MANAŽMENT V OŠETROVATEĽSTVE

Peter Berek 

S vývojom endovaskulárnej chirurgie dochádza postupne k rozvoju stentingu ACI. Minimálne invazívny prístup spravil túto metodiku vhodnú pre pacientov s vážnymi konkomitatnými kardiálnymi alebo pľúcnymi ochoreniami. Ďalšou výhodou v porovnaní s chirurgickou liečbou bol lepší prístup k ACI u pacientov po rádioterapii, po predchádzajúcich operáciách na krku, ale aj u pacientov so stenózami blízko lebečnej bázy. Porovnanie CEA vs CAS je zaujímavou a diskutabilnou témou mnohých štúdií. Avšak, aj napriek celosvetovému mohutnému rozvoju endovaskulárnej liečby karotická endarterektómia ostáva zlatým štandardom liečby stenózy ACI u symptomatických aj asymptomatických pacientov.

V tejto monografii by sme radi akcentovali a systematizovali problematiku chirurgickej prevencie CMP z pohľadu cievneho chirurga.

Andrea Madarasová Gecková - Daniela Husárová a kol.

The aim of this publication is to present the latest findings of the international study Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC), regarding the health and health-related behavior of school-aged children in Slovakia.After four years, it again brings information on various topics covering physical and mental health, nutritional behavior, leisure-time activities, use of psychoactive substances, within social environment of school-aged children, including family, school and peers. The publication also presents newfindings connected to objectively measured physical fitness of these children. Finally, data about school-aged children with special educational needs are also presented.The findings play an important role in understanding the needs of the new generation of adolescents and are an important source of information for all those who work with them, not only professionals but also parents.Last but not least, they are also beneficial for all stakeholders and institutions who participate in the preparing of policies and strategies focused on supporting the health of school-aged children.

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Tatiana Kimáková a kol.

Ethics, as the science of the proper realization of human potential in various areas of life, also extends into the environment. For understanding the ethical aspects in this field, a thorough knowledge of the individual components of the environment, as well as their impact not only on humans but on all living nature, is very important. Therefore, questions concerning the influence of the environment are increasingly at the forefront of interest from an ethical perspective, also in connection with existing legal norms.

The modern process of civilization is characterized by rapid development of science and technology. However, this development, while raising the standard of living on one hand, also brings negative side effects on the other. The result is the disruption of ecological, biological, and natural life conditions, especially in the areas of industrial centers. The development of individual branches of industry leads to the production of liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes, the emergence of harmful risk factors threatening various components of living nature, including humans. There may be increased bioaccumulation of hazardous chemical elements in organisms, which, through their effects, represent a potential risk also in terms of carcinogenesis and mutagenesis.

For this reason, an important role of society is to create conditions to prevent the release of emissions and to reduce their concentration to the lowest possible, socially and biologically acceptable level. The assessment of the biological effects of harmful substances is based on experimental and epidemiological studies. Knowledge of concentration and duration of exposure is crucial for applying dose-effect relationships and for determining the highest permissible concentrations of pollutants. The health of the population, as a universal value and a primary human right, represents a fundamental economic resource not only for the individual, but also for society as a whole.

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Alžbeta Blichárová - Ľudmila Verbóová - Zuzana Benetinová - Vladimír Tancoš  - Patrícia Kollárová  - Adam Nedoroščík - Erika Štammová  - Pavel Kočan

“Pathology Part 2 (summer semester) - Practical lessons for students of general medicine” represents the second half of the university textbook designed for the pregradual study of pathology. The textbook complements the lectures of pathology and serves as a source of information for students of general medicine, that are preparing for the practical credit, as well as the final oral examination.

In this part of the “Pathology” series, seventy selected histopathological slides are presented. Each selected slide is provided with general information in relation to etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as with corresponding morphological features, including the gross appearance and the most important histopathological characteristics. The textbook summarizes the basic concepts of systemic (organ) pathology (pathology of the lungs, hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, urogenital system, breast, endocrine, musculoskeletal, nervous system, skin childhood and infancy), that is logical continuation and completion of general pathology in the first semester.

Keywords: systemic pathology – histopathological slides – general medicine – gross appearance – microscopic image

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Tomáš Toporcer - Adrián Kolesár

The textbook "Heart surgery for medics" was created in response to repeated requests from students of the Faculty of Medicine P.J.Šafárik University, for the surgery state exam study material. In terms of content, the text corresponds to the required knowledges in cardiac surgery, needed to pass the state exam in surgery. Orientation in the issue of cardiac surgery is not only necessary for students whose specialization will be closely related to the given field. Basic knowledge of cardiac surgery is necessary for every medical faculty graduate. Knowing the treatment options, but also the possible complications of individual cardiac surgical procedures, is necessary for most medical specialties. Only by mastering the basics of each medical field can the patient be properly, adequately and modernly managed.

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Marek Stupák et al.

A well-known proverb says: "It is better to see once than to hear a hundred times." With this in mind, the electronic version of the teaching materials has been designed, as we are convinced that practical laboratory experience is irreplaceable and still holds its significance in university studies.

In the provided teaching texts, you will find a set of experiments that complement and help better understand the theoretical knowledge gained through self-study as well as lectures in an appropriate manner. Additionally, this e-version allows students, after printing and subsequently completing individual tables, observations, and conclusions, to submit them as a laboratory report that confirms they have successfully mastered the assigned tasks.

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Rastislav Dudič

Vysokoškolská učebnica je svojim rozsahom, obsahom, formou a spôsobom spracovania určená pre študentov bakalárskeho študijného programu Fyzioterapia. Je zameraná na získanie základných vedomostí z oblasti gynekológie a pôrodníctva.

Učebnica pozostáva z dvoch hlavných kapitol: vybrané kapitoly z gynekológie a vybrané kapitoly z pôrodníctva. Prvá kapitola je členená na 6 podkapitol. Autor v nich uvádza anatómiu ženských genitálií, základy gynekologického vyšetrenia, zápaly ženských pohlavných orgánov a sexuálne prenosné ochorenia. Záver prvej kapitoly je venovaný benígnym a malígnym nádorovým ochoreniam ženských genitálií. Druhá kapitola je členená tiež na 6 podkapitol, v ktorých autor sa venuje prenatálnej starostlivosti, uloženiu plodu v maternici, pôrodu, pridruženým ochoreniam v tehotenstve a potratom.

Učebnica je napísaná v rozsahu 83 strán. Uvedený text obsahuje 35 obrázkov, 9 tabuliek, zoznam skratiek a značiek a zoznam použitej literatúry. Autor cituje 35 prevažne zahraničných citácií.

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Ahmad Gharaibeh - Marek Lacko

Authors describe the clinical and paraclinical examination methods necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic diseases in both children and adults.

The examination methods are categorized based on individual anatomical locations. A valuable chapter discusses joint aspirations, detailing their indications, techniques for performing them, and potential complications. The chapter showcasing patient documentation for students serves as a significant aid for practical exams before the state final examination in surgery.

This work appropriately complements the available educational literature required for international undergraduate students in general medicine, as well as for physicians in specialized training in orthopedics and related fields.

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Mária Sováriová Soósová - Renáta Suchanová - Libuša Tirpáková

The presented university textbook provides knowledge in the field of nursing in internal medicine, specifically addressing the specifics of nursing care for patients with respiratory system diseases. It is intended for students of nursing as well as nurses working in this field.

The textbook is divided into six chapters and supplemented with bibliographic references, a list of abbreviations and symbols, a list of tables, and nursing diagnoses according to the NANDA International Taxonomy II classification (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, NANDA-I). For the correct interpretation of new knowledge, its modification, and effective application in specific situations in nursing practice, it is essential to utilize interdisciplinary relationships and apply the latest scientific evidence.

Those interested in further deepening their knowledge are referred to professional and scientific publications, primarily in nursing, clinical propedeutics, internal medicine, pharmacology, psychology, and other medical and humanities disciplines.

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Slavomír Perečinský - Ľubomír Legáth - Lenka Murínová - Marek Varga

Vysokoškolské učebné texty sú zamerané na najčastejších profesionálnych respiračných ochorení, ktoré sú na Slovensku i v ostatných krajinách Európskej únie treťou najčastejšou skupinou ochorení súvisiacich s pracovnou expozíciou. Poškodenie dýchacieho traktu môže mať prechodný, ale aj trvalý a často klinicky a prognosticky závažný charakter. Publikácia sa venuje základným skupinám ochorení – intersticiálne ochorenia pľúc, alergické ochorenia a nádorové ochorenia.  Jednotlivé kapitoly podrobne približujú etiopatogenézu ochorení, klinický obraz, diagnostické metódy a diferenciálnu diagnostiku. Záverečná kapitola upriamuje pozornosť na vyšetrovacie metódy v pracovnom lekárstve. V jej prvej časti sú rozpracované funkčné vyšetrovacie metódy dýchacieho systému. Druhá časť sa venuje zobrazovacím vyšetrovacím metódam s názornou obrazovou dokumentáciou najčastejšie hlásených pneumokonióz.

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Tatiana Kimáková - Vladimír Pavlík

The scientific monograph focuses on the characteristics of free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, oxidative stress, and its impact on various diseases. A significant portion is dedicated to antioxidants, their classification based on multiple criteria, the characteristics of selected antioxidants in terms of their functions, manifestations of their deficiency and excess, and the overall antioxidant capacity of the body.

A special section is devoted to enzyme-based antioxidants, natural sources of antioxidants in the form of vitamins, trace elements, flavonoids, polyphenols, and coenzyme Q10. To provide a clearer understanding of antioxidants and their influence on population health, the monograph presents results from a research project included in the program "Research Support for Enhancing the Defense Capabilities of the Czech Republic in NATO Structures."

The research was conducted between 2010 and 2012 as part of preventive rehabilitation programs for professional soldiers with a sports component. The study involved 218 professional soldiers, including 180 men and 38 women, with an average age of 33.3 years. The current health status and dietary habits of the soldiers were assessed using questionnaires.

The study described the saturation of the observed group with antioxidant vitamins and statistically evaluated the relationship between their levels and the risk indicators for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Individual analyses were performed using the Reflotron device calibrated with Reflotron Precinorm control serum. Following blood collection, all participants underwent anthropometric examinations (body weight, height, waist circumference), blood pressure measurements, heart rate monitoring, and physical fitness assessments through simple functional tests.

This scientific monograph is suitable for the scientific community, students of medical, veterinary, and natural sciences, as well as public health students at all levels of university education. It is also intended for informed members of the public.

Authors

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Jozef Radoňak a kol.

Skriptá chirurgická propedeutika predstavujú učebné texty prinášajúce pohl'ad do histórie chirurgie cez všeobecne platné princípy chirurgie, moderné diagnostické a terapeutické metó­dy. Patričná pozornost' sa venuje základom chirurgickej onkológie, úrazovej chirurgie, anesteziológie a resuscitácie ako aj liečbe krvácania, infekcie, šoku či transplantáciám. Súčas­ťou textu sú aj kapitoly z vojnovej chirurgie.

Květuše Lovásová a kol. 

Despite the wide range of high quality textbooks offered on the Slovak market there is no publication with colorful pictures and schemes that can serve as an principal tool for practical and theoretical teaching of neuroanatomy for future psychologists in non-medical academic programmes of Arts and Science Faculties. Following new trends in methods of teaching, it is necessary to pay more attention to quality, depth, and effectiveness of education.

Such kind of illustrated textbook with the interesting graphic design should connect this important morphological subject and clinical medicine to understand the nervous system in the clinical context. This publication was created by using of original, new detailed pictures, and graphic schemes and was supplemented with a short clinical notes. It will be very helpfull to understand the details of neuroanatomical structures and brain regions.

We hope that originality and details of this book will find its application in studies of neuroanatomy for psychologists. 

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Jana Raková et al.

The proposed university textbook focuses on topics related to nutrition and nutritional recommendations for patients with selected diseases.

The aim is to provide dietary recommendations for patients with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, and bone and joint diseases. An important part of the content includes nutrition in relation to cancer. Beneficial for the present time is also a chapter focused on food allergies and intolerances.

The publication highlights specific and targeted nutritional interventions as part of the treatment regimen, which is essential to know and follow in a patient's personal life.

PhDr. Jana Raková, PhD.
(on behalf of the authors' collective)

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Dominika Jarčušková

The script deals with the issue of harmful alcohol use and its consequences on individuals’ cognitive abilities. The first part is devoted to the diagnosis of dependence syndrome and the assessment of risky drinking according to internationally recognized classifications (ICD, DSM). The following chapters explain the concept of cognition and its main components. Attention is also given to changes in cognitive functions during long-term alcohol abuse. The reader is introduced to the anatomical changes in the brain caused by alcohol. Damage to white matter and disorders of neurotransmission are described. Special focus is placed on diagnoses associated with alcohol use, such as Korsakoff syndrome, Wernicke’s encephalopathy, demyelinating disorders, and hepatic encephalopathy. Attention is also paid to the possibilities of diagnosing cognitive dysfunction. General screening tests such as MMSE or MoCA are presented. More specific tools, such as PHES or BEARNI, are described in greater detail. The script also points out the possibilities of pharmacological treatment. Non-pharmacological approaches, including cognitive remediation therapy and computer-based training, are also discussed. The conclusion is devoted to modern neuromodulation methods, in particular transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. This university textbook is primarily intended for students of medicine, psychology, and related health sciences.

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