Zákony IV. 2026

 Erik Štenpien 

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Jozef Suchoža - Ján Husár - Regina Hučková

In 2020 and 2021, the tradition of holding the Law – Business – Economics conference was exceptionally interrupted due to the unprecedented situation associated with the spread of Covid-19. This year, the situation allows us to restore the tradition of our Tatra conference and, after two years, to once again meet in person with our traditional domestic and international participants. At the same time, we look forward to welcoming participants who are attending our conference for the first time (and we hope it will not be the last).

You are holding in your hands the proceedings of scientific papers, published in connection with the implementation of scientific projects at the scientific workplace – the Department of Commercial and Economic Law, as the main organizer of the scientific conference, as well as at other departments of the Faculty of Law at UPJŠ and at many academic institutions both at home and abroad. The proceedings are published with the support of the Slovak Research and Development Agency. The editors would like to thank everyone who contributed their scientific articles, as well as the reviewers for their valuable comments and recommendations.

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Stanislav Konečný

The topic of our research task of the same name VEGA 1/0757/17 was based on the question – and was likewise defined in its approved project – how public administration as one of the providers of public services can act as efficiently as possible in favour of making these services available from the aspect (place of permanent residence) of the citizen.

This can be done with a certain optimality in the structure of public administration, primarily at the local, but also at the supra-local, e.g. regional, level. If, for example, the settlement structure is too disintegrated, or conversely the regional structure is too aggregated (or even too fragmented), various alternative solutions must be sought that are rational and optimal for satisfying citizens and that will not waste public resources.

In this, it is also questionable how the system of state administration authorities and local government authorities is reflected in this structure (in the case of known differences in their operation in both these regimes, or in a regime of delegated performance of state administration), including the conditions of funding these services as public services.

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Adam Giertl - Ľudmila Elbert

Collection of Papers from the 8th Student Symposium held on April 20–21, 2015 in Danišovce

The capture of the historic Syrian city of Palmyra by fighters of the radical Islamic State caused shock among the global public. The main reason is the barbarism with which this organization proceeds, not only in relation to the treasures of the world’s cultural heritage. The situation in the Middle East, where cultural treasures of inestimable value are under direct threat, demonstrates how fragile the world’s cultural heritage is. The reaction of the international public and world leaders shows how sensitively the destruction of cultural heritage is perceived.

The quoted statement chosen by the editors relates to the threat posed by the Islamic State—however, the spirit of this statement can be applied to any cultural wealth that forms part of the world’s cultural heritage. The destruction or damage of these values primarily represents a loss for humanity as such. Each destroyed artifact of world cultural heritage signifies the disappearance of a unique legacy left by previous generations for the future. At the same time, cultural heritage must be understood as a broad spectrum of assets—both tangible and intangible. Their legal protection was the topic of this year’s symposium. As with any social interest, the protection of cultural heritage can be ensured through various mechanisms and under different forms of social organization.

These diverse approaches are unified by law as a normative system. The question for the 8th year of the symposium on international law was what role international law plays in the protection of cultural heritage. In the context of the European region, the role of the European Union as a regional organization was examined.

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Vladimír Babčák  a kolektív

Vysokoškolská učebnica Základy slovenského finančného práva ponúka čitateľovi v kompaktnej podobe ťažiskové poznatky týkajúce sa problematiky slovenského finančného práva. V práci je spracovaná finančnoprávna problematika komplexne vo vzťahu k všetkým oblastiam ťažiskových finančno-právnych vzťahov na Slovensku. Jej obsah vychádza z autormi akceptovaných poznatkov o štruktúre systému finančného práva, z ktorého sú vyčlenené aspekty týkajúce sa daňového a poplatkového práva. Rozsah a hĺbka spracovania jednotlivých oblastí finančno-právnej regulácie závisí jednak od významu konkrétneho inštitútu finančného práva a jednak od rozsahu a druhu právnej regulácie platnej v príslušnej oblasti. Finančné právo poníma v symbióze postavenia a pôsobenia ako verejnoprávneho odvetvia, vednej a pedagogickej disciplíny, ktorá sa vyučuje na právnických i ekonomických fakultách, resp. fakultách podobného zamerania. Poznať aspoň základy finančného práva na Slovensku, ako aj obsah platných finančno-právnych predpisov by však malo byť samozrejmosťou nielen pre študentov, ale aj pre každého, kto akokoľvek vstupuje do vzťahov, ktorých predmetom sú peniaze.  

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Dominika Marčoková Becková (ed.)

Proceedings of Papers of XVIth year of the student symposium of the Institute of International Law and European Law

Proceedings of Papers of XVIth year of the student symposium of the Institute of International Law and European Law is devoted to selected aspects of the place and role of criminal law from the point of view of contemporary EU law and international law. In their contributions, students deal with current topics of criminal law in the law of the European Union and international law. In the EU law, the most actual issue is the European Public Prosecutor's Office, a body of the EU responsible for investigateing and prosecuting criminal offenses affecting the Union's financial interests.

The first part of papers dealt with the reasons for the establishment of the European Public Prosecutor's Office, its structure and tasks, the issue of conducting the investigation of the European Public Prosecutor's Office in the conditions of the Slovak Republic, as well as with the relations of the European Public Prosecutor's Office with its closest partner, the European Anti-Fraud Office.

The second part of the contributions reflects current issues and challenges of criminal law in international law. Authors in their papers focused on the issue of the International Criminal Tribunal for Ukraine, the legal problems and challenges associated with its creation, on the issue of the crime of aggression before the International Criminal Court, as well as on issues of immunity of state representatives before national courts.

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Herbert Hausmaninger - Peter Blaho -  Veronika Kleňová

Kniha obsahuje konkrétne prípady z oblasti rímskeho civilného procesu, rodinného, vecného, záväzkového a dedičského práva, ktoré sa odohrali v antickom Ríme a jeho provinciách. Vybrané boli prípady s osobitným významom pre vývoj civilného práva kontinentálnej Európy. Prostredníctvom týchto prípadov zbierka umožňuje rekonštruovať skutkový stav a právnické odôvodnenia rozhodnutí rímskych právnikov. Vnútorná štruktúra každého prípadu je viac-menej konštantná. V záhlaví je uvedená inskripcia právneho prameňa; nasleduje úplný latinský text a jeho preklad. Každý prípad sa končí položenými otázkami, odkazmi na najdôležitejšie občianske zákonníky a na literatúru. Otázky sú zväčša formulované stručne, s cieľom povzbudiť čitateľa pri hľadaní vlastnej cesty k prameňom. Osobitný dôraz sa kladie na odôvodnenie príslušného rozhodnutia, pričom sa prihliada na spôsob argumentácie rímskych právnikov. Poznámka na občianske zákonníky má nielen ukázať na pretrvávanie rímskeho práva v moderných súkromnoprávnych poriadkoch, ale aj podporiť diskusiu k rímskemu riešeniu právnych problémov.

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Katarína Skolodová - Monika Minčičová (eds.)

Proceedings of the 5th Year of the Student Symposium of Labour Law

New trends in the digital age around the world do not avoid the labour market and the labour law relations. Do labour law standards and employers' practices correspond to the actual factors that influence an individual's physical or mental condition? Does digitization, including artificial intelligence, bring improvements or threats? Is the protection of employees' mental health paid equal attention that to the protection of physical health? The Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law of the Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice examines and analyzes legal aspects of new risks that threaten and affect individual health in the work environment within the researching of the project APVV-16-0002 - Mental Health in the Workplace and Employee Health Assessment.

The members of the department, with the theme of the 5th year of the student symposium "New Challenges of Employees´ Health Protection" created an opportunity for students to search deeper current legal issues and reflect the results of their creative work in the submitted papers. The proceedings of papers of the student symposium is rich in content and offers the reader the space to get acquainted with interesting questions and application problems accompanying them.

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Jozef Suchoža - Ján Husár - Regina Hučková (eds.)

Collection of scientific works

The year 2020 has been marked globally by an unprecedented situation related to the spread of Covid-19 since its beginning. At the start of this calendar year, as our organizational team began preparing for another edition, we still hoped that our traditional autumn conference was far away, and in this maximum optimism, we launched the organization of the jubilee 10th edition of our now-traditional conference. This conference has become a stable part of scientific and professional conference events under domestic conditions and has become a stable part of many people's work programs. However, 2020 was almost entirely filled with restrictions from its start, with these restrictions affecting even the organization of conferences. Our 10th Law – Business – Economy Conference fell victim to this current situation and had to be canceled "with gritted teeth." The situation allows us nothing but hope that in 2021 we will be able to meet at our traditional location in High Tatras. We take these meetings for granted; if this situation is good for nothing else, it at least serves as a slowdown and an awareness of our own vulnerability.

See you at the next edition of Law-Business-Economics in October 2021.

You are receiving a collection of scientific papers published in connection with the resolution of scientific projects at the Department of Commercial Law and Economic Law as the main organizer of the scientific conference, as well as other departments of the Faculty of Law at UPJŠ in Košice, and many academic workplaces both domestically and abroad. The collection is published with support from the Agency for Support of Research and Development. The editors thank all who contributed to it with their scientific articles, as well as reviewers for their valuable comments and recommendations.

On behalf of the editors: Regina Hučková

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Jana Žuľová - Milena Barinková 

Legal norms regulate everyday life. We learn about the rights and obligations that arise for us from these norms through language. It is therefore very important that they are created in such a way that all levels of society understand them, not only recipients with legal education.

The Labour Code is a norm of everyday use, and so far there is no publication that approximates or clarifies the understanding of the provisions of this law through the prism of its language. The main goal of the publication is to apply the acquired linguistic knowledge about the pitfalls of the comprehensibility of legal language for the general public to the Labour Code and thus enable its more adequate understanding. Our ambition is not a comprehensive interpretation of the provisions of the Labour Code, which give the impression of incomprehensibility for the average addressee.

We focused on selected problematic phenomena observed and identified during the solution of the VEGA grant project no. 1/0526/17 Linguistic and Sanctioning Mechanisms in the Creation and Operation of Labor Law Norms and strived for a conceptual approach to their examination enriched by empirical research.

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Radomír Jakab - Diana Repiščáková (eds.)

The collection of scientific papers was created as part of a scientific seminar entitled “Extraterritorial Effects of Foreign Administrative Decisions in the Conditions of the European Union – Starting Points and Current State,” held from November 23 to 25, 2022, at the training and educational facility in Danišovce, in connection with the implementation of a scientific project entitled “Extraterritorial Effects of Foreign Administrative Decisions in the Conditions of the European Union,” supported by a grant from the Scientific Grant Agency under No. 01/187/2022.

The aim of the mentioned project is the scientific examination of extraterritoriality, i.e., the extraterritorial effects of administrative decisions of the Member States of the European Union on the territory of other Member States, in order to assess the need for, possibilities of, and desirable scope of harmonization of the legal regulation of the Member States of the European Union, with the goal of increasing the level of free movement of administrative decisions within the European Union. As part of the research project, an initial scientific seminar was held under the title “Extraterritorial Effects of Foreign Administrative Decisions in the Conditions of the European Union – Starting Points and Current State.”

Members of the research team, who are also members of the Department of Constitutional Law and Administrative Law at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, participated in this scientific seminar. At the seminar, contributions were presented that primarily summarized the current state of knowledge in the area of extraterritorial effects of foreign administrative decisions in the context of the European Union. This summary will serve as a basis for the further scientific examination of this issue by the members of the research team. These contributions subsequently formed the scientific papers included in this collection.

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Peter Vojčík a kolektív

Občianske právo hmotné je základnou učebnou pomôckou nielen pre študentov právnických fakúlt, ale aj pre odborníkov v praxi, jako aj pre širšiu verejnosť, ktorá sa chce oboznámiť so základmi tohoto odvetvia práva. Publikácia je rozdelená do piatich častí. V prvom zväzku je zaradená prvá časť, kde sú podané výklady zo všeobecnej časti občianskeho práva, napríklad o subjektoch, predmete a ochrane občianskoprávnych vzťahov, druhá časť učebnice o vecných právach, a to vlastníckemu právu, podielovému spoluvlastníctvu a bezpodielovému spoluvlastníctvu manželov, záložnému právu, vecným bremenám a zádržnému právu. V druhom zväzku je tretia časť záväzkové právo, a to jednak všeobecná časť záväzkového práva, jednak jednotlivé zmluvy, ktoré sú upravené predovšetkým v Občianskom zákonníku. Štvrtá časť je venovaná zodpovednosti za škodu a bezdôvodnému obohateniu, kde sú rozoberané jednotlivé predpoklady zodpovednosti za škodu. Piata časť obsahuje výklady o dedičskom práve. Štvrté vydanie je aktualizované, upravené a doplnené v súlade so zmenami, ktoré nastali v legislatíve Slovenskej republiky, vrátane noriem EÚ.

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Dominika Becková (ed.)

Proceedings of Contributions from the XIII. Year of the Student Symposium on International and European Law held on March 6, 2020, at the Faculty of Law of UPJŠ in Košice

The Student Symposium on International and European Law has its traditional place in the calendar of events at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. In the academic year 2019/2020, the Institute of International Law and European Law decided to continue this tradition and offer students an opportunity to present their professional opinions on selected topics and problematic issues of international and European law.

The XIII. edition of the student symposium continued from its previous year and once again focused students' attention on the institutions of international and European law depicted in films. The films processed by the participants of the symposium offer a wide range of institutions of international and European law.

In their contributions, participants addressed issues related to diplomatic law, terrorism, armed conflicts, the use of robots, environmental protection, and questions regarding the legal regime of outer space.

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Miroslav Štrkolec - Filip Baláži - Natália Priateľová - Anna Vartašová

Tax Law and New Phenomena in the Economy. This collection of scientific papers presents contributions from the international scientific conference “V. SLOVAK-CZECH DAYS OF TAX LAW: Tax Law and New Phenomena in the Economy,” which took place on June 5 and 6, 2023, at the Faculty of Law of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and was supported by the Scientific and Grant Agency within the project APVV-19-0124 “Tax Law and New Phenomena in the Economy (digital services, shared economy, virtual currencies).”

The individual contributions focus on addressing current issues of tax law in the context of new phenomena in the economy. The authors in their contributions mainly deal with digitalization and the resulting challenges for tax law, especially specific problems related to crypto-assets, digital tax, and technologies, as well as the shared economy and its tax impacts.

Attention is also given to selected extraordinary measures adopted in the financial sector in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and application problems that have arisen or may arise in their implementation in practice.

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Kolektív autorov

Titul obsahuje úplné znenie zákonov z oblastí rozpočtových pravidiel, štátnej a verejnej služby, zákonov z oblasti školstva, samosprávy, miest a obcí po novelách k 1. 1. 2026. . Zmeny v zákonoch sú v texte prehľadne vyznačené. Publikácia sa venuje rozpočtovým pravidlám, poskytovaniu dotácií, výkonu práce vo verejnom záujme, elektronickej komunikácii, výchove a vzdelávaniu, financovaniu škôl, majetku obcí, verejným prácam, regionálnemu rozvoju, investičnej pomoci...

Titul Štátna a verejná správa, školy a obce obsahuje:
1. Rozpočtové pravidlá
ZÁKON č. 523/2004 Z. z. o rozpočtových pravidlách verejnej správy
ZÁKON č. 70/2025 Z. z. o poskytovaní dotácií pre Plán obnovy...
ZÁKON č. 583/2004 Z. z. o rozpočtových pravidlách územnej samosprávy
2. Štátna a verejná služba
ZÁKON č. 552/2003 Z. z. o výkone práce vo verejnom záujme
ZÁKON č. 553/2003 Z. z. o odmeňovaní niektorých zamest. pri výkone práce vo verejnom záujme
ZÁKON č. 55/2017 Z. z. o štátnej službe
ZÁKON č. 452/2021 Z. z. o elektronických komunikáciách
3. Školy
ZÁKON č. 245/2008 Z. z. o výchove a vzdelávaní (školský zákon)
ZÁKON č. 131/2002 o vysokých školách
ZÁKON č. 321/2005 Z. z. o školskej správe a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov
VYHLÁŠKA č. 541/2021 Z. z. o materskej škole
VYHLÁŠKA č. 223/2022 Z. z. o základnej škole
VYHLÁŠKA č. 224/2022 Z. z. o stredných školách
ZÁKON č. 322/2025 Z. z. o financovaní škôl a školských zariadení
4. Obce a mestá
ZÁKON č. 369/1990 Zb. o obecnom zriadení
ZÁKON č. 138/1991 Zb. o majetku obcí
ZÁKON č. 500/1991 Zb. o pôsobnosti obcí vo veciach nájmu a podnájmu nebyt. priestorov
ZÁKON č. 254/1998 Z. z. o verejných prácach
VYHLÁŠKA č. 83/2008 Z. z., ktorou sa vykonáva zákon č. 254/1998 Z. z. o verejných prácach
NARIADENIE VLÁDY Č. 341/2004 Z. z., ktorým sa ustanovujú katalógy pracovných činností pri výkone práce vo verejnom záujme
NARIADENIE č. 296/2022 Z. z., VLÁDY, ktorým sa ustanovujú zvýšené stupnice platových taríf zamestnancov pri výkone práce vo verejnom záujme
ZÁKON č. 564/1991 Zb. o obecnej polícii
ZÁKON č. 302/2001 Z. z. o samospráve vyšších územných celkov (zákon o samospr.krajoch)
ZÁKON č. 416/2001 Z. z. o prechode niektorých pôsobností z orgánov štátnej správy na obce a na vyššie územné celky
ZÁKON č. 514/2003 Z. z. o zodpovednosti za škodu spôsobenú pri výkone verejnej moci
ZÁKON č. 180/2013 Z. z. o organizácii miestnej štátnej správy
ZÁKON č. 525/2003 Z. z. o štátnej správe starostlivosti o životné prostredie
ZÁKON č. 539/2008 Z. z. o podpore regionálneho rozvoja
ZÁKON č. 57/2018 Z. z. o regionálnej investičnej pomoci
ZÁKON č. 305/2013 Z. z. o elektronickej podobe výkonu pôsobnosti orgánov verejnej moci

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Kristián Csach - Ľubica Širicová

Private international law has undergone dramatic changes in recent periods. The fully operational process of communitarization of this legal field has not yet – and perhaps could not have been – effectively reflected by domestic legislators. Under the current legal status, it is not uncommon for legal issues to intertwine regulations of community origin and domestic legislation (embodied primarily by Act No. 97/1963 Coll. on Private International Law and Procedure).

Questions about the obsolescence of some provisions of this, until recently, universal codified regulation of private international law arise mainly (but not exclusively) from the conflict rules contained in the so-called "Rome I" Regulation on the law applicable to contractual obligations, the "Rome II" Regulation on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations, and most recently in Council Regulation (EC) No. 4/2009 of 18 December 2008 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition, and enforcement of decisions and cooperation in matters relating to maintenance obligations.

Respecting the principle of the primacy of generally binding acts of the Community over domestic law, the correct application of normative texts cannot be achieved without the ability to quickly navigate through the norms and subsequently compare them.

Students and anyone else are therefore confronted with a multitude of legal regulations of substantial scope and detailed regulation. Currently, apart from systematically arranged references on the websites of the Ministry of Justice, we do not find a comprehensive material that would offer an overview of legal regulations in the field of private international law and procedure.

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