Významné historické zmeny fluviálneho systému dolného Váhu a význam mechanizmu avulzií v jeho vývoji

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33542/GC2020-1-06

Autor: Juraj PROCHÁZKA

Rok vydania: 2020

Vydavateľ: Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Prírodovedecká fakulta, Ústav geografie

Dostupné od: 03.04.2020

URL časopisu: https://www.gcass.science.upjs.sk/ 

Abstrakt: According to the most recent studies of the lower Váh River fluvial system, alongside with a lateral shift of the channel due to meandering, first-order avulsions also played a key role in the development of the fluvial system. The most important avulsion that already occurred in historical periods produced more stable lateral channels. To study how this geomorphic phenomenon was manifested we used old maps of different scales (from the 16th century onward), modern topographic maps, orthophoto and references in historical literature. This allows ancient paleochannels of the lower Váh River originated by avulsions to be recognised. A good example is represented by major section of the former Váh mainstream channel, so called “Ship Route” (in Hungarian Hajó út). On the lowermost section of the Váh River (stretch from Neded to Komárno) there is a clear tendency of the river to switch its channel to the southwest, in the opposite direction as it is on the Podunajská pahorkatina Hillland. This tendency is tectonically conditioned and it points to the controlling influence of tectonics as the major causative factor in the development of the pre-regulation lower Váh River system. Importance of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it explores the key role of avulsions in the river dynamics on the Podunajská nížina Lowland, not only in sections with higher energy as predicted previously. Secondly, the study brings original knowledge about Váh River channels, which fell into oblivion, but were also important for the then society.

Kľúčové slová: Váh River, avulsion, tectonics, old maps, toponym

Pdf na stiahnutie