior. I present the original explanation of these disorders, dividing them on primary and derived ones. Primary disorders create the core of the disorder, derived disorders create a component of other disorders.

My classification of primary disorders is as follows:

1. age dependent disorders of behavior
2. disorders in the dynamical structure and in phases of behavior
3. integrative disorders of behavior, disorders of the will, which is the sign of the developed behavior of the individual.

The work is addresses to everone who is interested in his/her owm behavior, but especially for the Medical faculty and psychiatrists, for students of all our faculties.

Author 

 Miroslav Mydlík - Július Vajó (eds.) 

Lucia Dimunová et al.

Nutrition is among the fundamental needs of humans. A good nutritional status directly impacts an individual’s growth and development, health maintenance, and quality of life. This university textbook addresses nutrition in the context of dietetics and therapeutic nutrition, offering an overview of basic food components such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.

It provides detailed insights into nutritional requirements across different developmental stages. In assessing nutritional status, it explores evaluation methods, including nutritional screening, anthropometric measurements, clinical assessments, and laboratory tests.

The text clarifies the structure of nutritional care systems for patients in home settings, healthcare facilities, and social institutions through a unified dietary system that defines basic and specialized diets. Alternative nutrition methods are discussed separately, with enteral and parenteral nutrition serving as alternatives during unfavorable health conditions.

The authors focus on application techniques and complications associated with these methods. The book concludes with food safety considerations and foundational principles of the European Union’s food policy. Currently, dietetics and therapeutic nutrition form a critical component of professional training for healthcare students in both undergraduate and postgraduate education, for whom this textbook is designed.

Authors’ Collective

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 Terézia Hudáková - Jozef Židzik 

Pomocné učebné texty Biológia a genetika – pracovný zošit pre bakalárske študijné programy na praktické cvičenia z lekárskej biológie a genetiky sú určené predovšetkým pre študentov 1. ročníka bakalárskych odborov na UPJŠ LF v Košiciach (ošetrovateľstvo, fyzioterapia a verejné zdravotníctvo). Sú zamerané tak, aby vybranými praktickými úlohami a modelovými príkladmi vhodne dopĺňali, prehlbovali a ilustrovali látku, ktorú si študent vypočuje na prednáškach, alebo prečíta v učebnici. Dve základné oblasti pokryté v textoch sú cytológia a genetika.

Autori

E-book

Zuzana Kozelová

Vysokoškolský učebný text Chlopňové chyby je prvou slovenskou publikáciou, ktorá sa venuje využitiu simulátorovej medicíny vo výučbe auskultácie srdca. Cieľom publikácie bolo skvalitnenie štúdia vnútorného lekárstva využitím kardiologického simulátora, ktorým disponuje Centrum simulátorovej a virtuálnej medicíny (CSVM) na Lekárskej fakulte UPJŠ. Výučbový materiál môže poslúžiť nielen ako príprava k praktickým cvičeniam so simulátorom Cardiology Patient Simulator „K“ ver 2 (Kyoto Kagaku), ale aj ako užitočná pomôcka pre študentov počas praktických cvičení pri lôžku pacienta. Študenti v publikácii nájdu okrem detailného opisu auskultačných nálezov na jednotlivých chlopniach aj podrobne vysvetlenú ich klinickú manifestáciu u pacienta pri fyzikálnom vyšetrení. Samozrejmou súčasťou sú EKG a echokardiografické nálezy a v neposlednom rade aj možnosť manažmentu jednotlivých chlopňových chýb podľa najnovších odporúčaní Európskej kardiologickej spoločnosti. Využitie publikácie je pre študentov medicíny od internej propedeutiky (3. ročník) až po záverečné štátnicové skúšky.

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Martina Vidová Ugurbas

Plastická chirurgia je vysoko špecializovaný medicínsky odbor, ktorý sa zaoberá korekciou defektov, rekonštrukciou a zdokonaľovaním ľudského tela.

Náplňou plastickej chirurgie je korekcia rôznych defektov, vrodených i získaných. Medzi vrodené chyby patria deformity tváre, rázštepy pery a podnebia, deformity ušnice, vrodené vývojové chyby končatín. Najčastejšie získané defekty sú po poraneniach, po chirurgických výkonoch, po fyzikálnych poškodeniach kože a štruktúr krytých kožou.

Do plastickej chirurgie patrí i estetická chirurgia, onkochirurgia a mikrochirurgia, ktorá si zaslúži osobitnú pozornosť. Novými trendami v estetickej chirurgii je rekonštrukcia pomocou tukového tkaniva, kmeňových buniek, používanie rôznych umelých materiálov a implantátov.

Predložené učebné texty v jednotlivých kapitolách popisujú základné princípy plastickej chirurgie, používanie lalokových plastík a iné možnosti krytia defektov. V ôsmych kapitolách sú jednotlivo popísané chirurgické možnosti rekonštrukcie tváre, trupu a končatín. Učebné texty venujú pozornosť malígnym a benígnym kožným tumorom a ich liečbe. Posledná kapitola sa zaoberá najčastejšími estetickými operáciami ako sú augmentácia a redukcia prsníkov, facelifting či blefaroplastika.

E-booka

Denisa Harvanová (ed.)

The proceedings contain abstracts submitted by participants of the international scientific event entitled "MVDr. Ján Rosocha, CSc. Memorial" (3rd year). The event is part of a bilateral project named: "Extracellular vesicles: a promising cell-free therapy for cartilage repair (SK-AT-23-0005)", which is implemented within the framework of cooperation between Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia, and the University for Continuing Education Krems in Austria. It is funded by the Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV) under the bilateral call Slovakia-Austria 2023 and by OEAD – Agency for Education and Internationalisation under the project number SK11/2024. The MVDr. Ján Rosocha, CSc. Memorial (3rd year) was held on October 14, 2025, on the premises of the Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Slovak Republic.

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Eva Mechírová - Iveta Domoráková

The content of this "Practical lessons" represents a record of the appearance, under the light microscope of the tissues, organs and systems of the human body. In addition, it provides visual guidelines during the practical phase of a histology course. It is hoped that this book will be especially useful to students to understand fully the microscopic structure of human tissues and organs.

Authors

Alžbeta Blichárová - Ľudmila Verbóová - Zuzana Benetinová - Vladimír Tancoš  - Patrícia Kollárová  - Adam Nedoroščík - Erika Štammová  - Pavel Kočan

“Pathology Part 2 (summer semester) - Practical lessons for students of dental medicine” represents the second half of the university textbook designed for the pregradual study of pathology. The textbook complements the lectures of pathology and serves as a source of information for students of dental medicine, that are preparing for the practical credit, as well as the final oral examination.

In this part of the “Pathology” series, forty-four selected histopathological slides are presented. Each selected slide is provided with general information in relation to etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as with corresponding morphological features, including the gross appearance and the most important histopathological characteristics. The textbook summarizes the basic concepts of systemic pathology (pathology of the heart, vessels, lungs, gastrointestinal, urogenital system, breast, musculoskeletal, nervous system, skin and infancy) and pathology of the orofacial region, that is logical continuation and completion of general pathology in the first semester.

Jozef Kafka 

Otázky človeka, jeho bytia, násilie znepokojujú ľudí od najdávnejších čias ľudskej spoločnosti a sú nemalými problémami aj v prítomnosti. V tejto pôvodnej práci, ktorej predchádzali viaceré štúdie autora (najpodrobnejšie Kafka, 2002), sa zameriavam na opísanie násilia vo všetkých základných formách, čo je jednou z jej osobitostí. Podávam operačný výmer násilia:

Násilie je vedomá ľudská činnosť využívajúca ako prostriedok násilného činu fyzickú alebo psychickú silu na ovplyvnenie druhého človeka (pri pôsobení na seba ide o zvláštny prípad násilia), ktorý potom koná pod vplyvom tohto pôsobenia nedobrovoľne, z donútenia.

Nazdávam sa, že násilie charakterizuje určitá situácia, v ktorej sa stretávajú najmenej dvaja ľudia: aktér násilia a obeť násilia, alebo sa stretajú dvaja aktéri a jeden z nich sa zvyčajne stane obeťou. To je však osobitný prípad, ktorým sa teraz nebudem zaoberať. Ak je násilie zamerané proti vlastnej osobe, je aktér násilia súčasne aj obeťou. Aktér, ktorého osobnosť a motívy bývajú rôzne, začína násilný čin využívajúc pritom viaceré prostriedky a pôsobí nimi na druhého človeka, ktorého núti vykonávať svoju vôľu, čím sa tento stáva obeťou. Celý akt má určité následky. Napadnutý sa môže brániť tak, že násilie zvládne alebo to môže skončiť tragicky, keď násiliu podľahne. Táto relatívne jednoduchá reakcia sa stáva zložitejšou pri skupinovej forme násilia a celkom neprehľadnou pri hromadnom násilí.

Opisujem tieto základné formy násilia:

• - násilie proti vlastnej osobe vrátane samovraždy,
• - násilie individuálne, spôsobené jedným aktérom násilia,
• - násilie skupinové, charakterizované malými skupinami,
• - násilie hromadné alebo kolektívne medzi veľkými skupinami, vrátane vojen a revolúcií,
• - násilie proti neživej a živej prírode.

Práca končí krátkou analýzou liečby násilného správania a dôsledkov násilia s možnosťami jej prevencie. Opieram sa aj o vlastné skúsenosti s prejavmi násilia v psychiatrických zariadeniach. Nazdávam sa, že je to práca veľmi aktuálna, informatívna, ale aj pôvodná, lebo podáva v koncentrovanej podobe celý rozsiahly fenomén násilia s jeho základnými charakteristikami. Podobnú prácu v našej literatúre nemáme.

Autor

Mária Pallayová - Štefan Kujaník

The “Textbook of Practical Physiology, Part I - Cardiovascular Physiology” by Mária Pallayová and Štefan Kujaník is a practical textbook of Human Physiology intended for English speaking medical students from general medicine and dentistry curricula.

The textbook covers basic principles in cardiovascular physiology and methods of the cardiovascular examination. Adequate knowledge of the cardiovascular physiology is important for the understanding of cardiovascular system function, as well as for the diagnosis and proper treatment of cardiovascular and other diseases. The practical tasks are constructed to facilitate knowledge acquisition and encourage students to develop practical skills, for instance the ability to follow experimental protocols, to work as part of a team, and to interpret data.

The textbook is written in English and comprises 91 pages in B5 format, grouped into twelve chapters. Each chapter is divided into six sections (Introduction, Principle, Importance, Materials, Procedure, and Protocol) to facilitate students’ understanding of the topics and assist them with preparation of the laboratory reports. The text is accompanied by explanatory figures, graphs, and tables that contribute to the learning experience.

Authors

Mária Mareková a kol. 

Medical biochemistry is integral parts of basic theoretic knowledge of contemporary graduate at medical faculties. This textbook intends to help the undergraduate students of study branches General Medicine and Dental Medicine for the course of “Medical Biochemistry”. It is structured into 10 chapters concerning several topics: enzymology, cells membrane, metabolism, biochemistry of blood and organs, as well as some parts of clinical biochemistry.

The theoretical knowledge of this subject, which student obtains in the lectures, is verified in laboratory practices and is expanded in seminaries. Our selection of topics makes the text especially appropriate for medical students and managing of problems gives the students satisfactory ground for effective study of medical biochemistry and other related study subjects (e.g. clinical biochemistry, physiology, pathophysiology) in the sense of comprehension of relative continuity and interdependence of biochemical process or their function respectively.

Since the textbook brings only the skeleton survey on the biochemical problematic concerning medicine, students should broaden presented facts by additional study from lectures and/or from other sources. We expect this study literature to serve as a basic study material for mentioned medical study branches for preparation to written part of exam from “Medical Biochemistry”.

Authors

E-book
Mária Rašiová
The textbook entitled Selected Vascular Diseases is intended for medical students and physicians who specialize in internal medicine and angiology. Its goal is to present some lesser-known vascular diseases, or clinical conditions requiring rapid diagnosis. The text analyzes diseases occurring less frequently in clinical practice, such as aortitis, vascular malformations, peripheral arteriovenous malformations, pelvic venous diseases, and Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome. The textbook also addresses conditions that require rapid diagnosis, such as acute mesenteric ischemia and infectious aortitis. Within the scope of vasoneuroses, it describes Raynaud's phenomenon and childhood vascular diseases, such as hemangiomas. The text also touches on late complications associated with arteriovenous shunts in patients treated with hemodialysis.
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 Magdaléna Hagovská 

The presented material provides a complex view on rehabilitation of patients in neurology. It is a second completely elaborated and extended edition of the original textbook –Neurology overview for physiotherapists. It contains data on etiology of neurological diseases, pathophysiology, examination in physiotherapy and the possibilities of a conservative treatment. From special treatment methods the faciooral therapy, acral coactivation therapy are described in greater details and the possibilities of diagnosis and training of cognitive functions. In annexes standardized questionnaire methods are described, which can be used in degree (final) works. A part of the publication is the Chapter on vertebrogenic syndromes which are frequently observed in neurological disorders. 

Author

E-book

Mária Sováriová Soósová, Renáta Suchanová, Libuša Tirpáková

Predkladaná vysokoškolská učebnica prináša poznatky z oblasti ošetrovateľskej starostlivosti u pacientov s ochoreniami srdcovo-cievneho systému. Je určená pre poslucháčov odboru ošetrovateľstvo v rámci pregraduálneho a postgraduálneho vzdelávania, sestrám pracujúcim v tejto oblasti, ako aj ďalším odborníkom z nelekárskych vedných disciplín, ktorí sa zaoberajú starostlivosťou o pacientov s kardio-vaskulárnymi chorobami.

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